EARTH 66
How many mass extinctions are recognized by most paleontologists?
5
Not all dinosaurs could eat and breath at the same time. One group that could were
Ankylosauria nodosaurids
Which of the following continents were part of Gondwana?
Australia africa south america
Why does the earth 'enjoy' plate tectonics?
Convective heat release
Which geologic period ended 66 million year ago?
Cretaceous
Ankylosaurs and stegosaurs were cursorial animals.
False
Dinosaur clades that first-evolved in the early Jurassic were unlikely to become cosmopolitan.
False
Dinosaurs were the only vertebrate to evolve osteoderms. (end quiz 4)
False
Our human hips bones show convergent evolution with dinosaur hip bones because our hip sockets (acetabulums) are also perforate.
False
Pachycephalosaurs and ceratopsians have ongoing classification issues because so few skulls have been found.
False
Pterydactyls are dinosaurs.
False
There is clear fossil evidence that pachycephalosaurs hung out and moved together in large groups.
False
Unlike modern parrots, psittacosaurs did not have chewing teeth. (end practice quiz 5)
False
Dinosaur bones are a type of trace fossil (slide 34, 66_2_2021.pdf)
False. its a body fossil
The first dinosaur formally named in a scientific publication was:
Megalosaurus
Swashbuckling Roy Chapman Andrews led several fossil hunting expeditions from the American Museum of Natural History. His team found the first remains of Velociraptor, amongst other dinosaurs. What area did the Andrews expeditions explore?
Mongolia
On which of the following continents do dinosaurs appear to have originated?
South America
Which of the following clades gave us humans our basic skeletal blueprint?
Tetrapoda
During which period of the Mesozoic was Pangea full assembled and continental seasonality extreme? (slide 30, 65_4_2021.pdf)
Triassic
Which of the following are examples of Linnaean binomial nomenclature? (slide 47, 65_4_2021.pdf)
Triceratops horridus Tyrannosaurus rex
Both pachycephalosaurs and ceratopians were Cretaceous clades.
True
Dinosaur diversity (and endemism) was greatest when continents were isolated and sea level was high.
True
In the early Cretaceous, stegosaurs and anklyosaurs coexisted in some parts of the world.
True
It is possible that pachycepahlosaurs had keratinous pads/coverings of some kind on their heads. The identification of which of the below in the outermost bones of their frontal and parietal bones provides evidence for this interpretation.
True
The earliest (first) dinosaurs were digitigrade bipeds.
True
The geologic time scale was originally developed using relative dating techniques (including lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy). (slide 60, 66_3_2021.pdf)
True
Tooth enamel is a very dense type of bone.
True
The ventral skull view shown above indicates that the dinosaur who originally owned this skull had: (slide 43, 66_8_2021.pdf)
a large tongue cheeks
clade
a new species (hypothetical common ancestor) and some of its descendants.
A taxonomic group (such as Prosauropoda) that includes only the least-derived (most ancestral) members of a clade is know as:
a paraphyletic group
Which of the following evolutionary novelties gave ceratopsians extra chewing power?
an expanded coronoid process
Gastroliths seems to have been used by dinosaurs for: (slide 40, 66_2_2021.pdf)
digestion
If ancient foraminifera contain a larger ration of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 than found in today's oceans, what does that signify about the time those organisms were alive? (slide 38, 65_4_2021.pdf)
earth was cooler
Birds have lost their key Archosauria derived trait, namely antorbital fenestrae.
false
tectonicsCarbon-14 dating is a common technique used to 'date' dinosaur bones.
false
What mineral are most fossil bones made of? (slide 45, 66_2_2021.pdf)
fluorapatite
Ceratopsids had exceptionally large, heavy heads. What anatomical traits helped them hold those big heads up? (start practice quiz 5)
fused first through third vertebrae a large, ball-like occiptal condyle
Cladistic analyses are based on the parsimonious arrangement of which types of traits?
homologous traits
What mineral are your bones made of? (slide 45, 66_2_2021.pdf)
hydroxyapatite calcium sodium
If you have a perforate acetabulum, simple feathers, a low jaw joint, and ossified tendons you are probably a:
ornithischian dinosaur
The clade Stegosauria shares which of the following derived traits?
osteoderms modified into dorsal plates unusually high dorsal vertebrae wide, five-fingered hands Thagomizers
Ornithischians had an extra bone in their lower jaw. What do paleontologists call this bone? (start quiz 4)
predentary
Based on the most basal forms in the clade, it's likely that early ceratopsians had which of the following:
simple feathers
If you discover stegosaur remains in the field, which skeletal part are you least likely to find?
skull
What do unconformities in the stratigraphic record represent?
surfaces that represent missing geologic time surfaces that experienced significant erosion
Adult pachycephalosaurs had uniquely expanded bones on the tops of their skulls. Which bones?
the frontal and parietal
Richard Owen and others noticed in the early days of dinosaur research that one region of dinosaur skeletons was more mammal-like than reptile-like. Which region? (slide 44, 66_1_2021.pdf)
the sacral vertebrae
Chasmosaurid ceratopsids possessed which of the following anatomical features?
triangular epoccipitals, long frills
All archosaurs are diapsids. (slide 5, 66_7_2021.pdf)
true
Reptilia' is only a valid clade if you include which of the following groups? (start q 3: subjects: derived traits, cladogram slide 15> 66_5_2021)
birds