Developmental Psych - Quiz Thirteen

In a survey conducted by AARP (2004), the primary reason middle-aged and older women cited for wanting a divorce was:

Verbal, physical, or emotional abuse.

Identify the supertrait tat encompasses traits such as soft-hearted, trusting, and helpful, according to Big Five factors of personality.

Agreeableness

Vaillant's research showed that at age 50, the best predictors of who would be dead at 75 to 80 years of age were:

Alcohol abuse and smoking

Middle adulthood is referred to as the sandwich generation because:

Middle-aged adults may have to care for their own adolescent children as well as their elderly parents

According to Lachman, researchers have found that on average a sense of personal control peaks in _____ and then declines.

Midlife

Cross-cultural studies show that in nonindustrialized countries the concept of middle age is:

About the same as it is in industrialized countries like the United States

Diana is fun-loving, sociable, and affectionate with all her friends and acquaintances. Identify the Big Five personality factor that describes this aspect of Diana's personality.

Extraversion

Identify the Big Five personality factor that describes whether an individual is fun-loving or somber.

Extraversion

Which of the following Big Five personality factors describes whether a person is sociable or retiring?

Extraversion

Which of the following statements about intergenerational relations is true?

Females have an especially important role in connecting family relationships across generations.

When men face stress, they are more likely to respond in a:

Fight-or-Flight

Which of the following is NOT one of the main reasons that grandparents are thrust back into the "parenting" role they thought they had shed?

Filling the "empty nest"

Mr. Chang works at a boring but tense job. Stress about his job keeps him up late on most nights. Mr. Chang is experiencing the stress of:

A daily hassle

Three prominent meanings are attached to being a grandparent. Which of the following is NOT one of those meanings?

A financial strain

Which of the following is NOT one of the five big personality traits identified by Costa and McCrae?

Adaptability

According to the Big Five factors of personality, which of the following personality supertrait describes a person as either helpful or uncooperative?

Agreeableness

Abdiel has had three children, according to Erikson, he has achieved:

Biological generativity

Which theory is similar to the contemporary life-events approach in highlighting the importance of complex setting of our lives?

Bronfenbrenners's theory

Becky is careless, impulsive, and disorganized. According to the Big Five personality factors, Becky is most likely to score low on:

Conscientiousness

Identify the Big Five personality factor that classifies a person as either organized or disorganized.

Conscientiousness

Which of the following Big Five personality factors describes a person as either disciplined or impulsive?

Conscientiousness

Which of the following is the conclusion of the study conducted by Costa and McCrae on approximately 1,000 college-educated men and women aged 20 to 96?

Considerable stability occurs in the five personality factors

The _____ life-events approach emphasized the manner in which life events influence an individual's development depends not only on these events but also on mediating factors.

Contemporary

It is common is nonindustrialized societies to:

Describe individuals as young or old but not as middle-aged

Most research studies indicate that the greatest change in personality traits occurs in:

Early adulthood

Middle-age partners are more likely to view their marriage as positive if they:

Engage in mutual activities

Saeko has committed herself to the continuation and improvement of society as a whole through her connection with their children and grandchildren. According to Erikson, she is:

Generative

_______ encompasses adults' desire to leave legacies of themselves to the next generation.

Generativity

Erikson proposed that middle-aged adults face a significant issue which he termed _____.

Generativity versus Stagnation

Identify the seventh stage of Erikson's life span theory.

Generativity versus stagnation

Adult development experts are virtually unanimous in their belief that midlife crises:

Have been exaggerated

Sandra's mother is concerned about Sandra's lack of interest in marrying and having children. She told Sandra, "When I was your age, I had already found a good husband and settled down." Sandra and her mother:

Have different social clocks

Lorenzo was born during the depression era in the U.S. Now he and others who were born at about the same time show greater cognitive decline than people born at later times. This illustrates that cohort effects are differences based on:

Historical contexts

According to the contemporary life-events approach, the influence of life events also depends on all of the following factors EXCEPT the _______.

Individual's cognitive capacity

Which of the following is a significant observation by Neugarten regarding social clocks?

Individuals whose lives are synchronized with the social clocks are less stressed

Which of the following statements about sibling relationships is true?

It is rare for sibling closeness to develop for the first time in adulthood.

A common complaint voiced by both adult children and their parents when adult children return home is a(n):

Loss of privacy

According to research by Rossi, which of the following were found to have the closest relationships during their adult years?

Mothers and daughters

According to the Big Five factors of personality, which of the following personality supertrait describes whether an individual is either secure or insecure?

Neuroticism

Which of the following Big Five personality factors describes an individual as either self-satisfied or self-pitying?

Neuroticism

Which of the following Big Five personality factors describes whether an individual is imaginative or practical?

Openness to experience

Jacqueline nurtures and guides her children. According to Erikson, she has achieved _____ generativity.

Parental

Don and Ellie have been married for over 30 years. Which of the following is likely to be MOST important in their relationship?

Security

The timetable according to which individuals are expected to accomplish life's tasks, such as getting married, having children, or establishing themselves in a career is known as the:

Social clock

_______ develops when individuals sense that they have done nothing for the next generation.

Stagnation

When women experience stress, they are more likely to engage in:

Tend-and-Befriend

Trevor and Michelle's last child has just left home to attend college. According to research, this will most likely be a time when:

They will have increased marital satisfaction

According to the Almeida & Horn study, which of the following is the difference in the experience of stressors between young adults and middle-aged adults?

Unlike young adults, middle-aged adults experienced more"overload" stressors

Which of the following is a major difference between Levinson's and Valliant's view on midlife?

Valliant maintains that only a minority of adults experience a midlife crisis

Guillermo has taught his apprentices all the specialized techniques he has developed over the years as a carpenter. According to Erikson, he has achieved _____ generativity.

Work

George Vaillant concludes that the _____ are a decade of reassessing and recording the truth about the adolescent and adulthood years.

Forties

In general, the argument that middle adulthood has advantages for women in nonindustrialized cultures is based on the idea that women in these cultures typically:

Gain respect and trust by the community as they age