ECED final

A developmentally inappropriate classroom contributes to:

A and B

Classroom environments (both indoors and outdoors) should follow DAP. DAP stands for:

Developmentally Appropriate Practice

According to Parten, solitary play disappears by the time a child reaches the preschool years.

False

The idea that there are gender differences in the way boys and girls play is a fallacy. If given the same choices, boys and girls will engage in the same types of play.

False

NAEYC is an accronym for:

National Association for the Education of Young Children

During which period of time was religion/church closely tied to education and the printing press gave way to more books becoming available to teachers and students?

The Renaissance and Reformation age

Early childhood education focuses primarily on young children, so families are not an important consideration when making educational decisions.

True

Who you are as a person is the foundation for the kind of professional you will become in children's lives.

True

WAC stands for ____________ and is __________________

Washington Administrative Code, licensing laws specific to Washington state

The High Scope approach to early education is best known for

a "plan-do-review" process that is part of the child's daily classroom routine.

One way in which licensing is different from accreditation is that

accreditation is an option for those centers who are licensed

Gayle's "motto" regarding mistaken behavior is:

all behavior has meaning

Socially competent children relate well to others at the following levels

all of the above

Early Childhood program options might include one/more of the following philosophies:

any of the above

A type of assessment where the child is asked to show you how to do something (such as write their name) is an example of what type of assessment?

authentic

The domain of development that includes critical thinking and language acquisition is the:

cognitive domain

The idea that early childhood educators keep information they know about children and families to themselves and not discuss that information anywhere outside the early childhood environment is called

confidentiality

A child's ability, over time, to develop their artwork from large swirls of paint with an arm to fine detailed drawings with the hand and wrist is an example of cephalocaudal development.

false

Authentic assessment judges a child's development on a comparative scale against another child's development.

false

Confidentiality suggests that the teacher should be the only individual who sees the child's portfolio.

false

Early Childhood Education is primarily concerned with the social and emotional development of young children.

false

Electronic observation techniques such as photographs or video clips should be used to document only special occasions, such as holiday events, for a child's portfolio.

false

In creating a nurturing environment for children, it is not important to take into consideration the culture of the families you serve.

false

In the new millennium, statistics show that in two-parent homes more parents will be able to stay home with their children while their spouses work.

false

Including the child's artwork in the portfolio is unneccesary as compared to the teacher's notes.

false

It is best to begin observation statements with phrases like "it seems" or "it appears that" because that is subjective language.

false

It is essential that to teach every child to follow the rules and not take up too much time with questions about why. They must conform to the expectations of their teachers.

false

It is not important to maintain a structured daily routine in the lives of young children.

false

It is probably okay to be an early educator if you only enjoy working with children and not their parents or families.

false

Maria Montessori was an educator who believed that children were undisciplined behavior problems who needed firm guidance through corporal punishment.

false

One of the predictors of typically developing children is that development will follow an unpredictable pattern child to child.

false

Personal values and morality have no affect on an early childhood educator's interactions with children.

false

Praising children regularly with words such as "good job!" or "you're terrific!" is the best way to nurture children's self esteem.

false

Preschool teachers who teach children ages 3 and 4 must be certified by the State Department of Education in Washington State.

false

Professional knowledge of the field of early childhood education can be acquired solely through experience as a parent or in a position working with young children.

false

Running record observations are better than anecdotal records and more practical as observational records for providers "on the floor".

false

Schools that use the term "Montessori" as part of their program title always adhere to true Montessori philosophy.

false

Since the 1940's, the majority of early childhood programs have been funded through federal or state government.

false

The QCA trilemma refers to quality of care, affordability of care and the competitiveness of spaces available for quality of care.

false

The depression had absolutely no impact on the field of early learning.

false

The domains of development are not interrelated.

false

The first kindergarten was established in England in 1837 by prominent progressive educator, John Dewey.

false

The outdoor environment is the appropriate place for children to walk slowly, talk softly, be careful and keep clean.

false

The primary guidance task of an early childhood educator is to manage a classroom so it is orderly and calm.

false

The standards based movement has affected primary aged children in public schools; however, programs serving younger children are untouched by this current trend toward ensuring accountability.

false

Washington State Law indicates that there should be 35 square feet space per child for outdoor environments.

false

When setting up an indoor environment for preschoolers, it is not necessary to consider the aesthetics. Children don't really look at the aesthetics.

false

Which of the following was shown to reduce the death rate among institutionalized infants?

frequent comforting physical contact

The "father" of kindergarten is considered to be

friedrich froebel

The "No Child Left Behind Act" was put in place during which Presidents term?

george W bush

Challenging behaviors can upset teachers. When encountering a child who exhibits challenging behavior, the text suggests the following way to respond:

have sincere, positive contact with the child daily

In dealing with conflict between two children, you should

help the children define the problem, think of ideas to resolve the conflict, and choose a solution

The theorist who developed the most widely known constructivist theory of cognitive development is

jean piaget

The education approach in which children are offered didactic materials that are graded in difficulty and sequenced from concrete to abstract is

montessori

The domain of development that includes gross and fine motor skills is the:

physical domain

Which is not an example of a government funded early childhood program created within the last 100 years?

services for children from minorities and culturally disadvantaged groups.

The domain of development that includes control of emotions and ability to make friends is the

social emotional domain

Which is a true statement about John Locke?

the phrase "tabula rasa", meaning blank slate, is associated with him

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences,

there are eight kinds of intellectual capacities which may or may not work in concert with one another

For the outdoor environment, the Washington state requirement is:

there must be 75 feet of usable space provided

"Kith and Kin" (now called Friends, Family and Neighbors) care refers to care that is provided by a family member or close friend for a child.

true

According to the text, every classroom should have enough materials for the number of children enrolled in the class to have several options for play. That means if there are 10 children enrolled, there should be 50 options for exploring in the environment.

true

Authority that is authentic and lasting is based on making sure that you provide the same consequences for every student.

true

Birth order may have an impact on the career choice of an individual.

true

Critics of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) act of 2001 cite an over-reliance on standardized tests as a measure of academic achievement as a major concern.

true

Each culture has values and beliefs about how it should care for and guide children.

true

Early Childhood Education is said to be a fairly new field with a humanistic roots.

true

Early childhood education is best described as an occupation that is striving to become a profession.

true

Early childhood programs provide education and care for children from birth through age 8 in schools, child care centers and homes.

true

Event sampling would be a good way to identify the source of a child's aggression.

true

Everyone who observes a child may have a bias toward or against children and be unaware of that bias.

true

Generally speaking, most child development experts believe that toddlers should not be formally assessed.

true

Head Start is an example of government involvement in early childhood education.

true

Helping a child to make good health choices, such as tooth brushing, hand washing, nutritious eating, and exercising, will help the child to make similar choices later in life.

true

Home based care programs are the least visible, yet most prevalent form of privately sponsored child care in the United States.

true

In a well-manged classroom, teachers anticipate and prevent problems from happening by carefully considering how the space, materials and routines are organized to create order and calm.

true

In the Kitsap County community, the Federal Government sponsors two "grantees" for Head Start and Early Head Start services and includes KCR and OESD.

true

Infants who suffer maternal deprivation experience problems in later development.

true

It is believed that blocks became popular in early learning environments before the time of Froebel.

true

It is important for teachers to observe children so that they can scaffold their teaching to meet the child's developmental needs.

true

Just like pediatricians and social workers, early childhood educators are considered mandated reporters and must report suspicion of child abuse to Child Protective Services.

true

Learning environments, both indoors and outdoors, should always be developmentally appropriate places for children.

true

Licensing of programs for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers is based on standards developed in each state. State standards for licensing vary widely and licensure alone does not guarantee quality

true

Observation is the most effective techique for understanding children.

true

One way to design outdoor space is to think in terms of "zones" including transition, active play, natural elements, manipulative and social/dramatic zones.

true

Only 25% of the field of early educators began their career through "traditional" training or schooling.

true

Play is the central component of an early childhood program--it is the most meaningful way for children to learn.

true

Recent brain research confirms that the quality of care and stimulation during the early years has a direct impact on the development of a young child's brain.

true

Self-understanding, flexibility, a positive outlook, energy and emotional stability are a few of the characteristics of a successful early childhood educator.

true

Some cultures will equate language with intelligence or with a sophisticated cognitive ability, whereas others place less value on the spoken language.

true

Some of the factors that could influence a child's behavior include mood, illness and temperament of the child.

true

Some people believe that children can sense if the environment is nurturing and safe for them.

true

Standardized testing has many critics who say that this method of assessment may not be valid because these types of tests do not reflect current theory and reasearch on how children learn.

true

The "easy" child and the "difficult" child are two types of temperatmental clusters used to describe a child's typical way of responding from as early as the first few weeks of life.

true

The McMillan sisters called their programs "nursery schools" to emphasize their concern for caring, nurturing and learning.

true

The core values of early childhood education describe the ethical responsibilities of early childhood professionals to children, families, colleagues, and the community.

true

The environment for young children should reflect the culture of the families served.

true

The field of ECE can be linked very early to Plato who believed that education should include girls and corporal punishment should not be a part of early learning.

true

The practice of including children with disabilities in regular education classrooms (called "inclusion") is gaining support in many public schools. Most educators believe everyone benefits when children with special needs are educated with their typcially developing peers.

true

The study of how the brain develops prenatally, as well as during infancy is a relatively new field of study.

true

The term "child-care center" is preferred over "day-care center" because it more accurately describes the focus of the care provided.

true

The term "mistaken behavior" is used to suggest that children are learning to behave acceptably and therefore are subject to mistakes.

true

There are two types of assessment: authentic and formal.

true

There is no single guidance approach that is appropriate for each and every child.

true

To listen to a young child, you should get down to the child's eye level and make eye contact to show interest.

true

We all have preferences and biases.

true

When conflict arises in early childhood settings, it is helpful to discern if a difference in values underlies the conflict.

true