English 4B Unit 6
Expository Essay
(informational) purpose is to explain; may be formal or informal
Which sentence is a concession (agreement) for the opposing view?
7^ In fact, statistics show that this idea and trend are true.
Entertainment can be found in physical activities or sports. _____, ping-pong or tennis can be a two-player physical activity with competition.
For example
Most people who have a degree get paid higher wages than those who don't. _____, I have several relatives without a college degree who have lower-paying jobs even though they have much experience in their fields of work.
For instance
Susan thought about going swimming after school. _____, she decided to run laps down at the track field.
Instead
non sequitur
Latin for "it does not follow;" when a conclusion does not follow the reasoning
What would be a good argument against having a required parenting class?
The information about children's needs and abuse could be inserted into another required course like psychology.
___________ deciding to go to college, a student should ___________ decide which talents and interests he has.
When; first
Argumentative Essay
a formal persuasive text that includes evidence and counterarguments
The Federalist Papers included arguments for the Constitution including counterarguments _____ the position of keeping the Articles of Confederation.
against
This quote is an example of _______. From a deficiency in this particular, one of two evils must ensue; either the people must be subjected to continual plunder, as a substitute for a more eligible mode of supplying the public wants, or the government must sink into a fatal atrophy, and, in a short course of time, perish.
all of these (a false dilemma; using a fear of loss to persuade; using strong words)
The _____ or supporting paragraphs contain information to support the idea in the thesis statement.
body
After writing a draft of an essay, the writer may find out that the thesis statement needs to be _____.
changed
Rhetorical Analysis
explains how a nonfiction text uses words, phrases, images, and organization to persuade the reader
A _____ statement should summarize all of the ideas in the essay.
thesis
exigencies
urgent needs
Elijah and Marquise both wrote stories about superheroes, _____ Elijah's superhero has a different origin because he comes from the future.
yet
_____ dogs can be expensive to take care of, there are many benefits to having a dog as a pet.
Although
Learning to type by touch is a necessary skill for many reasons. One such reason is to type faster. _____ is to be accurate.
Another
The U.S. Constitution replaced the Articles, yet the Anti-Federalists were responsible for the inclusion of the _____.
Bill of Rights
Stan has been playing with his sister who had a cold. Now, Stan is experiencing fatigue, a fever, and a runny nose. _____, he's caught a cold from her.
Consequently
In my neighborhood, the park is east and down the street from my house. _____ the park is a big iron sign that says "Forest Park."
In front of
How does the writer make counterarguments to refute the opposing viewpoint that students do not want or need parenting classes now?
She uses statistics that show children are still being born to all ages and are being abused.
_____, there is crime fiction where I am fascinated how the forensic scientist discovers microscopic evidence from clues.
Then
How does the organizational design of this essay best fit the author's purpose?
Unsure
false dilemma
an "either/or" type of argument offering two choices when there are other options
ethos
an appeal that uses a recommendation from someone who has credibility or success
logos
an appeal that uses logic, reasoning, and evidence to persuade
pathos
an appeal that uses situations or powerful words that cause an audience to react with different emotions based on their values
counterargument
an idea that refutes an opposing argument
Parts of an Essay
an introduction, supporting paragraphs, and conclusion
atrophy
decrease, waste away
Topical
different subjects, reasons, or examples explained; usually one for each separate paragraph
Since the essay uses only third-person point of view and no slang or highly emotional diction, it is ______.
formal
concession
giving credit to the opposing argument
A conclusion, the _____ paragraph of an essay, may add more information, yet should reflect the idea of the thesis in different words.
last
Analytical Essay
literary interpretive/critical analysis essay: shows a unique point of view about the meaning of a text
A good conclusion should be ____ to the reader, so it should be eloquent.
memorable
revenue
money
Hamilton gives an example of the Ottoman Empire whose leaders pillage its citizens whenever the need arises.
rob and raid
pillage
rob, raid
Cause/effect
shows situations and their effects
The Federalists were a group of men who _____ the Constitution as the new law of the land.
supported
premise
the beginning statement of an argument
This excerpt has _______ organization.
topical (?) (not chronological or descriptive)
Which organization does this argumentative essay use?
topical - each paragraph has a different topic
From time to time a country may incur exigencies.
urgent needs
Hamilton calls the Articles of Confederation feeble in its intention to repose (keep) in it the power to tax individuals.
weak
Which text evidence most expresses a reason to replace course requirements with new courses?
3^ As society changes, things that used to be taught at home are not, and schools feel obligated to teach these necessary skills.
In this excerpt, Hamilton's argument lacks _______.
N/A
Hamilton wrote that there was other jurisdiction that the central government needed money for.
areas of power or administration
jurisdiction
areas of power or administration
In 2018, the national debt of the United States was _____.
around $21 trillion
Nonfiction
includes autobiographies, historical texts, news reports, academic textbooks or journals, and essays
Persuasive Essay
the purpose is to persuade toward a point of view or action; usually less formal than an argument
Compare/contrast
the similarities and differences of similar things
To play a guitar, first learn where the musical notes are on the strings, _____ practice simple chords.
then
When considering an audience to persuade, the writer needs to ______.
think about how they might feel and what they might say
Chronological
time order or in order of steps for a process
annihilation
complete destruction
Which statement from the text gives a call to action?
41^ Parents, teachers, counselors, and administrators should find the appropriate "parenting course" to be required in today's high school curriculum!
Mystery novels are my favorite kind of stories. The detective stories are exciting because I can follow the clues along with the characters in the story. _____, when Sherlock is considering the culprit, yet doesn't say who it is yet, he adds up all of the evidence for me to try to figure it out.
A case in point is
Which quotation best summarizes the content of this excerpt and can stand as a thesis statement?
A complete power, therefore, to procure a regular and adequate supply of it (money), as far as the resources of the community will permit, may be regarded as an indispensable ingredient in every constitution.
Classification or grouping
a list of items grouped together as types, varieties, kinds, divisions, or choices
Problem/solution(s)
a problem pointed out and one or more solutions given
anecdote
a short, interesting story concerning a real person
Descriptive
details explaining how something is or looks
The introduction is the _____ paragraph of an essay and contains the main idea of the essay.
first
disbursements
payments of money from a fund
plunder
steal from
Hamilton said the government should use propriety concerning money matters.
correctness
rebuttal
counterarguments to make the opposition team's claims less valid in a debate
Generalization
details followed by the ideas presented that support it; can be reversed by giving the different ideas first, then making a conclusion about them
Hamilton says the U.S. government would atrophy if it did not have its own regular supply of money.
disintegrate
Which are credible sources of information to support the thesis statement for a formal essay?
expert opinions from highly qualified people; anecdotes that are good examples; quotes from reputable texts or organizations; testimony or information from an interview
Which emotion does this pathos example cause in the audience to persuade?Furthermore, child abuse affects society because a large percentage of these children grow up committing crimes, getting addicted to drugs, and sometimes abusing other children.
fear
false analogy
a statement that infers that because two things or ideas are similar, they are similar in other ways
straw man
a tactic of misdirection or the attempt to confuse the opponent by refuting an argument that the opponent did not propose
The smell of the ocean air has a freshness to it. The white sand glistens for miles down the shore, _____ the palm trees line up in a row like soldiers paying homage to the sea.
and
Hamilton says if the law of the land does not approve the Constitution, then the United States will "approach annihilation."
complete destruction
With Facebook® and personal blogs, a person has similar opportunities to share; _____, Facebook has more interactive options.
however
rhetorical appeals
modes of persuasion that use logos, ethos, and pathos
Every nation has pecuniary needs to be able to survive.
monetary
The Union—the central or federal government—needed revenue for the military.
money
Definition and examples
most often used in vocabulary studies or illustrations
Fiction
novels, short stories, plays, and poems that are not true or factual
The appeal expressed in the previous question is called a(n) ______ appeal because it causes fear.
pathos
According to this Lesson and the excerpt, the federal government under the Articles of Confederation was having trouble _____.
paying back its debts to the states, individuals, and France
The federal government needed to make disbursements for debts it incurred.
payments
What tone and mood is the essay most expressing?
positive
The Anti-Federalists believed that the Constitution would give the central (federal) government too much _____ over the states and the rights of people.
power
propriety
respectable standards or correctness
Spatial
shows the physical relationships of objects
eloquence
skilled, powerful, and elegant persuasive speech or writing
Using the Ottoman Empire as an example of pillaging is not the best example because its government (as expressed in paragraph 4) was a _______.
sovereign or kingdom, not a democracy
logical fallacies
statements based on faulty or incorrect reasoning
Hamilton argues for a regular supply of money instead of unregulated taxation, which would plunder citizens.
steal from
Who is the writer's audience, as specifically addressed in the essay?
students, parents, high school counselors, and administrators
Which fact would most help the argument about high school students needing this class?
the percentage or numbers of high school students having children
Advantages/disadvantages
the pros and cons, or good and bad
