Fetal Pig Exam: Reproductive System

Gametes

A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite age in sexual reproduction to form a zygote

Bulbourethral glands

A pea-sized gland in the male located behind and to the side of the urethra that discharges a component of seminal fluid into the urethra- Aid in lubrication and neutralization of vaginal acidity. There are two of these glands, one on each side (also known as the cowper's gland)

Chorionic vesicle

A saclike structure surround each fetal pig. Embryonic tissue making up the placenta

Placenta

A structure consisting of tissue from the inner lining of the UTERUS (maternal tissue) & the CHORIONIC VESICLE (embryonic tissue). How each fetal pig is attached to the mother pig. Convoluted, creating interdigitating folds that increase the surfaces where the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, & wastes takes place between mother & fetus

Uterine body

Accepts fertilized ovum and houses the fetus

Umbilical artery

Along the urinary bladder; brings de-oxygenated blood from the fetus

Testes

An organ that produces spermatozoa (male reproductive cells) - located in the scrotum. Have seminiferous tubules of each one that produces sperm

Urogenital sinus

Anatomical differentiation of male and female embryos

Umbilical vein

Brings oxygenated blood to the fetus from placenta

Pathway of the egg

Ovary, oviducts, uterine horns, vagina and urogenital sinus

Oviducts

(fallopian tubes) Lets eggs travel from ovaries to the uterus. Site of fertilization

Prostate gland

A gland surrounding the neck of the bladder in male mammals and releasing prostatic fluid

How many fetuses do female pigs normally carry?

Can be up to 14 offspring

Scrotum

Caudal end of the male pig; inferior to the tail. Houses the testicles

Epididymis

Connects testicles and vas deferens- stores the sperm

Urethra

Connects urinary bladder to genitalia (vagina)

Urethra

Connects urinary gladder to genitalia (penis). Receives seminal secretions from the testes and accessory glands

Ovulation

Discharge ova or ovules from the ovary

Maturation of the reproductive system in a fetal to adult pig- Male

During development the testes form inside abdominal cavity, eventually descend into scrotum. In a mature pig the scrotum is visible, it a fetal pig, the penis doesn't protrude

Seminal vesicles

Each of a pair of glands that open into the vas deferens near its junction with the urethra and secrete many of the components of semen

Maturation of the reproductive system in a fetal to adult pig- Female

Genital papilla in fetus is visible as small projections on the caudoventral surface of the abdominal cavity that covers the urogenital opening. Uterus in fetal pig is more than the adult uterus

Mesoalpinx

Holds the coils of the oviduct in place and provides a surface for the attachment of blood vessels that supply oviduct tissues

Spermatic cord

Includes vas deferens, arteries, veins, and nerves passes through inguinal canal

Vagina

Leads the exterior of body/permits fertilization

Seminiferous tubules

Location of the production of sperm (of the testes)

Urethra in female fetal pig vs. male fetal pig

Male pig: Receives seminal secretions from testes and accessory glands, drains excretory products from urinary bladder Female pig: Drains excretory products from urinary bladder, no reproductive funciton

Penis

Male reproduction organ/urination. Deposits the semen in the female reproductive tract

Ovaries

One of two glands located on each side of the pelvic cavity that produce ova and female sex hormones

Urogenital opening

Only in males; Part of male excretory and reproductive systems (females have genital papilla)

Female reproductive structures

Ovaries, ovulation, oviducts (fallopian tubes), uterus, uterine body, uterine horns, vagina, urogenital sinus, urethra

How do the reproductive structures of female humans compare with those of female pigs?

Pigs: Bicornate (uterus of a pig) Two large horns, 8 to 10 pigs in a litter because of these horns. Urogenital sinus is long and formed when the urethra fuses with the vagina Both: Urethra, ovaries, uterine tubes, labia, inguinal canal Humans: Normal uterus, urogenital sinus - only one during embryonic development, vestibule is the only thing that remains, humans have different openings for the urethra and vagina

Infundibulum

Receives immature ovium from ovary

Allantois

Sac to contain and isolate nitrogenous waste

Male reproductive structures

Scrotum, testes, sperm, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands

Glands and vesicles responsible for the production of semen

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands

Uterine horns

Site of implantation and embryonic development

Chorion

Surrounds the chorionic vesicle

Path of sperm from their storage location in the male to fertilization of released oocyte in the female

Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands and preputial gland, penis

Fertilization

The action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote

Reproductive system function

The female reproductive system has two functions: The first is to produce egg cells, and the second is to protect and nourish the offspring until birth. The male reproductive system has one function, and it is to produce and deposit sperm

Sperm

The male reproductive fluid, containing spermatozoa in suspension

Uterus

The organ is the lower body of a woman or female mammal where offspring are conceived and in which they gestate before birth; the womb

Allantoic stalk

The urinary bladder continued after the umbilical chord, helps form placenta

Vas (ductus) deferens

Transports the sperm to the urethra from the testes

Tubal pregnancy and abdominal pregnancy

Two types of ectopic pregnancy - Tubal pregnancy: Egg remains in the oviduct - Abdominal pregnancy: Development occurs in the peritoneal cavity (abdomen)

Does the structure of the uterus reflect how many offspring it can carry?

Uterus has two large uterine horns (the site of implantation and embryonic development) which increase in diameter

Ectopic pregnancy

When a pregnancy occurs somewhere else that isn't the uterus. Usually leads to death of the mother. Two types: Tubal and abdominal pregnancy