EMT 29 30 31 32

a person's ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below

90 degrees F

contraction or tensing of the abdominal muscles in an effort to ease pain is called

Guarding

during your assessment of a patient who experienced blunt trauma to the abdomen, you notice bruising around the

INTRA ABDOMINAL BLEEDING

a 45 year old female was the unrestrained passenger of a small car that rear ended another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. She is conscious and alert, but complains of pain to both of her knees. there is visible damage to the dashboard on the passenger's side of the vehicle. in addition to fractures or dislocations of the knees. You should be most suspicious for

Posterior Hip dislocation

you should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with

a hematoma in the flank region

in order to avoid exacerbating a patient's injury, it is important to use extreme caution when providing positive pressure ventilations to patients with

a pneumothorax

compared to adults, infants and children are at higher risk for hypothermia for all of the following reasons except

a relatively small surface area

the most prominent symptom of decompression sickness is

abdominal or joint pain

while jogging, a 19 year old male experienced onset of shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain. he is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. Your assessment reveals that he has diminished breath sounds over the left side of his chest. You should:

administer oxygen and transport to the hospital

a 37 year old male was pinned between a flatbed truck and a loading dock. On exam you find bruising to the chest, distended neck veins, bilaterally diminished breath sounds and bilateral scleral hemorrhaging, you shouldn

aggressively manage his airway

which of the following is most likely to cause immediate death

aortic rupture

with regard to musculoskeletal injuries, the zone of injury is defined as the

area of soft tissue damage surrounding the injury

3 patients: 1. supine, unresponsive and appears to not be breathing 2. ambulatory, appears confused and holding arm against his chest 3. sitting on the ground holding the sides of his head after calling for back up you should

assess the unresponsive patient's pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions if he is pulseless and attach the AED as soon as possible

during your assessment of a patient with blunt chest trauma, you note that the patient has shallow breathing and paradoxical movement of the left chest wall. You should

assist with ventilations with a BVM

the musculoskeletal system refers to the

bones and voluntary muscles of the body

when caring for a patient with possible fracture of the scapula, the EMT should

carefully access the patient for breathing problems

you are transporting a patient with blunt abdominal trauma.the patient is Unstabled and experiencing obvious symptoms of shock. ETA to a hospital is less than 10 minutes. after treating the patient appropriately, you should

clearly monitor him and reassess him frequently

which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct

compartment syndrome typically develops within 6 to 12 hours after an injury

when a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70 degrees F, heat is transferred from the hand to the water through a process called

conduction

33 year old female sexually assaulted. you note an impressive amount of blood on her clothes on the groin area. BP: 98/58 mm HG pulse: 130 beats. min and respirations 24 breaths/ min. YOU SHOULD

control any external bleeding, administer oxygen and transport at once

the most significant hazard associated with splinting is

delaying transport of a critically injured patient

the thoracic cavity is separated from the abdomen by the

diaphragm

which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would most likely result in deformity

displaced fracture

a colles fracture involves a fracature of the

distal radius

accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will most likely cause

distension

when a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen, it is known as

guarding

covering a patient's ________ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss

head

in which of the following situations should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity?

if resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain

you find the patient lying supine on the floor, with severely labored breathing. Further assessment reveals a large bruise to the left anterior chest, JVD, absent breath sounds. As your partner is supporting her ventilations you should

immediately request ALS support

which of the following is true regarding injury to the kidneys?

injury to the kidneys usually inidcates injury to other organs

you are transporting a 42 year old male who experienced blunt abdominal trauma. He is receiving oxygen at 12L min via a non rebreathing mask and full spinal precautions have been applied. During your reassessment, you note his level of consciousness has decreased and his respirations have become shallow. You should

insert an airway adjunct if he will tolerate it and begin assisted ventilations with a BVM

50 year old female removed from vehicle prior to your arrival. She was not wearing a seatbelt. the patient is UNRESPONSIVE, TACHYCARDIC AND DIAPHORETIC your assessment reveals bilaterally clear and equal breath sounds, a midline trachea and collapsed jugular veins. You should be most suspicious that this patient has experienced a

laceration of the aorta

bruising to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen following blunt trauma is most suggestive of injury to the

liver

which of the following organs would most likely bleed profusely when injured

liver

53 year old diabetic patient lying down on his front porch. his wife tells you that he had been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. the patient is confused and has hot moist skin. his pulse is weak and thready. and his blood pressure is 90/50 mmhg you should

load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions

which of the following is an early sign of pit viper envenomation

local swelling and ecchymosis

when a person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm

may rise as high as the nipple line

the venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the

nervous system

your documentation on a sexual assault victim should be

objective and factual

when should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient

only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury

you have sealed the open chest wound of a 40 year old male who was stabbed in the anterior chest. Your reassessment reveals that he is experiencing increasing respiratory distress and tachycardia and developing cyanosis. You should:

partially remove the dressing

a fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with disease such as cancer and osteroporosis is called a _____________ fracture

pathologic

which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would pose the greatest threat to a patient's life?

pelvic fracture with hypotension

a 77 year old woman fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. she denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that it is shortened and externally rotated. Distal pulses, sensory and motor functions are intact. you should

place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps

The EMT must assume that nay unwitnessed water related incident is accompanied by

possible spinal injury

immediate life threatening chest injuries must be found and managed during the

primary assessment

you are transporting a 28 year old man with a frostbitten foot. the patient's vital signs are stable and he denies any other injuries or symptoms. the weather is treacherous and your transport time to the hospital is approximately 45 minutes. During transport, you should

protect the affected part from further injury

a patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury

requires prompt ventilation and oxygenation

a 20 year old male collided with another player during a hockey game and complains of severe pain to the left shoulder. Assessment reveals that the clavicle is bulging anteriorly at the shoulder. The EMT should suspect:

separation of the acromioclavicular joint

assuming that no obvious signs of intra abdominal injury are present, which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause an injury to the liver or spleen to be overlooked

shoulder fracture

you respond to a local lake where a diver complains of difficulty breathing that occured immediately after rapidly ascending from a depth of approximately 30 feet. On assessment, you note that he has cyanosis around his lips and has pink froth coming fro, his nose and mouth. you should

suction his mouth and nose, apply high flow oxygen, monitor breath sounds for pneumothorax

patients with chest injuries will often present with

tachypnea

skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough rope like fibrous structures called

tendons

which of the following MOST accurately describes hypothermia

the body is exposed to more heat that it can lose

an air embolism with diving occurs when

the diver holds his or her breath during a rapid ascent

elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when

the intercostal muscles contract

in general musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless

the patient is clinically unstable

which of the following statements regarding abdominal eviscerations is correct?

the protruding organs should be kept warm and moist

pleural fluid is contained between the

visceral and parietal plurae

heat loss from the body through respiration occurs when

warm air is exhaled into the atmosphere