EMR Midterm

You are obtaining a SAMPLE history from a patient experiencing abdominal pain. Which statement correlates to the "L" in SAMPLE history? A. "I drank a glass of juice about 3 hours ago." B. "I was treated for an ulcer last year." C. "I take an antacid occasionally." D. "The pain has gotten worse since this afternoon."

A. "I drank a glass of juice about 3 hours ago."

The cycles of chest compressions and ventilations in 2-rescuer CPR for a 6 year old are: A. 15 compressions and 2 ventilations B. 15 compressions and 1 ventilation C. 30 compressions and 1 ventilation D. 30 compressions and 2 ventilations

A. 15 compressions and 2 ventilations

A well-organized team response when performing high-quality CPR includes ensuring that providers switch off performing compressions every _____ minutes. A. 2 B. 4 C. 5 D. 10

A. 2

You are caring for an infant who is apneic and pulseless. Another responder is doing compressions. There is no advanced airway in place. You need to ventilate: A. 2 times after every 15th compression. B. 2 times after every 30th compression. C. 1 time after every 30th compression. D. 1 time after every 15th compression.

A. 2 times after every 15th compression.

The ratio of compressions to breaths during 1-rescuer CPR for an infant is A. 30:2 B. 30:1 C. 15:2 D. 15:1

A. 30:2

Which pulse oximeter reading indicates possible hypoxia? A. 92% SpO2 B. 100% SpO2 C. 95% SpO2 D. 98% SpO2

A. 92% SpO2

When cardiac arrest occurs in children, it commonly results from which of the following? A. Airway and breathing problems B. Stroke C. Coronary artery disease D. Myocardial infarction

A. Airway and breathing problems

When should you not consider the use of an oropharyngeal airway (OPA)? A. Alert level of consciousness (LOC) B. Unresponsiveness. C. No gag reflex. D. No oral trauma.

A. Alert level of consciousness (LOC)

Which of the following is a chief complaint? A. The patient fell from a height of 6 feet. B. "I was having severe pain in my chest." C. "I have a history of high blood pressure." D. The patient drank water about an hour ago.

B. "I was having severe pain in my chest."

You are performing CPR on a 6-year-old with a co-worker. What is the compression rate during multiple-provider CPR? A. 60-80 compressions/minute B. 100-120 compressions/minute C. 100 compressions/minute D. At least 120 compressions/minute

B. 100-120 compressions/minute

The best compression rate for an 8 year old would be (pick the most appropriate answer): A. 124 compressions per minute. B. 114 compressions per minute. C. 98 compressions per minute. D. 132 compressions per minute.

B. 114 compressions per minute.

Good Samaritan Laws generally protect people from legal liability when providing care in an emergency, if they do which of the following? A. Offer help with the hopes of being reimbursed for their services. B. Act in good faith within the scope of their training. C. Tell the patient they have a reasonable level of skill. D. Obtain verbal consent.

B. Act in good faith within the scope of their training.

When using an AED, A. Pediatric pads may only be used on a child above the age of 1 year. B. Adult pads may be used on an infant if pediatric pads are not available. C. A child is never shocked with adult pads, even if pediatric pads are not available. D. Pediatric pads may be used on an adult if the adult pads are not available.

B. Adult pads may be used on an infant if pediatric pads are not available.

Your initial assessment reveals the patient is able to acknowledge your presence and answer your questions. Using the AVPU pneumonic, you should describe the level of consciousness as which of the following? A. U B. P C. A D. V

C. A

You are performing chest compressions on a 6 year old. You should be compressing the chest to what depth? A. At least 1 inch B. At least 2 inches C. About 2 inches D. About 1 1/2 inches

C. About 2 inches

A look at the actions the team took, and reasons why while discussing the pros and cons of actions and identifies changes that could be made to improve outcomes.

Reflect

A brief recap of emergency and interventions is used

Review

A recap with main takeaway points and development of a list of action items

Summarize

Using biohazard and sharps containers are an example of ______

engineering controls

Disinfecting work surfaces soiled with bodily fluids is an example of an ______

work practice controls

Mode of disease transmission for the following cases: Athlete shares razor with teammate that has a strain of MRSA

Indirect contact

Mode of disease transmission for the following cases: HPV off old towel

Indirect contact

When suctioning the mouth of a patient, which of the following is the most appropriate action? A. Apply suction while withdrawing the tip in a sweeping motion. B. Insert the suction tip as far back into the throat as possible. C. Suction for at least 20 seconds at a time. D. Measure the distance from the patient's earlobe to the tip of the nose.

A. Apply suction while withdrawing the tip in a sweeping motion.

You are about to apply AED pads to a patient's chest when you notice that a patient has an implanted defibrillator. Which of the following should you do? A. Avoid placing the pads directly over the defibrillator. B. There is no need to use the AED, because the patient has an implantable defibrillator. C. Place 1 pad in the center of the chest and one pad in the middle of the back. D. Apply the pads as you normally would.

A. Avoid placing the pads directly over the defibrillator.

You obtain consent from a patient before touching him to prevent which of the following? A. Battery B. Negligence C. Abandonment D. Assault

A. Battery

You and another rescuer are performing CPR on an adult. You determine there is no breathing or pulse and state "Victim has no pulse, begin CPR." Which of the following should the second rescuer do next? A. Begin chest compressions. B. Check for breathing. C. Open the airway. D. Give 2 ventilations.

A. Begin chest compressions.

When placing a blood pressure cuff on a patient's arm, ensure the bladder is centered over which artery? A. Brachial B. Femoral C. Ulnar D. Radial

A. Brachial

While performing CPR on an adult, a second trained rescuer arrives with an AED. What should you do? A. Continue CPR while the second responder turns on the AED and applies the pad. B. Stop CPR and rest while the second responder turns on the AED and applies the pads. C. Continue CPR until you have completed 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 ventilations (approximately 2 minutes), then apply the AED. D. Stop CPR and assist the second responder with the AED pad placement.

A. Continue CPR while the second responder turns on the AED and applies the pad.

Which of the following structures separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? A. Diaphragm B. Bladder C. Rib cage D. Lungs

A. Diaphragm

Which of the following is most important to keep in mind when performing a finger sweep? A. Ensuring the patient is unconscious. B. Making sure the appropriate device is available. C. Checking for foreign matter in the throat. D. Ensuring the patient is conscious.

A. Ensuring the patient is unconscious.

A patient is experiencing an opioid overdose. After giving the initial dose, how often can you repeat giving Narcan? A. Every 2-3 minutes as needed B. Every 7-9 Minutes as needed C. Every 4-6 minutes as needed D. Every 10-15 minutes as needed

A. Every 2-3 minutes as needed

You are providing care to a patient and your assessment reveals that the patient is unstable. As a general rule, you should continue to reassess how frequently? A. Every 5 minutes. B. Every 15 minutes. C. Every 20 minutes. D. Every 10 minutes.

A. Every 5 minutes.

Which method is most appropriate to use when checking an infant for responsiveness? A. Flicking the underside of the foot. B. Calling the infant by his or her name. C. Asking the parent if the infant is okay. D. Clapping your hands near the infant's ear.

A. Flicking the underside of the foot.

You are attempting to dislodge a foreign body from a conscious patient who is choking. The patient becomes unconscious. Which of the following should you do next? A. Gently lower the patient to the ground. B. Perform a finger sweep. C. Attempt to reopen the airway. D. Open the mouth.

A. Gently lower the patient to the ground.

You have assessed your patient and recognized that they are in cardiac arrest. You should begin CPR: A. Immediately B. Within 10 seconds C. When the AED is available D. Within 20 seconds

A. Immediately

You determine that a victim needs emergency oxygen because he is exhibiting signs and symptoms of hypoxia. Which of the following is most likely present? A. Increased heart rate B. Cough C. Fatigue D. Nausea

A. Increased heart rate

Upon arriving at the scene of an emergency, which of the following is your first responsibility as an emergency medical responder? A. Making sure the scene is safe. B. Keeping bystanders away from the area. C. Directing traffic away from the scene. D. Gaining access to the patient to provide care.

A. Making sure the scene is safe.

If there is a risk of the automated external defibrillator (AED) pads touching each other, such as with a small child or infant, you should: A. Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back. B. Reverse the pads' position on the chest. C. Place one pad on the stomach and one on the chest. D. Place them as usual. It does not matter if the pads touch each other.

A. Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back.

Which of the following occurs during expiration? A. Relaxation of the diaphragm. B. Movement of ribs outward. C. Expansion of the chest cavity. D. Contraction of the chest muscles.

A. Relaxation of the diaphragm.

The range of duties and skills allowed and expected to be performed describes which of the following? A. Scope of practice. B. Certification C. Prehospital care D. Protocols

A. Scope of practice.

An adult choking victim becomes unresponsive after providing abdominal thrusts. You lay the patient on the floor. The next step is to: A. Start chest compressions B. Open the airway and give 2 ventilations C. Reassess the patient for breathing and a pulse. D. Open the airway and look for an obstruction

A. Start chest compressions

You and your colleagues have been providing high-quality CPR for and using the AED on a patient in cardiac arrest. While providing ventilations, you notice movement and the patient appears to be breathing. What is the correct course of action? A. Stop CPR, check for breathing and a pulse and monitor the patient until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over. B. Stop CPR and perform a shout-tap-shout sequence to check for responsiveness. C. Continue CPR until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over. D. Wait for the AED to analyze his heart rhythm and follow the AED prompts.

A. Stop CPR, check for breathing and a pulse and monitor the patient until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over.

You are providing care for a patient who has an endotracheal tube in place. How does this affect compressions and ventilations? A. The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions. B. The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 10 seconds without pausing compressions. C. The team should provide compressions and ventilations at a ratio of 30:2. D. The team should provide compressions and ventilations at a ratio of 15:1.

A. The team should provide ventilations at a rate of 1 ventilation every 6 seconds without pausing compressions.

The rate of compressions to breaths for 2-person CPR for an adult is 15:2. A. True B. False

A. True

When changing positions during 2 rescuer CPR, the change should take place in less than 10 seconds. A. True B. False

A. True

When providing care, which of the following is the MOST IMPORTANT measure to prevent the spread of BBP? A. Use PPE during care B. Use disposable supplies such as bandages and dressings C. Ask the victim if they have an infectious disease D. Wash your hands only before providing care

A. Use PPE during care

Which of the following is the most common heart rhythm associated with sudden cardiac arrest? A. Ventricular fibrillation B. Atrial fibrillation C. Ventricular tachycardia D. Asystole

A. Ventricular fibrillation

Mode of disease transmission for the following cases: sneezing or coughing

Airborne

A review and evaluation of objective data obtained during the event

Analyze

During resuscitation, the team leader assigns team roles and tasks to each member. You recognize that a task has been overlooked. Which is the most appropriate action? A. Take on the responsibility of the task, as long as you can maintain your own responsibilities. B. Alert the team leader immediately and identify for them what task has been overlooked. C. Assign the overlooked task to another team member. D. Do the task you were assigned; wait for the team leader to realize what was overlooked.

B. Alert the team leader immediately and identify for them what task has been overlooked.

The term hazardous materials refers to which of the following? A. The probability the substance is poisonous. B. Any chemical substance or material that can pose a threat to the health, safety or property of an individual. C. The possibility of a reaction if a substance is exposed to another substance. D. The degree which a substance may ignite a fire.

B. Any chemical substance or material that can pose a threat to the health, safety or property of an individual.

You are called to the home of an elderly gentleman who has been diagnosed with a terminal illness. His family states he has an advanced directive. Your assessment reveals that the patient is not breathing. Which action would be most appropriate? A. Begin to resuscitate the patient. B. Ask the family to see the written directive. C. Tell the family there is nothing you can do. D. Call the funeral director for the family.

B. Ask the family to see the written directive.

The AED states "No Shock Advised." This means the patient is most likely in A. V-Tach B. Asystole C. V-Fib D. Sinus Rhythm

B. Asystole

Which of the following is TRUE regarding an AED? A. CAN'T be used in water B. CAN be used on a pregnant mother C. CAN'T be used on an infant under the age of 1 D. CAN be used in a moving vehicle

B. CAN be used on a pregnant mother

During 2 person CPR, the person giving ventilations should - A. Call for a stop in the compressions after every minute to check for the return of a pulse. B. Check for the effectiveness of the compressions by checking the carotid pulse. C. Count aloud to keep the person giving compressions at the correct rate. D. All of the above.

B. Check for the effectiveness of the compressions by checking the carotid pulse.

An adult patient has an OPA in place. What is the compression-to-breath ratio? A. 30:2 B. Continuous compressions, 1 breath every 5-6 seconds C. 15:2 D. Continuous compressions, 1 breath every 2-3 seconds

B. Continuous compressions, 1 breath every 5-6 seconds

You are providing care to a patient at the scene of a motor vehicle collision. The patient has a cut on his arm that is bleeding. You observe the bleeding is a steady stream oozing from the wound. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is the most important to use? A. Safety goggles. B. Disposable gloves. C. Gown D. Mask

B. Disposable gloves.

Upon entering a patient's room, you find him on the ground, unresponsive. After immediately initiating the emergency response system, what is the next action in the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival? A. Early defibrillation B. Early CPR C. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care. D. Injury prevention and safety

B. Early CPR

After immediately initiating the emergency response system, what is the next link in the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival? A. Injury prevention and safety B. Early high-quality CPR C. Early defibrillation D. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care

B. Early high-quality CPR

How should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant during CPR with 2 trained responders? A. Two fingers on the breastbone just below the nipple line. B. Encircling thumbs technique with thumbs just below the nipple line. C. Two fingers on the breastbone on the nipple line. D. Encircling thumbs technique with thumbs on nipple line.

B. Encircling thumbs technique with thumbs just below the nipple line.

You are providing care to a patient with a history of problems related to their blood glucose levels. Which of the following systems should you expect to be involved? A. Digestive B. Endocrine C. Urinary. D. Circulatory.

B. Endocrine

When administering emergency oxygen to a victim, which of the following is most important to do? A. Ensure that the oxygen cylinder is standing upright, free from any securing devices B. Ensure oxygen is flowing through the device before putting it on the victim. C. Hold on to the valve on the oxygen cylinder when dragging or rolling it. D. Apply a general purpose petroleum product to help lubricate the regulator.

B. Ensure oxygen is flowing through the device before putting it on the victim.

If an infant is crying, the airway is obstructed. A. True B. False

B. False

You CANNOT use an AED on a pregnant patient. A. True B. False

B. False

You CANNOT use an AED on someone with a pacemaker. A. True B. False

B. False

While providing care to a patient, some of the patient's body fluids inadvertently splash into your eyes. Which of the following should you do first? A. Apply an antibiotic ointment. B. Flush your eyes with clean water, saline or sterile irrigant for 20 minutes C. Rinse your eyes with a disinfectant solution. D. Wash your face with soap and water.

B. Flush your eyes with clean water, saline or sterile irrigant for 20 minutes

You pull an unconscious adult from the water and realize they are taking infrequent gasps. Which should you do next? A. Begin CPR B. Give 2 ventilations C. Take 30 seconds to monitor breathing better D. Ask for a supplemental oxygen tank

B. Give 2 ventilations

You approach the scene of an emergency and notice a strange odor and a large cloud of gas in the area of the emergency. You would suspect which of the following? A. Penetrating trauma. B. Hazardous materials. C. Explosion D. Chocking

B. Hazardous materials.

You are providing emergency care to a patient based on standing orders. You recognize this as which type of medical control? A. Immediate B. Indirect C. Online D. Direct

B. Indirect

Which of the following is least likely considered a vital organ? A. Lungs B. Kidneys C. Brain D. Heart

B. Kidneys

If there is a risk of the automated external defibrillator (AED) pads touching each other, such as with a small child or infant, you should: A. Place one pad on the stomach and one on the chest. B. Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back. C. Place them as usual. It does not matter if the pads touch each other. D. Reverse the pads' position on the chest.

B. Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back.

You are preparing to use a resuscitation mask to give ventilations. After assembling the mask, which of the following should you do next? A. Open the airway. B. Position the mask. C. Blow into the mask. D. Seal the mask.

B. Position the mask.

While preparing an AED for use, you notice a medication patch on the victim's chest. Which action is most appropriate? A. Apply one pad directly over the patch B. Remove the patch with a gloved hand C. Wipe the chest dry, avoiding the path D. Place one pad on the victim's chest and one on his or her back

B. Remove the patch with a gloved hand

As an emergency medical responder (EMR), you are expected to provide care based on a specific criteria. This is known as - A. Duty to act. B. Standard of care. C. Good faith action. D. Scope of practice.

B. Standard of care.

You are providing care to a victim who you suspect is having a heart attack. Which of the following should you do first? A. Provide comfort to the victim. B. Summon more advanced medical personnel. C. Monitor the victim's appearance. D. Loosen any tight clothing.

B. Summon more advanced medical personnel.

You believe your patient is having a heart attack. Which of the following do you do first? A. Loosen any tight clothing B. Summon more advanced personnel (call 9-1-1) C. Have the victim sit and rest D. Give them aspirin

B. Summon more advanced personnel (call 9-1-1)

The code team has arrived to take over resuscitative efforts. Among the members of the BLS team, whose role is it to communicate to the code team the patient's status and the care already provided? A. The most senior-level team member B. Team leader C. Compressor D. Timer/recorder

B. Team leader

You determine a patient is competent when he demonstrates which of the following? A. The capability to identify a health proxy B. The ability to understand questions and the implications of their decisions. C. An understanding that information shared will remain private D. A verbal or nonverbal acceptance of the treatment to be provided.

B. The ability to understand questions and the implications of their decisions.

A patient's diastolic blood pressure reflects: A. Occlusion of the pulse with compression of the brachial artery. B. The force exerted against the arteries when the heart is between contractions. C. The force of the venous walls with heart contractions. D. The appearance of the sound with the release of the air from the bulb.

B. The force exerted against the arteries when the heart is between contractions.

Which of the following is an example of disease transmission by indirect contact? A. Inhaling particles from an infected person's sneeze. B. Touching the soiled dressing of an infected patient. C. Touching an infected person's blood. D. Infected blood splashing in the eyes.

B. Touching the soiled dressing of an infected patient.

Which of the following is least likely to interfere with the accuracy of a pulse oximeter reading? A. Poor perfusion B. Victim is lying still C. Edema D. Hypothermia

B. Victim is lying still

While orienting a new medical assistant to the facility, you find a patient who is unresponsive in the exam room. You yell to the medical assistant, "Go get the AED!" Which response by the medical assistant demonstrates closed-loop communication? A. "I'll call 9-1-1." B. "Begin CPR, I'll gather the equipment. C. "I'll go get the AED." D. "OK."

C. "I'll go get the AED."

You and another provider are caring for a patient who is in cardiac arrest. You suspect that your patient has overdosed on an opioid. When should you administer intranasal naloxone? A. After an IV has been initiated B. Before initiating CPR C. After initiating CPR D. After an opioid overdose has been confirmed

C. After initiating CPR

A shock has been given by the AED. Which of the following is most appropriate to do next? A. Tell everyone to STAND CLEAR B. Re-Check Pulse and Breathing C. Begin 5 cycles of CPR D. Give 2 ventilations

C. Begin 5 cycles of CPR

You are performing CPR when a second (equally trained) rescuer arrives. Which of the following is most appropriate for the 2nd rescuer to do first? A. Call for a change in position to assist with CPR. B. Have the first rescuer stop CPR to allow reassessment of vitals C. Check to see whether more advanced medical personnel have been called. D. Begin giving ventilations.

C. Check to see whether more advanced medical personnel have been called.

While performing CPT on an adult, a second trainer rescuer arrives with an AED. What should YOU do? A. Stop CPR and assist the second responder with the AED pad placement B. Stop CPR while the second responder turns on the AED and supplies the pads C. Continue CPR while the 2nd rescuer turns on the AED and applies the pads D. Continue CPR until you have completed 5 cycles, then apply AED

C. Continue CPR while the 2nd rescuer turns on the AED and applies the pads

You are providing care to a patient at the scene of a motor vehicle collision. The patient has a cut on his arm that is bleeding. You observe the bleeding is a steady stream oozing from the wound. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is the most important to use? A. Mask B. Safety goggles. C. Disposable gloves. D. Gown

C. Disposable gloves.

Which of the following should you do first when inserting an oral airway? A. Insert the airway itself. B. Open the patient's mouth. C. Ensure the patient is unconscious. D. Select the proper sized airway by measuring from the tip of the ear to the mouth.

C. Ensure the patient is unconscious.

Which of the following would be appropriate to do while caring for an emancipated minor if the patient tells you she is fine and does not want further care? A. Inform her that if you stop care, she cannot call the EMS system later on B. Notify more advanced personnel to obtain further assistance. C. Honor her refusal, following local policies for such situations. D. Tell her you are legally required to continue to provide care until EMS arrives.

C. Honor her refusal, following local policies for such situations.

You are checking the temperature of a patient and find it to be below normal. Which prefix would you use to describe this finding? A. Hyper- B. Brady- C. Hypo- D. Tachy-

C. Hypo-

Which of the following best reflects the purpose of an ongoing assessment? A. Further assess signs and symptoms of an injury. B. Provides means of communicating with arriving medical personnel. C. Identifies changes to the patient's condition D. Identifies critical, life-threatening conditions

C. Identifies changes to the patient's condition

When possible, 2 responder ventilations with a BVM resuscitator is preferred because: A. It can allow higher ventilation volumes. B. It allows you to ventilate at a faster rate. C. It allows one responder to create and maintain a mask seal. D. It prevents the ventilator from becoming fatigued.

C. It allows one responder to create and maintain a mask seal.

A patient is unresponsive and witnesses tell you he fell from a 6 food ladder. How should you open the airway? A. Head-tilt/Chin-lift B. Leave it in the position found C. Jaw Thrust (without head extension) D. 1 hand on forehead to maintain neutral spine

C. Jaw Thrust (without head extension)

Upon arriving at the scene of an emergency, which of the following is your first responsibility as an emergency medical responder? A. Gaining access to the patient to provide care. B. Directing traffic away from the scene. C. Making sure the scene is safe. D. Keeping bystanders away from the area.

C. Making sure the scene is safe.

To ensure effective high-quality CPR for an adult, which of the following is most appropriate? A. Check for breathing and pulse every 2 minutes. B. Ventilate the patient once after 15 compressions. C. Minimize interruptions of chest compressions to less than 10 seconds. D. Provide continuous chest compressions for the first 4 minutes of CPR.

C. Minimize interruptions of chest compressions to less than 10 seconds.

If there is a chance the pads on the AED could touch, you should: A. Place one pad on the stomach instead B. Put them there anyways, doesn't matter C. Place 1 pad on the front of the chest, and one on the back D. Reverse the pad placement

C. Place 1 pad on the front of the chest, and one on the back

As an Emergency Medical Responder (EMR), you should be able to: A. Assess electrocardiograms (ECGs) B. Insert intravenous devices. C. Provide basic emergency care. D. Perform advanced airway procedures.

C. Provide basic emergency care.

The pressure gauge on an oxygen cylinder reads 200 pounds per sq. inch (psi). Which action is most appropriate? A. Lubricate the connection status. B. Attach the flowmeter. C. Replace the cylinder with a new one. D. Change the O-ring gasket.

C. Replace the cylinder with a new one.

When cardiac arrest occurs in children, it commonly results from which of the following? A. Coronary artery disease B. Myocardial infarction C. Respiratory issues/conditions D. Stroke

C. Respiratory issues/conditions

You are alone caring for a 4-month-old infant who has gone into cardiac arrest. Which is the most effective CPR technique to perform until help arrives? A. Standing to the side of the infant, provide hands-only CPR. B. Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the one-hand technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield. C. Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the two-finger technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield. D. Standing at the infant's feet, provide chest compressions using the encircling thumbs technique and deliver ventilations with a BVM.

C. Standing to the side of the infant, provide chest compressions using the two-finger technique and deliver ventilations with a pocket mask or face shield.

The first step in initial assessment is: A. Check responsiveness B. Open the airway C. Survey the scene D. Scan for severe bleeding

C. Survey the scene

You are providing high-quality CPR on a 6-year-old patient who weighs 44 pounds. The AED arrives. It does not have a pediatric setting and includes only adult AED pads. What should you do? A. Use adult pads but cut them to make them smaller. B. Use only one adult AED pad. C. Use the adult AED pads. D. Do not use the AED until child pads are available.

C. Use the adult AED pads.

Which of the following should you interpret as indicating the patient's airway is open? A. The chest rises, but does not fall. B. The voice sounds hoarse when speaking. C. You hear air coming out of the mouth and nose. D. The patient is unable to speak a full sentence.

C. You hear air coming out of the mouth and nose.

You should administer emergency oxygen to an adult victim with which of the following breathing rates? A. 12 breaths per minute B. 20 breaths per minute C. 16 breaths per minute D. 24 breaths per minute

D. 24 breaths per minute

To ensure effective chest compressions during CPR, which of the following is the most appropriate? A. Compress the chest to 1/2 inches B. Place hands directly above the victim's navel C. Place the victim on a soft, flat surface D. Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions

D. Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions

Full chest recoil is necessary for a successful resuscitation as it: A. Increases intrathoracic pressure and increases coronary blood flow. B. Allows the person doing compressions to conserve energy. C. Gives blood in the lungs time to exchange CO2 and oxygen. D. Allows blood to flow back into the heart between compressions

D. Allows blood to flow back into the heart between compressions

You are about to apply the AED pads to a victim's chest when you notice the victim has several body piercing and jewelry on their chest. Which of the following should you do? A. Wipe the chest, including the jewelry, with alcohol. B. Remove the jewelry before applying the pads. C. Use only 1 pad and apply it directly over the jewelry. D. Apply the pads to the chest, making sure to avoid the jewelry.

D. Apply the pads to the chest, making sure to avoid the jewelry.

The plane that divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior planes is called the: A. Frontal B. Sagittal C. Coronal D. Axial

D. Axial

A patient is not breathing and does not have a pulse. This may reflect a problem with which part of the nervous system? A. Cerebellum. B. Cerebrum. C. Spinal cord. D. Brainstem.

D. Brainstem.

You perform a rapid assessment and determine that your patient is experiencing cardiac arrest. On the basis of your assessment findings, you begin CPR to improve the patient's chances of survival. Which term refers to clearly and rationally identifying the connection between information and actions? A. Problem-solving B. Communication C. Teamwork D. Critical thinking

D. Critical thinking

You arrive at the scene of an emergency and are sizing up the scene. Which of the following would you identify as being the least hazardous? A. Broken glass in large and small pieces. B. Smell of gasoline. C. Downed electrical line. D. Damaged vehicle on the side of the road.

D. Damaged vehicle on the side of the road.

Which of the following is considered to be a work practice control? A. Providing biohazard containers B. Disinfecting work surfaces possibly soiled with bodily or bloody fluids C. Posting signs at entrances where infectious materials may be present D. Ensuring sharps disposable containers are available.

D. Ensuring sharps disposable containers are available.

Which of the following is an example of a Mechanism of Injury (MOI) ? A. Shock B. Abdominal pain C. Difficulty breathing D. Explosion

D. Explosion

You and another rescuer find an unconscious adult on the floor. The other rescuer goes to summon more advanced personnel. You complete a primary assessment and find the victim has a pulse but is not breathing. Which of the following should you do next? A. Perform a finger sweep of the mouth. B. Give the victim back blows and chest thrusts. C. Begin CPR. D. Give 1 ventilation every 5 seconds.

D. Give 1 ventilation every 5 seconds.

When communicating with medical control, which of the following should you do first? A. Give the patient a chief complaint B. Inform the physician of any changes in the patient's condition C. Report the patient's mental status. D. Identify yourself.

D. Identify yourself.

When communicating with medical control, which of the following should you do first? A. Give the patient's chief complaint. B. Inform of any changes in the patient's condition. C. Report the patient's mental status. D. Identify yourself.

D. Identify yourself.

Any body part that is toward the midline of the body is called - A. Proximal B. Lateral C. Inferior D. Medial

D. Medial

You are preparing to administer emergency oxygen to a patient. Your assessment reveals the patient has a nasal injury. Which delivery device is least appropriate to use for this patient? A. Resuscitation mask. B. Bag-valve-mask resuscitator. C. Non-rebreather mask. D. Nasal Cannula.

D. Nasal Cannula.

Which method is most appropriate to determine that ventilations given with a bag-valve-mask (BVM) are effective? A. Listening for air to escape through the victim's mouth B. Watching for movement of the victim's body. C. Noting air being exhaled through the victim's nose D. Observing the victim's chest clearly rising

D. Observing the victim's chest clearly rising

An automated external defibrillator (AED) indicates "No Shock Advised." Which of the following is most appropriate to do next? A. Readjust the pad placement. B. Turn the AED off for 5 seconds and try again. C. Monitor the victim's airway and breathing. D. Perform CPR for about 2 minutes.

D. Perform CPR for about 2 minutes.

When providing ventilations for an adult patient in cardiac arrest with an advanced airway in place: A. Provide 30 chest compressions, then pause to allow for 2 ventilations. B. Provide continuous compressions with 1 ventilation every 8 to 10 seconds. C. Ventilations are not required with an advanced airway in place. D. Provide continuous compressions with 1 ventilations every 6 seconds.

D. Provide continuous compressions with 1 ventilations every 6 seconds.

What is the FIRST step after connecting the AED pads to the patient? A. Turn the machine ON B. Finish the 30 compressions of CPR C. Wipe the victim's chest dry D. Tell everyone to "STAND CLEAR"

D. Tell everyone to "STAND CLEAR"

When using an Automated External Defibrillator (AED), which of the following should you do immediately after attaching the AED pads to the victim's chest? A. Push the Analyze button. B. Wipe the victim's chest dry. C. Turn on the AED. D. Tell everyone to "Stand Clear"

D. Tell everyone to "Stand Clear"

A patient has sustained a musculoskeletal injury involving the structure that attaches muscle to bone. Which structure would this be? A. Fibers B. Ligament C. Connective tissue (CT) D. Tendon

D. Tendon

Which statement most accurately reflects a variable flow oxygen system? A. The system is preassembled. B. The flow rate has a high or low setting. C. It is less practical than other types of systems. D. The flow rate can be adjusted for use with different delivery devices.

D. The flow rate can be adjusted for use with different delivery devices.

After giving ventilations with a resuscitation mask, the victim suddenly vomits. Which of the following should you do first? A. Reposition the victim's head to reopen the airway. B. Clear the airway of the vomit immediately. C. Use greater force when ventilating to bypass the vomit. D. Turn the victim as a unit onto his or her side.

D. Turn the victim as a unit onto his or her side.

You and several fellow EMRs had responded to a multiple casualty incident several days ago. You suspect one of your colleagues may be experiencing critical incident stress when he exhibits which of the following? A. Increased attention span B. Enhanced concentration C. Heightened job performance. D. Unusually excessive silence.

D. Unusually excessive silence.

The Pre-hospital Care Report (PCR) is: A. Not to be used for legal purposes. B. Always electronic. C. Filled out by the patient or a family member. D. Used to keep medical personnel informed so they can provide appropriate continuity of care.

D. Used to keep medical personnel informed so they can provide appropriate continuity of care.

Which of the following is the most common heart rhythm associated with sudden cardiac arrest? A. Sinus rhythm B. Atrial fibrillation C. Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) D. Ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib)

D. Ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib)

Mode of disease transmission for the following cases: Needle stick

Direct-contact

All employers whose employees have a potential to be exposed to bloodborne pathogens must have a(n) ________ in place, which must prove how the employer will handle any potential problems

Exposure Control Plan

Mode of disease transmission for the following cases: Lyme disease

Vector-borne

Isolated or infrequent gasping for air is defined as [a], and occurs in the [b] (absence or presence) of normal breathing in an unconscious patient. These breaths are considered a sign of [c] arrest.

[a] agonal breathing [b] absence [c] cardiac

When you suspect a patient is having a heart attack, there are 2 medications that are indicated to give immediately. The medication indicated to use to thin the blood is [a] and the medication used to dilate the coronary arteries is [b].

[a] aspirin [b] nitroglycerin

When a patient is removed from the water, emergency responders should assume the nature of the cardiac arrest was the result of drowning and the patient is [a]. The sequence of care is different than other cardiac arrest victims without a pulse. The sequence of care should begin with [b] to suspected drowning victims of all ages if there is no breathing or only gasping, and no pulse.

[a] hypoxic [b] 2 ventilations