EXAM 1

Compare and contrast endocytosis with exocytosis what makes each transport type unique?

Endocytosis id the transportation into, and Exocytosis is the transportation out of. They are unique because they take a certain "password" to be let in or out for transportation.

Match the monomer to its polymer: Protein Carbohydrate Nucleic Acid Lipid A. Sugar B.Amino Acid C. Glycerol and fatty acids D .pentose sugar and nitrogenous base

Protein=amino acid carbohydrate=Sugar Nucleic Acid= pentose sugar and nitrogenous base Lipid=Glycerol and fatty acids

Sea water is a solution of water and salt identify the solvent A.Salt B. Water C. Air

B. Water

Identify the cellular component with its role -Structure in the nucleus that produces ribosomes -Site of protein synthesis as a message leaves the nucleus -Uses oxidative enzymes/reactions to break down organic substances -transports organelles within the cell -stores genetic information A. Nucleus B. Peroxisome C. Nucleolus D.Rough endoplasmic reticulum E.Cytoskeleton

-Structure in the nucleus that produces ribosomes = C. Nucleolus -Site of protein synthesis as a message leaves the nucleus= D.Rough endoplasmic reticulum -Uses oxidative enzymes/reactions to break down organic substances= B. Peroxisome -transports organelles within the cell= E.Cytoskeleton -stores genetic information A. Nucleus

the video lecture discussed a variety of chemical compounds and highlighted several( Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen)as being"essential" List 3 criteria for "essential" requirements:

1) a plant cannot complete its life cycle without the element 2) no other element can perform the function of the element 3) the element is directly involved in plant nutrition.(???? not sure)

If the cytoplasm of a cell is at a pH of 6 and the mitochondrial matrix is at a pH of 9 this means that the concentration of H+ions is_________ times higher in the cytoplasm than the matrix.

1000

Consider the disassociation of salt into individual compounds Sodium (Na+) and Chloride ( Cl-) Identify A) whether table salt (NaCl) is an element or Compound B) The type of bond (Covalent, ionic, van der waals, or hydrogen) that held them together C) whether sodium(Na+) is an anion or cation

A) Compound B) Ionic C) Cation

An elements reactivity ( willingness to participate in reactions) is determined by the slate of its valence shell. The goal is to have ___ electrons in the outermost shell.

8

Select the statement that best describes homeostasis? A. Prevention of change from happening to the human body. B. Maintenance of a dynamic state of balance within the human body. C.

B. Maintenance of a dynamic state of balance within the human body.

Phosphorus often occurs as a waxy solid in its natural state if you subdivide a piece of phosphorus until you have the smallest conceivable amount you end up with A. An atom B. An element

A. An atom

When designing experiments, scientist examine the relationship between variable. In a study comparing fetal alcohol syndrome in babies and expectant mothers drinking while pregnant, independent variable is A. Drinking alcohol while pregnant B. Babies C. number born at that time

A. Drinking alcohol while pregnant

NEED DIAGRAM Which solutions are Hypertonic compared to the solution in "A" A.E B.B C.D D.C E.A

A. E D.C

LOOK At DIAGRAM If sugar is added to the left arm of the U tube which results in the net flow of water into the left arm.. the sugar water solution in side A would be described as______ to side B A. Hypertonic B. Hypotonic C. Nothing

A. Hypertonic

NEED DIAGRAM TO ANSWER A.Hypertonic B.Isotonic

A. Hypertonic

Identify the following transport methods as being either active or passive: A. Osmosis B.Facilitated diffusion C.Sodium Potassium pump Passive Active

A. Osmosis-Passive B. Facilitated- Passive C. sodium Potassium pump-Active

Classify each statement as a description of prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells: -DNA is not enclosed by a membrane -Does not have membrane-bound organelles -Is generally a small cell -is generally a large cell -has simple structure -has complex structure A. Prokaryotic cells B. Eukaryotic cells

A. Prokaryotic Cell -DNA is not enclosed by a membrane -Does not have membrane-bound organelles -Is generally a small cell -has simple structure B. Eukaryotic Cell ( focus on these two then all the rest are prokaryotic) -is generally a large cell -has complex structure

Based on the diagram match the following features. ( LOOK AT PICTURES) A. Region A B. Region B C. Component C D. Component D -Extracellular Matrix -Hydrophilic head -Cytosol -Hydrophobic tail

A. Region A -Extracellular Matrix B. Region B -Cytosol C. Component C -Hydrophilic head D. Component -Hydrophobic tail

Match the following conditions to the appropriate pH: A. Strong Acid B.Strong Base C. Buffer pH 1 pH 5 pH 14 pH 7 pH 8

A. Strong Acid= pH 1 B. Strong Base= pH 14 C.Buffer= pH 7

Based on the following diagram of the plasma membrane identify whether the fatty acids are saturated or unsaturated. A. unsaturated B. saturated

A. Unsaturated( it has kinks)

Why does water have a pH of 7? A. Water dissociates to form an equal amount of the ions H+ and OH B. Water dissociates to form more OH than H+

A. Water dissociates to form an equal amount of the ions H+ and OH

Mammalian blood contains the equivalent of 0.15M NaCl seawater contains 0.45M NaCl (salt) what will happen if red blood cells are transferred to sea water? A. Water moves out; Cell Shrivels B. Water moves in: Cells Burst C. No net movement; cells remain unchanged

A. Water moves out; Cell shrivels

When graphing data the independent variable is the, A. X axis B. Y axis

A. X axis

Oven cleaner has a higher pH than baking soda because oven Cleaner has A. a lower concentration of hydroxide ions B. no other options

A. a lower concentration of hydroxide ions

Identify the cellular component with its role A.Digest nutrients and cellular waste B. Involved in storage and transport C.Site of ATP production D. Synthesizes proteins E. Sorts modifies and repackages proteins - Vesicles -Golgi Apparatus -Lysosomes -Vesicles -Mitochondria

A.Digest nutrients and cellular waste -Lysosomes B. Involved in storage and transport -Vesicle C.Site of ATP production -Mitochondria D. Synthesizes proteins Ribosomes E. Sorts modifies and repackages proteins -Golgi Apparatus

Match the biologic polymer with its function in the body: A. store/interpret genetic information B. Key components of the membranes C. critical for the function and regulation of all of the body's tissues D. Energy storage Carbohydrates Protein Nucleic acid Lipids

A.store/interpret genetic information= Nucleic acid B.Key components of the membranes= Lipids C.critical for the function and regulation of all of the body's tissues= Protein D.Energy storage= Carbohydrates

What is meant by the term " concentration gradient" and during active diffusion , in what direction does the movement occur?

Active diffusion is the movement against the concentration gradient.

There are essentially 6 requirements for living things, List Them:

Air Water Food Shelter sunlight Habitat

Identify which of the following statements correctly refers to a polar bond. A. For example the bond between oxygen and hydrogen in water B. Electrons are not equally shared by the atoms in a covalent bond C. The atoms in a covalent bond have partial charges

All answers correct

choose all the items that are composed of matter A. Clouds in the sky B. Ice on a pond C. Air inside of a balloon

All these are correct

NEED DIAGRAM

Answer: A

Which of the following features are found in all cells both eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Select all that apply A. Ribosomes B. Plasma membrane C. DNA D.cilia

Answer: A, B, C

NEED DIAGRAM

Answer: A, B, D

Based on the information provided identify whether or not isotopes exist for cobalt( there will be a picture) A. they dont exist B. Isotopes exist

B. Isotopes exist

An ion with 18 electrons and a charge of 3 will contain____ protons? (Subtract electrons from charge) A. 14 B. 15 C. 21

B. 15

An atom of oxygen has 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 8 neutrons. what is the atomic mass of the oxygen atom? A. 8 because the atom has 8 protons B. 16 because the carbon atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons

B. 16 because the carbon atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons

How many electrons are in the first and second electron shells of oxygen respectively? (Test will have a picture of atom start with inside circle with dots then outer circle with dots) A. 6, 2 B. 2,6

B. 2,6

Calculate the mean of the following data: 2, 7, 8, 4, and 4 (Add all numbers then divide how many numbers showed) A. 8 B. 5 C. 6 D.25

B. 5

The passive movement of O2(oxygen) across the respiratory surface of the lung and into the circulatory system(blood) is an example of: A.active transport B.Diffusion C. Endocytosis D. Osmosis

B. Diffusion

Prokaryotic ribosomes perform different than eukaryotic ribosomes? A. True B. False

B. False

Which of the following is TRUE of a control group in a scientific experiment? A. Results from the control group are never compared to the to the experimental group. B.It is treated exactly the same as the experimental group, except for the one variable being tested. C. It is treated exactly the same as the experimental group.

B.It is treated exactly the same as the experimental group, except for the one variable being tested.

What is the typical pH of biological fluids in humans such as blood and extracellular fluid: A. 19.2 B. 11.5 C. 7.4 D. 2.6

C. 7.4

Which of the following contrast anabolic and catabolic pathways? A. Anabolic Pathways release energy, whereas catabolic pathways require energy. B. Anabolic pathways use oxygen, whereas catabolic pathways do not C. Anabolic pathways consume energy, whereas catabolic pathways release energy.

C. Anabolic pathways consume energy, whereas catabolic pathways release energy.

Which of the following is the unique defining property of atoms of a particular element? A. Atomis mass B.Charge C. Atomic Number

C. Atomic Number

The midpoint of an ordered array of data is the A. Mode B. None of the above C. Median

C. Median

Examine the image of the eukaryotic cell below and label the following component LOOK AT THE PICTURE to better understand Component A Component B Component C Component D Component E -mitochondria -Golgi Apparatus -Centrioles -Chloroplasts -Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Component A-Centrioles Component B-mitochondria Component C-Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Component D-Golgi Apparatus Component E-Chloroplasts

Look up AU the element( the test gives you a picture) calculate the number of neutrons( round to the nearest whole number).To find neutrons subtract the bottom number( Atomic weight the higher number) with (atomic number which is smaller) 196.967-79=117.967 A.79 B. 54 C. 4 D.118

D. 118

Identify the mode of the following data spread( what is most frequently used): 1, 5, 6, 7, 7, 3, 9,7, 5, and 2. A. 8 B. 52 C. 5.2 D. 7

D. 7

Which of the following statements are tenets of cell therory. Select all that apply. A. All metabolism transpires within cells. B. All organisms are composed of one or more cell. C. All cells come from pre-existing cells. D.The cell is the basic unit in every organism. E. All of the above

E. All of the Above

Rank the levels of body organization to the simple(least organization=7) to the most complex (more organization=1) organ tissue molecule cell atom organ system organism

Most simple7: Atom More simple 6: Molecule Simpler 5: Cell Simple 4: Tissue Complex 3: Organ More Complex 2: Organ system Most complex 1: Organism

When the SimCell membrane ( remember the osmosis lab)in the cell O-Shape simulator jiggled back and fourth was due to...

Pressure against the membrane

Match the following subatomic particles with their charge Proton Neutron Electron A. Negative B. Positive C. No charge

Proton= Positive Neutron= No charge Electron=Negative

Distinguish between Cohesion and Adhesion. What makes these terms distinct.

are terms that state of molecules sticking together, Adhesion is the sticking of unlike molecules, an cohesion is the sticking of like molecules (possible example if needed, Adhesion is like when water gets on wax paper is sits and does not stick to the paper. Where in cohesion water on glass expands because it is sticking to the glass.

Use the AU element picture again.. Identify the atomic number( smaller number found on top of picture) A.197 B. 79 C. 116

b.79

Chromatography( remember the black marker lab) is a useful scientific technique to

separate mixtures