EMT Quiz - Chapters 31-32 (2016)

A persons ability to shiver is lost when his or her body temperature falls below

90°F

Signs of late heat stroke include

A weak rapid pulse

Patients with generalized hypothermia are at an increased risk of a local cold injury because

Blood is shunted away from The extremities to the body's core

A fracture is most accurately defined as a

Break in the continuity of a bone

Atrophy is a condition that occurs when

Muscle decreases in size and function because of disease or trauma

Common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following

Nausea, headache, tachycardia

Which of the following scenarios is an example of direct injury

Passenger fractured her patella after it strikes the dashboard

The musculoskeletal system refers to the

bones and voluntary muscles of the body.

Hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature falls below

95°F

Heat stroke occurs when

A persons core body temperature raises above 103°F

To assess the patient's general temperature, Pull back on your glove and place the back of your hand on his or her skin at the

Abdomen

You receive a call to a local gymnasium for a basketball player with a disc located shoulder. Upon arrival, you find the patient, a 17-year-old male, sitting on the ground. He is holding his left arm in a fixed position away from his body. There is an obvious answer your bulge to the area of injury. You should

Assess distal pulses, motor, and sensory functions

A 30-year-old male was rescued after being lost in the woods for approximately 18 hours. The outside temperature is 30°F. He is immediately placed into the warm ambulance, Where you perform a primary assessment. He is unconscious, pale, and apneic

Assess for a carotid pulse for up to 45 seconds

Assessing a persons neurovascular status following A musculoskeletal injury includes all of the following

Assessing motor function, assessing sensory function, and determining capillary refill

The venom of a brown recluse spider is cytotoxic meaning that it

Causes severe local tissue damage

The most commonly fractured bone in the body is the

Clavicle

When assessing a patient with a possible fracture of the leg, the EMT should

Compare it to the uninjured leg

When a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70°F, heat is transfered from the hand to the water through a process called

Conduction

A 54-year-old male accidentally shot himself in the leg while cleaning his gun. Your assessment reveals a small entrance wound to the medial aspect of his right leg. The exit wound is on the opposite side of the leg and is actively bleeding. The patient complains of numbness and tingling in his right foot. You should

Control the bleeding and cover the wound with a sterile dressing

High air temperature reduces the bodies ability to lose heat by

Convection

The transfer of heat to circulating air, such as when cool air moves across the body surface is called

Convection

Drowning is most accurately defined as

Death from suffocation after submersion in water

The disruption of a joint in which the bone ends are no longer in contact is called a

Dislocation

When the body loses sweat, it also loses

Electrolytes

The body's natural cooling mechanism, in which sweat is converted to a gas, is called

Evaporation

Geriatric patients, newborns, and infants are especially prone to hyperthermia because they

Exhibit poor thermoregulation

Extremes in temperature and humidity are needed to produce hot or cold injuries

False

If you are unsure as to determine a hypothermic patient has a pulse present, palpate the carotid artery for 15 to 20 seconds

False

Text should be removed by firmly grasping them with tweezers while rotating counterclockwise

False

The strongest stimulus for breathing is an elevation of oxygen in the blood

False

Traction splints are used primarily to immobilize insecure fractures of the

Femur

Covering a patient's ______ will significantly minimize radiation heat loss

Head

The least common but most serious illness caused by heat exposure, occurring when the body is subjected to more heat than it could handle and normal mechanisms for getting rid of the excess heat are overwhelmed is

Heat stroke

A 17-year-old football player collided with another player and has pain to his left clavicular area. He is holding his arm against his chest and refuses to move it. Your assessment reveals obvious deformity to the mid shift clavicle. After assessing distal pulses, sensory, motor functions, you should

Immobilize the injury with a sling and swath

Which of the following statements regarding lightning strikes is correct

Lightning often results in a brief period of asystole that resolves spontaneously

You receive a call to a residence for sick a patient. Upon your arrival, you find the patient, a 53-year-old diabetic male, laying facedown on his front porch. His wife tells you that he has been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. The patient is confused and has hot, moist skin. His pulse is weak and thready, and his blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg. In addition to administering 100% oxygen, you should

Load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions

Which of the following is is an early sign of a pit viper envenomation

Local swelling and ecchymosis

A 77-year-old woman slipped and fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. She denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that is short and an X ternal he rotated. Distal pulses, sensory, and motor functions are intact. You should

Manually stabilize her left leg, apply a traction splint, and then secure her to a long backboard or school

Fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a ______ fracture

Pathologic

Which of the following fractures has the greatest potential for internal blood loss and shock

Pelvis

The EMT must assume that any unwitnessed water related incident is accompanied by

Possible spinal injury

The primary purpose for splinting a musculoskeletal injury is to

Prevent further injury

A 20-year-old male was pulled from Cold water by his friends. The length of his emotion is not known and was not witnessed. You perform a primary assessment and determine that the patient is apneic and has a slow, weak pulse. You should

Provide rescue breathing, remove wet clothing, immobilize his spine, keep him warm, and transport carefully

Treatment of drowning and/or near drowning begins with

Rescue and removal from the water

Which of the following types of muscle is under direct voluntary control of the brain

Skeletal

While drinking beer with his friends near a creek, a 31-year-old male was but in on the leg by an unidentified snake. The patient is Conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. Your assessment of his leg reveals two small puncture marks with minimal pain and swelling. In addition to administering oxygen and providing reassurance, for the care for this patient should include

Supine positioning, splinting the leg, and transporting

Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough broke like fibrous structures called

Tendons

Which of the following most accurately describes hyperthermia

The body is exposed to more heat than it can lose

An open fracture is most accurately defined as a fracture in which

The overlying skin is no longer intact

In general musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless

The patient is clinically unstable

Most of the serious injuries associated with scuba diving is caused by

Too rapid of an ascent

Immediate bradycardia after jumping into Coldwater is called diving reflex

True

Potential safety hazards in the environment can include wet grass, mud, or icy streets

True

The body's natural protective mechanisms against heat loss are

Vasoconstriction and shivering

Bone marrow produces

blood cells

When splinting an injury of the wrist, the hand should be placed

in a functional position

In order for sweating to be an effective cooling mechanism

it must be able to evaporate from the body

The venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the

nervous sytem

Burns associated with lightning strikes are typically

superficial

Rough handling of a hypothermic patient with a pulse may cause

ventricular fibrillation