EMT Quiz - Chapters 31-32 (2016)
A persons ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below
90°F
Signs of late heat stroke include
A weak rapid pulse
Patients with generalized hypothermia are at an increased risk of a local cold injury because
Blood is shunted away from The extremities to the body's core
A fracture is most accurately defined as a
Break in the continuity of a bone
Atrophy is a condition that occurs when
Muscle decreases in size and function because of disease or trauma
Common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following
Nausea, headache, tachycardia
Which of the following scenarios is an example of direct injury
Passenger fractured her patella after it strikes the dashboard
The musculoskeletal system refers to the
bones and voluntary muscles of the body.
Hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature falls below
95°F
Heat stroke occurs when
A persons core body temperature raises above 103°F
To assess the patient's general temperature, Pull back on your glove and place the back of your hand on his or her skin at the
Abdomen
You receive a call to a local gymnasium for a basketball player with a disc located shoulder. Upon arrival, you find the patient, a 17-year-old male, sitting on the ground. He is holding his left arm in a fixed position away from his body. There is an obvious answer your bulge to the area of injury. You should
Assess distal pulses, motor, and sensory functions
A 30-year-old male was rescued after being lost in the woods for approximately 18 hours. The outside temperature is 30°F. He is immediately placed into the warm ambulance, Where you perform a primary assessment. He is unconscious, pale, and apneic
Assess for a carotid pulse for up to 45 seconds
Assessing a persons neurovascular status following A musculoskeletal injury includes all of the following
Assessing motor function, assessing sensory function, and determining capillary refill
The venom of a brown recluse spider is cytotoxic meaning that it
Causes severe local tissue damage
The most commonly fractured bone in the body is the
Clavicle
When assessing a patient with a possible fracture of the leg, the EMT should
Compare it to the uninjured leg
When a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70°F, heat is transfered from the hand to the water through a process called
Conduction
A 54-year-old male accidentally shot himself in the leg while cleaning his gun. Your assessment reveals a small entrance wound to the medial aspect of his right leg. The exit wound is on the opposite side of the leg and is actively bleeding. The patient complains of numbness and tingling in his right foot. You should
Control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing
High air temperature reduces the bodies ability to lose heat by
Convection
The transfer of heat to circulating air, such as when cool air moves across the body surface is called
Convection
Drowning is most accurately defined as
Death from suffocation after submersion in water
The disruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact is called a
Dislocation
When the body loses sweat, it also loses
Electrolytes
The body's natural cooling mechanism, in which sweat is converted to a gas, is called
Evaporation
Geriatric patients, newborns, and infants are especially prone to hyperthermia because they
Exhibit poor thermoregulation
Extremes in temperature and humidity are needed to produce hot or cold injuries
False
If you are unsure as to determine a hypothermic patient has a pulse present, palpate the carotid artery for 15 to 20 seconds
False
Text should be removed by firmly grasping them with tweezers while rotating counterclockwise
False
The strongest stimulus for breathing is an elevation of oxygen in the blood
False
Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize insecure fractures of the
Femur
Covering a patient's ______ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss
Head
The least common but most serious illness caused by heat exposure, occurring when the body is subjected to more heat than it could handle and normal mechanisms for getting rid of the excess heat are overwhelmed is
Heat stroke
A 17-year-old football player collided with another player and has pain to his left clavicular area. He is holding his arm against his chest and refuses to move it. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity to the mid shift clavicle. After assessing distal pulses, sensory, motor functions, you should
Immobilize the injury with a sling and swath
Which of the following statements regarding lightning strikes is correct
Lightning often results in a brief period of asystole that resolves spontaneously
You receive a call to a residence for sick a patient. Upon your arrival, you find the patient, a 53-year-old diabetic male, laying facedown on his front porch. His wife tells you that he has been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. The patient is confused and has hot, moist skin. His pulse is weak and thready, and his blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should
Load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions
Which of the following is is an early sign of a pit viper envenomation
Local swelling and ecchymosis
A 77-year-old woman slipped and fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. She denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that is short and an X ternal he rotated. Distal pulses, sensory, and motor functions are intact. You should
Manually stabilize her left leg, apply a traction splint, and then secure her to a long backboard or school
Fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a ______ fracture
Pathologic
Which of the following fractures has the greatest potential for internal blood loss and shock
Pelvis
The EMT must assume that any unwitnessed water related incident is accompanied by
Possible spinal injury
The primary purpose for splinting a musculoskeletal injury is to
Prevent further injury
A 20-year-old male was pulled from Cold water by his friends. The length of his emotion is not known and was not witnessed. You perform a primary assessment and determine that the patient is apneic and has a slow, weak pulse. You should
Provide rescue breathing, remove wet clothing, immobilize his spine, keep him warm, and transport carefully
Treatment of drowning and/or near drowning begins with
Rescue and removal from the water
Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain
Skeletal
While drinking beer with his friends near a creek, a 31-year-old male was but in on the leg by an unidentified snake. The patient is Conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. Your assessment of his leg reveals two small puncture marks with minimal pain and swelling. In addition to administering oxygen and providing reassurance, for the care for this patient should include
Supine positioning, splinting the leg, and transporting
Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough broke like fibrous structures called
Tendons
Which of the following most accurately describes hyperthermia
The body is exposed to more heat than it can lose
An open fracture is most accurately defined as a fracture in which
The overlying skin is no longer intact
In general musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless
The patient is clinically unstable
Most of the serious injuries associated with scuba diving is caused by
Too rapid of an ascent
Immediate bradycardia after jumping into Coldwater is called diving reflex
True
Potential safety hazards in the environment can include wet grass, mud, or icy streets
True
The body's natural protective mechanisms against heat loss are
Vasoconstriction and shivering
Bone marrow produces
blood cells
When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed
in a functional position
In order for sweating to be an effective cooling mechanism
it must be able to evaporate from the body
The venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the
nervous sytem
Burns associated with lightning strikes are typically
superficial
Rough handling of a hypothermic patient with a pulse may cause
ventricular fibrillation