First Aid - Chapters 15 to 18

What is anorexia nervosa?

A disorder that most often affects young women and is characterized by a long-term refusal to eat food with sufficient nutrients and calories.

A person who has been exposed to carbon monoxide will have what color skin?

A pale or bluish skin color

Define poisoning?

Any substance that causes injury, illness or death when introduced into the body.

Why do you need to ask a person if they had a reaction to a bite or sting previously?

Because an allergic reaction can range from a minor localized skin rash to anaphylaxis.

How will you care for a person who has experienced a stroke?

Call 911 or the local emergency, note the time of onset of signals and report it to the call taker, if the person is unconscious make sure that he or she has an airway and care for any life-threatening conditions.

How do you treat someone who has been bitten by either a black widow or brown recluse spider?

Call 911, health professions will clean the wound and give medication to reduce the pain and inflammation

What is the primary symptom of stroke or TIA?

Facial droop, weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, trouble with speech, loss of vision or disturbed vision in one or both eyes.

How will you treat a person who has a wet or dry chemical on the skin?

Flush the area continuously with large amounts of cool, running water for 20 minutes.

When should EMS personnel be called for a person experiencing a seizure?

If the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, the person appears to be injured, the person is pregnant, the person is known to have diabetes, the seizure takes place in the water, and the person is a child or infant

Do you need to call 911 for every sudden illness emergency?

If you have any doubts about the severity of a person's sudden illness, call 911 or local emergency.

What is fainting?

Is a temporary loss of consciousness caused by a temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain, such as when blood pools in the legs and lower body.

What is your top priority as a lay responder when dealing with sudden illness?

Knowing enough about sudden illness recognize when to call 911 or the local emergency number is your priority as a lay responder.

How will you care diabetic emergencies?

Look for a medical alert tag or bracelet. Give sugar in the form of several glucose tablets or glucose paste. Always call 911 if the person is unconscious or about to lose consciousness.

What are designer drugs?

Narcotics and amphetamines

Do you need to know what caused the sudden illness emergency to provide care for the person?

No

Should you give someone who has been poisoned something to drink or eat?

No

How do you treat the site once the tick has been removed?

Place the tick in a jar containing rubbing alcohol to kill it, wash the site with soap and water, apply antiseptic or antibiotic ointment, then wash hands.

What are two things you can do to care for a person who has fainted?

Position the person on his or hers back and check that the person is breathing

How will you care for a person who is having a seizure?

Protecting the person from injury and managing the airway are your priorities when caring for a person having a seizure. To help avoid injury, move objects, do not put anything in the mouth to prevent this injury.

How do you remove a stinger embedded in the skin?

Scrape it away from the skin with the edge of a plastic card, or use tweezers

What determines the severity of the poisoning?

The type and amount of the substance, the time that has elapsed since the poison entered the body, and the person's age, size, weight and medical conditions

If you suspect a poisoning what question do you want the person to answer?

The type of poison, quantity, when, and how much the person weighs.

What are antihistamines used for?

They may help dry up the lesions and help stop or reduce itching.

What are some harmful side effects of misuse of aspirin?

Toxic effects and can cause inflammation on the stomach and small intestine that can result in bleeding ulcers

What are the signs and symptoms of poisoning?

Unconscious, confused, trouble breathing, chest pain or pressure, pain in the abdomen, vomiting, has a seizure, or acts aggressively

How do you treat a scorpion sting?

Wash the site thoroughly with soap and water, bandage the wound, apply ice or a cold pack, then seek medical attention

How do you treat the site once the stinger has been removed?

Wash the site with soap and water, cover the site with a dressing and keep it clean. apply a cold pack or ice

Is fainting a self-correcting condition?

Yes, when the person collapses, normal circulation to the brain typically resumes and the person regains consciousness within a minute.

Before a seizure occurs, a person will usually experience an...

aura

Common depressants are

barbiturates, benzodiazepines, valium, and xanax

What are the general guidelines for care for sudden illness?

do not further harm, monitor the person's level of consciousness and breathing, help the person's rest in the most comfortable position, keep the person from getting chilled or overheated, comfort and reassure the person, and give any specific care as needed

What increases your risk for stroke or TIA?

high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, an unhealthy diet, and not exercising regularly

What are the four ways that poisons enter the body?

ingestion, inhalation, absorption, and injection

What changes do hallucinogens cause?

mood, sensation, thought, emotion, and self-awareness, altered perceptions of time and space

All people who have inhaled a poison needs...

oxygen as soon as possible

Substance misuse is a form of?

poison

What are the signs and symptoms of common bites and stings?

presence of stinger, pain, swelling, redness, signals of allergic reaction

What are the signs and symptoms of febrile seizures?

sudden rise body temperature, change in consciousness, rhythmic jerking of the head and limbs, loss of bladder or bowel control, confusion, drowsiness, crying out, becoming rigid, holding the breath, and rolling the eyes upward

Hypoglycemia

too little sugar in the blood

Hyperglycemia

too much sugar in the blood

How do you remove an embedded tick?

tweezers