dms 105
the corpus luteal cyst resolves completely by week _____ when the placenta takes over progesterone production
14-16
ovarian follicles grow at a rate of _____ mm per day prior to ovulation
2-3
the dominant follicle normally reaches a maximum diameter of ____ just prior to ovulation
2.5-3.0 cm
the normal menstrual cycle lasts ______ days
28
average size nulliparous uterus is
7-8x3-5x3-5 cm
the right ovarian vein empties directly into the
IVC
______ is the widest and longest portion; egg fertilization normally occurs here; most ectopics occur in this segment:
ampulla
the gonadal arteries are a branch of the _____ and supply the majority of the arterial blood to the ovaries
aorta
the ______ is a "permanent" layer of the endometrial tissue that serves as a source of cell regrowth for the functionalis layer
basalis layer
_____ is the mid-section of the uterus that has great flexibility to expand with pregnancy
body AKA corpus
wing like folds of the peritoneum extending to lateral pelvic walls, separates pelvic cavity into anterior and posterior portions is called
broad ligaments
________ is highly innervated area that lies below the junction of the labia majora
clitoris
______ is a condition in which a body orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent
congenital occlusion of the vagina or subsequence adhesion of walls of the vagina occluding it
_____ is when the cervix is midline while uterine body is flexed to the right is called
dextrofexion
_______ is when the uterus and cervix displaced to the right is called
dextroposition
graafian follicle is another term to describe a ______
dominant, secondary follicle
the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 8 of their menstrual cycle
early proliferative phase, day 5-8= thin line
______ opening from the cervix to the vagina
external os
prepubertal uterus corpus is 1/3 the length of the cervix. T/F?
false, 1/2
the greater pelvis is also known as the _____ pelvis, and it contains ______
false, bowel
the ______ refers to the endometrial layer that is sloughed off during menstruation
functionalis layer
the spiral arteries supply the _____ layer and the straight arteries supply the _____ of the endometrium
functionalis, basalis layer
_____ is the most superior portion of the uterus where the cornua extend into the fallopian tubes
fundus
______ is performed by injecting dye through the uterus and into the fallopian tubes to determine patency of the tubes
hysterosalpinogram
______- contains fimbriae; turmpet shaped end opens into pelvic peritoneal cavity
infundibulum
the uterine artery originates from the anterior branch of the
internal iliac artery
_____ opening from uterus (body) in cervix
internal os
_____ short section that passes thru uterine wall
interstitial-AKA intramural
_____ is middle portion of fallopian tube
isthmus
______ - lower portion of the corpus connected to the cervix
isthmus
_____ is outer lips or flaps of skin covering vaginal opening
labia majora
______ is the inner lips or flaps of skin covering vaginal opening, smaller than majora labia
labia minora
the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 13 of their menstrual cycle
late proliferative phase day 10-14=thicker hypoechoic, 3 lines
the left ovarian vein empties into the
left renal vein
the bladder can sometimes push the ovaries out of the field of view on a transvaginal exam. if the bladder starts to refill during the TV exam, then what do you do
let the patient empty and try to find the ovaries again
the ______ and ____ muscles form the floor of the pelvis
levator ani and coccygeus
_____is when the cervix is midline while uterine body is flexed to the left is called
levoflexion
______ is when uterus and cervix displaced to the left is called
levoposition
____ is an imaginary line connecting superior sacrum to symphysis pubis
linea terminalis
the ______ is identified in the pregnant uterus and refers to the segment of the uterus between the body and the cervix
lower uterine segment
______ refers to the onset of menstruation
menarche
______ is free margin of the broad ligament where fallopian travels
mesosalpinx
_____ is portion of the peritoneum connecting anterior ovary to posterior broad ligament
mesovarium
_____ is fatty prominence covering the symphysis pubis
mons pubis
congenial uterine anomalies are caused by improper formation, fusion, separation or absence of the
mullerian ducts
the suspensory and broad ligaments are composed of ______
peritoneum
the _____ glande and _____ gland of the brain produce hormones that influence the ovaries
pituitary, hypothalamus
the pouch of douglas is also called the _____ and it is located _____
posterior cul-de-sac, it is fold of peritonieum between the cervix and the rectum
the corpus luteal cyst secretes _____ which helps maintain and develop the pregnancy
progestrone
______ originates in lumbar vertebral region, connects w/ iliacus muscle to form iliopsoas muscle
psoas muscle
_____ refers to the process that includes menarche, thelarche and other changes like pubic hair growth
puberty
______ forms anterior wall of abdominopelvic caivty, extends from xiphoid to symphysis
rectus abdominis muscle
culdocentesis is performed to
removal of fluid from the pelvic cul-de-sac
the _____ is located anterior to the bladder and is called the _____ space
retopubic, space of retzius
fibromuscular bands extending from uterus to labia majora and helps maintain normal uterine position called
round ligaments
the sonographic appearance of a patient in day 21 of their menstrual cycle
secretory phase, day 15-28= thicker hyperechoic
the uterine perimetrium is also called the _______
serosa, serous coat
the ____ is located between the bladder and the pubic bone
space of retzius
the bowl is located in which pelvis
the bowel is mainly located in the false pelvis
if fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum becomes
the corpus albicans
_____ is the inner lining of the uterus that is sloughed off in menstruation
the endometrium
_______ is the most inferior structure, forms the floor of the pelvis, has 3 openings for urethra, vagina and rectum
the levator ani muscle
______ is the muscle layer of the uterine wall that contracts and expands during delivery
the myometrium
the average size of a normal ovary in premenopausal women is _____ and its volume is _____
the normal ovary measures 3x2x1 cm and has a volume of 6-13cc
______located laterally at the acetabulum, triangular sheet, covers anterior and lateral walls
the obturator internus muscles
mittleschmertz refers to
the pain associated with ovulation
______ is the outer layer of the uterine wall and is composed of fibrous connective tissue
the perimetrium
_____ is superior and lateral to levator ani muscles, originates from sacrum
the piriformis muscles
______ refers to the onset of breast development
thelarche
band of fibrous tissue and muscle extends from upper lateral cervix to lateral pelvic wall and contains the uterine and a vaginal vessel called
transverse cervical ligament of mackenrodt
estrogen stimulates the endometrium to thicken before ovulation. T/F?
true
if fertilization does not occur, progesterone levels decrease and menses occurs. T/F?
true
increasing progesterone levels with pregnancy cause the cervical mucous to "dry up" and the cervix to tighten leading to mucous plug formation. T/F?
true
multiparous premenopausal uterus corpus is at least 2 times the length of the cervix. T/F?
true
neonatal uterus corpus is much shorter than the cervix. T/F?
true
nulliparous premenopausal uterus corpus is the same length as the cervix. T/F?
true
postmenopausal uterus- corpus/cervix ratio remain the same as premenopausal uterus but overall organ atrophies. T/F?
true
progesterone stimulates endometrial thickening in the secretory phase for possible implantation. T/F?
true
progesterone stimulates the endometrial proliferation in the secretory phase, after ovulation occurs, T/F?
true
smaller branches of the uterine artery anastomose with branches of the ovarian artery to supply some blood to the ovaries. T/F?
true
the arcuate arteries encircle the periphery of the uterus. T/F?
true
the length and the depth (AP) measurements of the uterus can be obtained on a sagittal image. T/F?
true
the uterine artery branches from the hypogastric artery. T/F?
true
width and depth (AP) measurements of the uterus can be obtained on a transverse image
true
______ demonstrates two separate uterine bodies, cervices and vaginal canals
uterine didelphys
the levator ani muscle can be identified on a pelvic ultrasound as the flat muscle extending laterally on both sides of the ______
vagina
the ovary is normally found in the fossa of _____
waldeyer
an anteflexed uterus refers to
when the uterine body folds to form a sharp angle anteriorly with the cervix
a retroflexed uterus refers to
when the uterine body folds to form a sharp angle posteriorly with the cervix
an anteverted uterus refers to
when the uterine body forms a slight angle anteriorly with the cervix
a retroverted uterus refers to
when the uterine body forms a slight angle posteriorly with the cervix