Exam 3 RENR (Quizzes and Clickers)

House sparrows were intentionally introduced to Brooklyn in 1851. during the colonization phase this invasive species exhibits geometric growth. If there are 50,000 house sparrows at year 8 and the population is growing with a (Lambda of 2.5). How many sparrows were in the initial invasion at time zero?

33

If organisms could constantly reproduce tons of offspring, their fitness would skyrocket. Why do we not see this?

Because resources are limited and organisms must trade-off between aspects of life history

Age structure

Decreasing

In general, individuals survive and reproduce with the purpose of ensuring that their species continues

FALSE

Mutations arise when populations need to adapt

False

Population growth of plants that seed just once a year can be modeled using:

Geometric growth

A ______ trait passes reliably from parents to offspring

Heritable

Age structure

Increasing

What kind of life history do humans have?

Iteroparous and slow

which of the following traits would not be considered a direct benefit?

Long tail feathers

*Incubation=45 days *rearing of chick to feeding = 100 days *Post-Feeding care = at least 30 days What mating system do you expect Nazca boobies to exhibit?

Monogamous

Incubation=45 Rearing a chick =100 Post-Fledging = at least 30 98% paternal certainty almost equal division of parental investment sex ration towards males (60% - 30%) What mating system do you expect?

Monogamous through breeding season through years it would be Polyandrous. The female will float through males every year (polyandrous) but only breeds once (monogamous)

Can individuals adapt to their environment and evolve?

NO

What is the genotype of an O blood type phenotype

OO

which is not a requirement for evolution by natural selection?

Phenotypic plasticity

Carnivorous behavior of (Pristionchus) nematodes occurs when other nematodes are abundant because crowded conditions send a hormonal signal that causes modification of genes coding for mouth morphology. Proximate or Ultimate?

Proximate

Should you help to raise 12 cousins? Or raise 6 kids yourself? Use Hamilton's rule (Br > C) and assume only one cousin will be raised if you do not help.

Raise 6 kids yourself

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the geometric growth equation?

Reproduction can (and does) occur continuously. True: - population growth is discrete - the growth rate is constant - age structure of the population can be ignored

Colo salmon spawn only once in their lifetimes and live at least five years but probably longer. Females provide their offspring with large egg yolks sacks for nourishment. This species would be described as?

Semelparous, slow

Age structure?

Stable

Individuals maximize reproduction and survival to keep their species from going extinct True or False?

TRUE

In very few cases do individuals work for the good of the species? T or F?

True

Based on fitness effects on donors and recipients, which type of social interaction is expected to occur LEAST often?

True altruism

Most populations exhibit a survivorship curve that combines features of

Type 1 and type 3 curves

Carnivorous behavior of (Pristionchus) nematodes occurs when other nematodes are abundant because this higher quality source of food survival and reproduction. Proximate or Ultimate?

Ultimate

ABO blood type is inherited. A new mutation arises from the B allele, producing a C allele in the the population. This mutation confers a higher resistance to blood disease that the other alleles, resulting in higher survival . Before ______ After O: 61.3%______51.3% A:30%______20% B:8.7%_____8.7% C: 0_______20% Is this natural selection?

Yes

The city of San Diego constructs a bridge that goes out to a previously inaccessible island with a raccoon population. Soon after, mainland raccoons begin crossing this bridge. This is ________.

migration (gene flow)

________ is the only non-random force of evolution

natural selection

which growth rate is used to describe a population with continuous reproduction

r

The founder effect is another scenario under which genetic drift is particularly strong. It describes:

the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population

When N=(1/2)K under logistic growth?

the population is increasing in size at tis maximum rate

Adaptations are _______

traits that arise by natural selection