ECG Basics
All junctional rhythms originate from which pacemaker site?
. AV junction
Which is the correct intervention sequence for ventricular fibrillation?
. Access the patient; initiate CPR; defibrillate ASAP
What are premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) that arise from several irritable sites called?
. Multifocal premature ventricular complexes
Which of the following is a possible cause for ventricular fibrillation (V-fib)?
. Myocardial ischemia
Which of the following statements is inaccurate about idioventricular rhythms?
. The PR interval in this rhythm is within normal range
What rhythm is delayed in the AV node causing a prolonged PR interval?
1st degree heart block
. An ECG strip that showed a regular rhythm, an atrial rate greater than the ventricular rate, a constant PRI and two P waves for each QRS complex, and the a QRS is 0.04-0.10 seconds; what rhythm would be identified?
2nd degree block type II
7. The P wave is never hidden in which one of the following rhythms?
2nd degree heart block type II
What rhythm is characterized by a conduction block between the atria and ventricles resulting in some nonconducted P waves (QRS complex drops) but fixed PR intervals when the P wave and QRS complex appear together?
2nd degree heart block type II
What period of time defines a sustained ventricular tachycardia?
30 seconds
12. After reperfusion therapy it is not unusual to see which rhythm?
A. Accelerated idioventricular rhythm (IVR)
A patient with 3 or more consecutive ventricular escape beats at a rate of 40-100 beats per minute has which of the following rhythms?
Accelerated idoventricular rhythm (IVR)
If the patient with supraventricular tachycardia is stable, vagal maneuvers may be used to stimulate the vagus nerve which releases _____.
Acetylcholine
Which medication is first-line to treat asymptomatic supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?
Adenosine
What is the first-line antiarrythmic for ventricular tachycardia with a pulse?
Amiodarone
Which antiarrythmic is given for pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (Vfib) that is unresponsive to CPR, defibrillation, and a vasopressor?
Amiodarone
Which is the correct intervention sequence for asystole?
Assess the patient; confirm rhythm in another lead; initiate CPR
Which is the appropriate sequence when initiating CPR?
Assess the patient; do 2 minutes of CPR; activate EMS
Which rhythm is demonstrated if the heart has lost all electrical activity?
Asystole
Which three (3) are examples of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)?
B. Atrial fibrillation C. Atrial flutter D. Junctional tachycardia Correct
In 3rd degree heart block the QRS is always 0.12 or greater. - t o f
False
Premature ventricular complexes that occur 2 in a row are referred to as bigeminal. - t o f
False
Ventricular fibrillation is generally present with cardiac arrest and is most often brought on by myocardial ischemia. - T o F
False
When a patient experiences three or more consecutive ventricular escape beats at 20 to 40 beats per minute, the patient is experiencing which of the following rhythms?
Idioventricular rhythm
Which of the following ECG strip descriptions would indicate the most significant blockage?
No PRI; more Ps than QRSs; ventricular rate of 20-40 bpm; QRS > 0.10 seconds
Which heart block is considered normal in some individuals?
Normal sinus rhythm (NSR) with 1st degree block
Which is a key to differentiating 2nd degree block type I from type II?
PR intervals
What is the initial treatment response for a patient in either pulseless ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation?
Provide quality CPR and defibrillate
What does the information found in the last 0.04 seconds from the J point back into the QRS complex differentiate?
Right bundle branch block from left bundle branch block
An ECG strip that showed a regular atrial and ventricular rate, normal QRS and normal P waves with a PR interval greater than 0.20 seconds would be identified as a _________.
Sinus rhythm with 1st degree block
Why is the R-on-T premature ventricular complex (PVC) of major concern?
The ventricles are being stimulated during the relative refractory period
What is the initial treatment for 3rd degree heart block?
Transcutaneous pacer
When atropine is ineffective for symptomatic sinus bradycardia your next intervention would be what?
Transcutaneous pacing
What is the initial step in treating stable sinus tachycardia?
Treat the underlying cause
. A sustained ventricular tachycardia lasts longer than 30 seconds. - t o f
True
Heart blocks occur when there is a partial or complete interruption in the cardiac conduction system. - t o f
True
Ventricular tachycardia is a potentially life-threatening rhythm. t o f
True
A patient whose ECG shows a rapid, chaotic rhythm and no discernible P waves or QRS complexes is probably in what dysrhythmia?
Ventricular fibrillation
Three or more consecutive premature ventricular complexes (PVC) at a rate greater than 100 is called:
Ventricular tachycardia (VT)
The ECG monitor displays a normal-appearing rhythm but when you assess the patient they are unresponsive and pulseless. What rhythm would this be?
pulseless electrical activity (PEA)