EMT Chapter 1&2

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

(NHTSA)

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

(The protection of patient privacy). Federal legislation passed in 1996. It's main effect in EMS is in limiting availability of patients' healthcare information and penalizing violations of patient privacy.

Advanced Life Support(ALS)

Advanced life-saving procedures, some of which are now being provided by the EMT.

Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)

An (Act) that was created in 1990 that protects individuals who have a disability from being denied access to programs and services that are provided by state or local government's and prohibits employers from failing to provide for an equal employment to the disabled.

Public Safety Access Point

An emergency communication Center that dispatches fire, police, rescue, and EMS units that can be reached by calling 911.

Certification

An exam that is used to ensure that all healthcare providers have at least the same basic level of knowledge and skill.

EMT

Are the backbone of the EMS system in the United States.

Online medical control

Consists of direction given over the phone or radio directly from the medical director or designated physician. The medical direction can be transferred by the physicians Designee; it does not have to be transferred by the physician himself or herself.

Off-line medical control

Consists of standing orders, training, and supervision authorized by the medical director. Each EMT must know and follow the protocols developed by his or her medical director.

1966

EMS as we know it today had it's origins in what year? With the publication of Accidental Death and Disability.

Medical Director

Each EMS system has a physician who authorizes the EMTs in the service to provide medical care in the field, and is known as?

Public Health

Examines the health needs of entire populations with the goal of preventing health problems.

Primary Prevention

Focuses on strategies that will prevent the event from ever happening.

Paramedic

Has extensive training in (ALS), including endotracheal intubation, emergency pharmacology, cardiac monitoring, and other advanced assessment and treatment skills.

EMT

Has training in basic life support(BLS), including automated external defibrillation, use of airway adjuncts, and assisting patients with certain medications.

AEMT

Has training in specific aspects of advanced life support(ALS), such as intravenous (IV) therapy and the administration of certain emergency medications.

EMR

Has very basic medical training and provides care before the ambulance arrives, and may also perform in an assistant role with in the ambulance.

AEMT

Help to fill the gap by providing limited (ALS) care to regions where paramedics are not available.

1. Medical Direction(Day to day) 2. State EMS Offices (EMS administration, regulatory role, legislative liaison role) 3. National EMS Scope of Practice Model(Theoretical Foundation)

Hierarchies of the National EMS Scope of Practice Model?

Emergency medical responder(EMR), emergency medical technician(EMT), Advanced EMT(AEMT), and paramedic.

In most states, individuals who work on an ambulance are categorized into four training and licensure levels:

Continuous Quality Improvement(CQI)

Is a circular system of continuous internal and external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system.

EMS

Is a part of the fire department. In others, it is a part of the police department or is an independent public or private service.

Medical Control

Is either off-line (indirect) or online (direct), as authorized by the medical director.

Licensure

Is how states control who is allowed to perform as a health care provider.

Primary Service Area(PSA) or Sector

Is the main area in which an EMS agency operates.

Integration of Health Services

Means that the prehospital care you administer is coordinated with the care administered at the hospital.

1. Scene size-up 2. Patient assessment 3. Treatment 4. Packaging 5. EMS as a career

Some of the patients you will eventually treat or in life-threatening situations, where as others require only supportive care. 5 skills needed to safely deliver this care are:

Emergency medical services(EMS)

System consists of team of healthcare professionals who, in each area or jurisdiction, are responsible for and provide emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured.

1. Public Access 2. Clinical Care 3. Medical Direction 4. Integration of Health Services 5. Information Systems 6. Prevention 7. EMS Research 8. Communication Systems 9. Human Resources 10. Legislation and Regulation 11. Evaluation 12. System Finance 13. Public Education 14. Education Systems

The 14 components of an EMS system.

The Star of Life

The National Highway Transportation Safety Administration(NHTSA) recognized the need for a symbol that would represent EMS as a critical public service also known as: 1. Detection 2. Reporting 3. Response 4. On-scene care 5. Care in Transit 6. Transfer to definitive

The White Paper

The Neglected Disease of Modern Society, known more commonly as what? was prepared jointly by the Committees on Trauma and Shock of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council, revealed to the public in Congress the serious inadequacy of prehospital emergency care and transportation in many areas.

Intravenous (IV) Therapy

The delivery of medication directly into a vein.

Secondary Prevention

The event has already happened. The question is how can we decrease the effects of the event.

Quality Control

The responsibility of the medical director and ensures that all staff members who are involved in caring for patients meet appropriate medical care standards on each call.

Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

These remarkable devices, some no larger than a cellular phone, detect treatable life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia) and deliver the appropriate electrical shock to the patient.

Paramedic

This course ranges from 800 to more than 1500 hrs. usually equally divided between classroom and internship training. Increasingly, this training is offered within The context of an associates degree or bachelors degree college program.

EMT

This course requires approximately 150 hours(more in some states) and includes the essential knowledge and skills required to provide basic emergency care in the field.

National EMS Scope of Practice Model

This document provides overarching guidelines as to what skills each level of EMS provider should be able to accomplish.

1. High school diploma or equivalent. 2. Proof of immunization against certain communicable diseases. 3. Valid drivers license. 4. Successful completion of a recognized healthcare provider basic life support(BLS)/cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) course. 5. Successful completion of a state approved EMT course. 6. Successful completion of a state recognized written certification examination. 7. Successful completion of a state recognized practical certification examination. 8. Demonstrating that you can meet the mental and physical criteria necessary to be able to safely and properly perform all the task and functions described in the defined role of an EMT. 9. Compliance with other state, local, and employer provisions.

To be recognized and perform as an EMT, you must meet certain meet certain requirements. Generally, the criteria to be licensed and employed as an EMT will include the following:

Emergency Medical Dispatch(EMD)

Was developed to assist dispatchers in providing callers with the vital instructions to help them deal with a medical emergency until the arrival of EMS crews.