dms 105

the corpus luteal cyst resolves completely by week _____ when the placenta takes over progesterone production

14-16

ovarian follicles grow at a rate of _____ mm per day prior to ovulation

2-3

the dominant follicle normally reaches a maximum diameter of ____ just prior to ovulation

2.5-3.0 cm

the normal menstrual cycle lasts ______ days

28

average size nulliparous uterus is

7-8x3-5x3-5 cm

the right ovarian vein empties directly into the

IVC

______ is the widest and longest portion; egg fertilization normally occurs here; most ectopics occur in this segment:

ampulla

the gonadal arteries are a branch of the _____ and supply the majority of the arterial blood to the ovaries

aorta

the ______ is a "permanent" layer of the endometrial tissue that serves as a source of cell regrowth for the functionalis layer

basalis layer

_____ is the mid-section of the uterus that has great flexibility to expand with pregnancy

body AKA corpus

wing like folds of the peritoneum extending to lateral pelvic walls, separates pelvic cavity into anterior and posterior portions is called

broad ligaments

________ is highly innervated area that lies below the junction of the labia majora

clitoris

______ is a condition in which a body orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent

congenital occlusion of the vagina or subsequence adhesion of walls of the vagina occluding it

_____ is when the cervix is midline while uterine body is flexed to the right is called

dextrofexion

_______ is when the uterus and cervix displaced to the right is called

dextroposition

graafian follicle is another term to describe a ______

dominant, secondary follicle

the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 8 of their menstrual cycle

early proliferative phase, day 5-8= thin line

______ opening from the cervix to the vagina

external os

prepubertal uterus corpus is 1/3 the length of the cervix. T/F?

false, 1/2

the greater pelvis is also known as the _____ pelvis, and it contains ______

false, bowel

the ______ refers to the endometrial layer that is sloughed off during menstruation

functionalis layer

the spiral arteries supply the _____ layer and the straight arteries supply the _____ of the endometrium

functionalis, basalis layer

_____ is the most superior portion of the uterus where the cornua extend into the fallopian tubes

fundus

______ is performed by injecting dye through the uterus and into the fallopian tubes to determine patency of the tubes

hysterosalpinogram

______- contains fimbriae; turmpet shaped end opens into pelvic peritoneal cavity

infundibulum

the uterine artery originates from the anterior branch of the

internal iliac artery

_____ opening from uterus (body) in cervix

internal os

_____ short section that passes thru uterine wall

interstitial-AKA intramural

_____ is middle portion of fallopian tube

isthmus

______ - lower portion of the corpus connected to the cervix

isthmus

_____ is outer lips or flaps of skin covering vaginal opening

labia majora

______ is the inner lips or flaps of skin covering vaginal opening, smaller than majora labia

labia minora

the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 13 of their menstrual cycle

late proliferative phase day 10-14=thicker hypoechoic, 3 lines

the left ovarian vein empties into the

left renal vein

the bladder can sometimes push the ovaries out of the field of view on a transvaginal exam. if the bladder starts to refill during the TV exam, then what do you do

let the patient empty and try to find the ovaries again

the ______ and ____ muscles form the floor of the pelvis

levator ani and coccygeus

_____is when the cervix is midline while uterine body is flexed to the left is called

levoflexion

______ is when uterus and cervix displaced to the left is called

levoposition

____ is an imaginary line connecting superior sacrum to symphysis pubis

linea terminalis

the ______ is identified in the pregnant uterus and refers to the segment of the uterus between the body and the cervix

lower uterine segment

______ refers to the onset of menstruation

menarche

______ is free margin of the broad ligament where fallopian travels

mesosalpinx

_____ is portion of the peritoneum connecting anterior ovary to posterior broad ligament

mesovarium

_____ is fatty prominence covering the symphysis pubis

mons pubis

congenial uterine anomalies are caused by improper formation, fusion, separation or absence of the

mullerian ducts

the suspensory and broad ligaments are composed of ______

peritoneum

the _____ glande and _____ gland of the brain produce hormones that influence the ovaries

pituitary, hypothalamus

the pouch of douglas is also called the _____ and it is located _____

posterior cul-de-sac, it is fold of peritonieum between the cervix and the rectum

the corpus luteal cyst secretes _____ which helps maintain and develop the pregnancy

progestrone

______ originates in lumbar vertebral region, connects w/ iliacus muscle to form iliopsoas muscle

psoas muscle

_____ refers to the process that includes menarche, thelarche and other changes like pubic hair growth

puberty

______ forms anterior wall of abdominopelvic caivty, extends from xiphoid to symphysis

rectus abdominis muscle

culdocentesis is performed to

removal of fluid from the pelvic cul-de-sac

the _____ is located anterior to the bladder and is called the _____ space

retopubic, space of retzius

fibromuscular bands extending from uterus to labia majora and helps maintain normal uterine position called

round ligaments

the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 21 of their menstrual cycle

secretory phase, day 15-28= thicker hyperechoic

the uterine perimetrium is also called the _______

serosa, serous coat

the ____ is located between the bladder and the pubic bone

space of retzius

the bowl is located in which pelvis

the bowel is mainly located in the false pelvis

if fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum becomes

the corpus albicans

_____ is the inner lining of the uterus that is sloughed off in menstruation

the endometrium

_______ is the most inferior structure, forms the floor of the pelvis, has 3 openings for urethra, vagina and rectum

the levator ani muscle

______ is the muscle layer of the uterine wall that contracts and expands during delivery

the myometrium

the average size of a normal ovary in premenopausal women is _____ and its volume is _____

the normal ovary measures 3x2x1 cm and has a volume of 6-13cc

______located laterally at the acetabulum, triangular sheet, covers anterior and lateral walls

the obturator internus muscles

mittleschmertz refers to

the pain associated with ovulation

______ is the outer layer of the uterine wall and is composed of fibrous connective tissue

the perimetrium

_____ is superior and lateral to levator ani muscles, originates from sacrum

the piriformis muscles

______ refers to the onset of breast development

thelarche

band of fibrous tissue and muscle extends from upper lateral cervix to lateral pelvic wall and contains the uterine and a vaginal vessel called

transverse cervical ligament of mackenrodt

estrogen stimulates the endometrium to thicken before ovulation. T/F?

true

if fertilization does not occur, progesterone levels decrease and menses occurs. T/F?

true

increasing progesterone levels with pregnancy cause the cervical mucous to "dry up" and the cervix to tighten leading to mucous plug formation. T/F?

true

multiparous premenopausal uterus corpus is at least 2 times the length of the cervix. T/F?

true

neonatal uterus corpus is much shorter than the cervix. T/F?

true

nulliparous premenopausal uterus corpus is the same length as the cervix. T/F?

true

postmenopausal uterus- corpus/cervix ratio remain the same as premenopausal uterus but overall organ atrophies. T/F?

true

progesterone stimulates endometrial thickening in the secretory phase for possible implantation. T/F?

true

progesterone stimulates the endometrial proliferation in the secretory phase, after ovulation occurs, T/F?

true

smaller branches of the uterine artery anastomose with branches of the ovarian artery to supply some blood to the ovaries. T/F?

true

the arcuate arteries encircle the periphery of the uterus. T/F?

true

the length and the depth (AP) measurements of the uterus can be obtained on a sagittal image. T/F?

true

the uterine artery branches from the hypogastric artery. T/F?

true

width and depth (AP) measurements of the uterus can be obtained on a transverse image

true

______ demonstrates two separate uterine bodies, cervices and vaginal canals

uterine didelphys

the levator ani muscle can be identified on a pelvic ultrasound as the flat muscle extending laterally on both sides of the ______

vagina

the ovary is normally found in the fossa of _____

waldeyer

an anteflexed uterus refers to

when the uterine body folds to form a sharp angle anteriorly with the cervix

a retroflexed uterus refers to

when the uterine body folds to form a sharp angle posteriorly with the cervix

an anteverted uterus refers to

when the uterine body forms a slight angle anteriorly with the cervix

a retroverted uterus refers to

when the uterine body forms a slight angle posteriorly with the cervix