Global Inequality - 10

capital flight

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their U.S. factories and relocated to China. This is an example of:

absolute

Maya is a 12-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in _________ poverty.

subjective poverty

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing:

Core

France might be classified as which kind of nation?

debt slavery

In an American town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. They sell goods to the workers at inflated prices, offer house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and make sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This most closely resembles:

gross national income

It provides a picture of the overall economic health of a nation. The _______ of a country includes not only the value of goods and services inside the country,, but also the value of income earned outside the country if it is earned by U.S. nationals or U.S. businesses.

relative poverty

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in:

absolute poverty

People who live in _______ lack even the basic necessities, which typically include adequate food, clean water, safe housing, and access to health care.

chattel Slavery

Slavery in the pre-Civil War American South most closely resembled

GINI coefficient

The _______ measures income inequality between countries using a 100-point scale on which 1 represents complete equality and 100 represents the highest possible inequality.

first world

When this nomenclature was developed, capitalistic democracies such as the United States and Japan were considered part of the _______.

Core nations

_______ are dominant capitalist countries, highly industrialized, technological, and urbanized.

fourth world

The _______ refers to stigmatized minority groups that were denied a political voice all over the globe (indigenous minority populations, prisoners, and the homeless, for example).

second world

The _______ was the in-between category: nations not as limited in development as the third world, but not as well off as the first world, having moderate economies and standard of living, such as China or Cuba.

global stratification

While stratification in the United States refers to the unequal distribution of resources among individuals, _______ refers to this unequal distribution among nations. There are two dimensions to this stratification: gaps between nations and gaps within nations.

Semi-peripheral nations

_______ are in-between nations, not powerful enough to dictate policy but nevertheless acting as a major source for raw material and an expanding middle-class marketplace for core nations, while also exploiting peripheral nations (like Mexico).

Peripheral nations

_______ have very little industrialization; what they do have often represents the outdated castoffs of core nations or the factories and means of production owned by core nations. They typically have unstable governments, inadequate social programs, and are economically dependent on core nations for jobs and aid.

Relative poverty

_______ is a state of living where people can afford necessities but are unable to meet their society's average standard of living.

Global inequality

_______ is concentrating resources in certain nations and is significantly affecting the opportunities of individuals in poorer and less powerful countries.

Debt accumulation

_______ is the buildup of external debt, wherein countries borrow money from other nations to fund their expansion or growth goals.

Deindustrialization

_______ occurs as a consequence of capital flight, as no new companies open to replace jobs lost to foreign nations. As expected, global companies move their industrial processes to the places where they can get the most production with the least cost, including the building of infrastructure, training of workers, shipment of goods, and, of course, employee wages.

Capital flight

_______ refers to the movement (flight) of capital from one nation to another, as when General Motors automotive company closed American factories in Michigan and opened factories in Mexico.

third world

The poorest, most undeveloped countries were referred to as the _______ and included most of sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and Asia.

functional

A ____________ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure.

conflict theory

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a _________ perspective to understand the global economy.

want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would:

global feminization

around the world, women are bearing a disproportionate percentage of the burden of poverty. This means more women live in poor conditions, receive inadequate healthcare, bear the brunt of malnutrition and inadequate drinking water, and so on.