EMT 29 30 31 32
a person's ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below
90 degrees F
contraction or tensing of the abdominal muscles in an effort to ease pain is called
Guarding
during your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt trauma to the abdomen, you notice bruising around the
INTRA ABDOMINAL BLEEDING
a 45 year old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert, but complains of pain to both of her knees. there is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. in addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees. You should be most suspicious for
Posterior Hip dislocation
you should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with
a hematoma in the flank region
in order to avoid exacerbating a patient's injury, it is important to use extreme caution when providing positive pressure ventilations to patients with
a pneumothorax
compared to adults, infants and children are at higher risk for hypothermia for all of the following reasons except
a relatively small surface area
the most prominent symptom of decompression sickness is
abdominal or joint pain
while jogging, a 19 year old male experienced onset of shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain. he is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Your assessment reveals that he has diminished breath sounds over the left side of his chest. You should:
administer oxygen and transport to the hospital
a 37 year old male was pinned between a flatbed truck and a loading dock. On exam you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging, you shouldn
aggressively manage his airway
which of the following is most likely to cause immediate death
aortic rupture
with regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the
area of soft tissue damage surrounding the injury
3 patients: 1. supine, unresponsive and appears to not be breathing 2. ambulatory, appears confused and holding arm against his chest 3. sitting on the ground holding the sides of his head after calling for back up you should
assess the unresponsive patient's pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions if he is pulseless and attach the AED as soon as possible
during your assessment of a patient with blunt chest trauma, you note that the patient has shallow breathing and paradoxical movement of the left chest wall. You should
assist with ventilations with a BVM
the musculoskeletal system refers to the
bones and voluntary muscles of the body
when caring for a patient with possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should
carefully access the patient for breathing problems
you are transporting a patient with blunt abdominal trauma.the patient is Unstabled and experiencing obvious symptoms of shock. ETA to a hospital is less than 10 minutes. after treating the patient appropriately, you should
clearly monitor him and reassess him frequently
which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct
compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hours after an injury
when a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70 degrees F, heat is transferred from the hand to the water through a process called
conduction
33 year old female sexually assaulted. you note an impressive amount of blood on her clothes on the groin area. BP: 98/58 mm HG pulse: 130 beats. min and respirations 24 breaths/ min. YOU SHOULD
control any external bleeding, administer oxygen and transport at once
the most significant hazard associated with splinting is
delaying transport of a critically injured patient
the thoracic cavity is separated from the abdomen by the
diaphragm
which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would most likely result in deformity
displaced fracture
a colles fracture involves a fracature of the
distal radius
accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will most likely cause
distension
when a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen, it is known as
guarding
covering a patient's ________ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss
head
in which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?
if resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain
you find the patient lying supine on the floor, with severely labored breathing. Further assessment reveals a large bruise to the left anterior chest, JVD, absent breath sounds. As your partner is supporting her ventilations you should
immediately request ALS support
which of the following is true regarding injury to the kidneys?
injury to the kidneys usually inidcates injury to other organs
you are transporting a 42 year old male who experienced blunt abdominal trauma. He is receiving oxygen at 12L min via a non rebreathing mask and full spinal precautions have been applied. During your reassessment, you note his level of consciousness has decreased and his respirations have become shallow. You should
insert an airway adjunct if he will tolerate it and begin assisted ventilations with a BVM
50 year old female removed from vehicle prior to your arrival. She was not wearing a seatbelt. the patient is UNRESPONSIVE, TACHYCARDIC AND DIAPHORETIC your assessment reveals bilaterally clear and equal breath sounds, a midline trachea and collapsed jugular veins. You should be most suspicious that this patient has experienced a
laceration of the aorta
bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is most suggestive of injury to the
liver
which of the following organs would most likely bleed profusely when injured
liver
53 year old diabetic patient lying down on his front porch. his wife tells you that he had been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. the patient is confused and has hot moist skin. his pulse is weak and thready. and his blood pressure is 90/50 mmhg you should
load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions
which of the following is an early sign of pit viper envenomation
local swelling and ecchymosis
when a person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm
may rise as high as the nipple line
the venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the
nervous system
your documentation on a sexual assault victim should be
objective and factual
when should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient
only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury
you have sealed the open chest wound of a 40 year old male who was stabbed in the anterior chest. Your reassessment reveals that he is experiencing increasing respiratory distress and tachycardia and developing cyanosis. You should:
partially remove the dressing
a fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with disease such as cancer and osteroporosis is called a _____________ fracture
pathologic
which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient's life?
pelvic fracture with hypotension
a 77 year old woman fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. she denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that it is shortened and externally rotated. Distal pulses, sensory and motor functions are intact. you should
place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps
The EMT must assume that nay unwitnessed water related incident is accompanied by
possible spinal injury
immediate life threatening chest injuries must be found and managed during the
primary assessment
you are transporting a 28 year old man with a frostbitten foot. the patient's vital signs are stable and he denies any other injuries or symptoms. the weather is treacherous and your transport time to the hospital is approximately 45 minutes. During transport, you should
protect the affected part from further injury
a patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury
requires prompt ventilation and oxygenation
a 20 year old male collided with another player during a hockey game and complains of severe pain to the left shoulder. Assessment reveals that the clavicle is bulging anteriorly at the shoulder. The EMT should suspect:
separation of the acromioclavicular joint
assuming that no obvious signs of intra abdominal injury are present, which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause an injury to the liver or spleen to be overlooked
shoulder fracture
you respond to a local lake where a diver complains of difficulty breathing that occured immediately after rapidly ascending from a depth of approximately 30 feet. On assessment, you note that he has cyanosis around his lips and has pink froth coming fro, his nose and mouth. you should
suction his mouth and nose, apply high flow oxygen, monitor breath sounds for pneumothorax
patients with chest injuries will often present with
tachypnea
skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough rope like fibrous structures called
tendons
which of the following MOST accurately describes hypothermia
the body is exposed to more heat that it can lose
an air embolism with diving occurs when
the diver holds his or her breath during a rapid ascent
elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when
the intercostal muscles contract
in general musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless
the patient is clinically unstable
which of the following statements regarding abdominal eviscerations is correct?
the protruding organs should be kept warm and moist
pleural fluid is contained between the
visceral and parietal plurae
heat loss from the body through respiration occurs when
warm air is exhaled into the atmosphere