Development, sensation and perception Test Final Questions

Nightmares are to ________ as night terrors are to ________. a. REM sleep; stage 4 sleep b. narcolepsy; sleep apnea c. delta waves; alpha waves d. stage 4 sleep; stage 1 sleep

a

Three hours after going to sleep, Shoshanna's heart rate increases, her breathing becomes more rapid, and her eyes move rapidly under her closed lids. Research suggests that Shoshanna is a. dreaming b. entering the third stage of sleep c. experiencing night terrors d. ready to sleep talk

a

a participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. this technique is called a. electroencephalography EGG) b. computed tomography (CT) c. positron-emission tomography (PET) d. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) e. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

a

the amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the a. iris b. lens c. retina d. optic nerve

a

Laura arrives at a park that is located very close to a factory that produces cookies. She immediately notices the strong odor of chocolate chip cookies, but after a while she no longer detects the smell of the cookies. This can best be explained by which of the following? a. accommodation b. sensory adaption c. weber's law d. assimilation e. phi phenomenon

b

a 3-D movie enhances one's sense of depth perception by stimulating the effects of a. interposition b. retinal disparity c. convergence d. linear perspective

b

The illusion that railroad tracks come together in the distance involves the depth cue of a. atmosphere perspective b. texture gradient c. light and shadow d. linear perspective

d

although manuel was sitting right next to his parents he smelled a skunk minutes before they did. Apparently manuel has a lower ______ for skunk odor than his parents have a. accommodation level b. tolerance level c. olfactory period d. absolute threshold e. adaption level

d

deep sleep appears to play an important role in a. sleep apnea b. narcolepsy c. paradoxical sleep d. physical growth

d

the light sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the rods and cones is the a. fovea b. optic nerve c. cornea d. retina

d

which of the following is an explanation of why travelers suffer from jet lag? a. they experience an increase in REM rebound b. there is a decrease in the duration of alpha waves in sleep c. they experience excess amounts of NREM sleep d. there is a reduction in their parasomnias e. there is a disruption in their circadian rhythm

e

which of the following supports the opponent process theory of color vision? a. color constancy b. feature detection c. subtractive color mixing d. parallel processing e. afterimages

e

a sudden, irresistible urge to sleep which lasts a few minutes to half an hour during the daytime is called a. narcolepsy b. hypersomnia c. sleep apnea d. sleepwalking disorder

a

in adult humans which of the following is typically true of REM sleep? a. it is correlated with dreaming b. it leads to a marked increase in muscle tone c. it alternates with NREM sleep in 30 minute cycle d. it occurs during the first half of an individual's sleep cycle e. it involves decreased blood pressure and heart rate

a

Mr. Dayton occasionally stops breathing while sleeping. He wakes up to snort air for a few seconds before falling back to sleep. Mrs. Dayton complains that her husband snores. Clearly, Mr. Dayton suffers from a. narcolepsy b. sleep apnea c. somnambulism d. insomnia

b

according to this theory dreams are result of the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural activity a. REM rebound b, activation synthesis c. information processing d. manifest content

b

after reading her horoscope in the morning newspaper, sabrina readily interpreted numerous experiences of that day as clear verification of its accuracy. this best illustrates the dangers of a. visual capture b. perceptual set c. cocktail party effect d. parallel processing

b

am exhausted forest ranger many notice the faintest scent of a forest fire, whereas much stronger but less important odors fail to catch her attention. this fact would be of greatest relevance to a. opponent-process theory b. signal detection theory c. frequency theory d. place theory

b

difference thresholds a. occur when we first detect some stimulus b. occur when we can detect the change in the intensity of a stimulus c. depend on the energy necessary to stimulate a sensory receptor d. are measured in judgement

b

information picked up by the body's receptor cells is termed a. cognition b. perception c. adaption d. sensation

b

laisha noticed that in the early evening she begins to have difficulty seeing the vibrant colors in her artwork. which if the following best explains her difficulty? a. her rods are functioning improperly and are not sensing color b. her cones cannot detect color well in dim light c. light adaption prevents sensation of color d. lateral antagonism in inhibits color sensation e. her optic chiasm is not correctly transferring color neural impulses

b

seeing out of the corner of your eye, often important in sports activities and driving is called a. tunnel vision b. peripheral vision c. astigmatism d. feature detection

b

the information surrounding a stimulus is known as the a. adoption level b. context c. aura d. internal fame of reference

b

which stage of sleep typically has spindles? a. first b. second c. third d. fourth

b

ana injured her eye in an accident and has to wear a patch over they eye while it heals. which o f the following cues would she best be able to use to make judgement about the distance objects are from her a. convergence b. binocular disparity c. linear perspective d. similarity e. closure

c

hypnotized subjects who were told to plunge one hand into a painful bath of ice water and were told to feel no pain a. awoke from their hypnosis b. wrote ;it hurts with their free hand c. did not feel any pain d. went into a coma

c

our experience of pain may be intensified when we perceive that others are experiencing pain. this best illustrates the importance of a. sensory adaptation b. accommodation c. top down processing d. kinesthesis

c

receptors for olfaction are located a. on the basilar membrane of the cochlea b. in taste buds on the tongue c. in the nasal cavity d. in the esophagus e. in the dermis

c

research suggests that the two most basic states of sleep are a. alpha sleep b. light sleep and deep sleep c. REm sleep and non-REM sleep d. REM sleep and paradoxical sleep

c

the gestalt principle that refers to an individual's tendency to perceive an incomplete figure as a whole is called a. figure-ground b. motion parallax c. closure d. proximity e. shape constancy

c

which of the following statements concerning sleep is invalid? a. there is no valid physiological indicators of sleep b. longer dreams usually occur during the first sleep cycle c. individuals do not typically act out their dreams d. sigmund freud developed his theory of dreaming by walking individuals from REM sleep e. sleep spindles occur with greater frequency in individuals who experience night terrors

c

it can be assumed that an individual described as a supertaster a. is a man b. represents a majority of the US population c. has a low density of taste buds on the tongue d. is very sensitive to hot peppers e. learned to be a supertaster from others

d

one of the difficulties in studying hypnosis experimentally is that a. it is more difficult to hypnotize people in a lab than in a familiar setting b. hypnotized people act so differently that it is hard to create a control group c. people who are hypnotized are typically sluggish and will not engage in a wide variety of behaviors d. there is no reliable way to determine if a person is hypnotized

d

the pitch of a sound is analogous to which of the following features of light? a. brightness b. size c. saturation d. hue e. intensity

d