Global Migration

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how many people had submitted asylum seeker applications in 2014

1.66million

what was the number of refugees in 2012

15.7 million

what was the number of refugees in 2014

19.5 million

How many EU migrants did the UK have

192,495

What age group in Asia's in 2013 was the largest in terms of economic migrants

25-39 years

what as the annual flow of migrants between Mexico and the USA between 2000-2010

250,000 people

what percentage of the world population in 2015 were living outside their country of origin

3.3%

how many EU migrants did Germany have

345,692

how many people were forces to leave their homes in 2014 due to conflict and persecution

42,500

what is the annual worldwide limit for permanent immigrants in the USA

675,000

how many EU migrants did Italy have

75,710

how many EU migrants did Spain have

85,020

what percentage of the worlds refugees have LIDC's or EDC's as their desitination

86%

how many EU migrants did France have

94,393

what countries have status of women restricted and regulations of governing females

Africa Asia

where has the increased female migrants gone to

Europe Latin America North America Caribbean

why does migration promote economic growth

GDP and tax base of the host nation can be boosted by working migrants migrants are consumers in a host country and simulate local economies migrants can sill skills gaps and shortages in the labour market migrant remittances can supplement household income and simulate multiplier effect

who was the largest recipients of EU migrants

Germany

what countries were migrants taking low-skilled jobs in

Germany UK Italy

what counties have a migrant remittances contribute to 20% of their GDP

Haiti Gambia Liberia

what are the three global migration case studies

Lao Brazil Usa

give 3 examples of bilateral flows

Poland- UK India-UAE Myanmar-Thailand

what are the three international organisations that are involved in the governance of female migration

UNFPA ILO IOM

what are the main two countries in which highly skilled migrants are attracted to by higher salaries

USA Canada

what counties do migrant remittances contribute 0.1% of their GDP

USA UK

what does UNDP stand for

United Nations Development Programme

what is a refugee

a person who has moved outside their country of origin due to fear of persecution or death

what is a short term migrant

a person who moves outside of their country of origin for at least 3 months but less than a year

what is a long term migrant

a person who moves to a country outside of their country of origin for a period of 1 year or more

what is an asylum seeker

a person who seeks entry to another country by claiming to be a refugee

what industry are young migrants employed in, in UAE, Qatar and Saudi Arabia

construction oil producing

bilateral corridors develop as a result of social, economic and political factors such as

cost of travel ease of access and communications efficiency, reliability and cost of sending remittances employment opportunities and wage differences establishment of diaspora communities and networks effects of conflict and persecuation policies of national goverments language

how does global migration cause inequalities

countries lose proportion of labour force better education migrate, leaving brain drain redistribution of the population of reproductive age, influences crude birth rates increase inequalities between families who do and do no receive migrant remittances

why are NGO's and national governments concerned with migrant welfare

due to entire families including young children, attempt dangerous sea crossings at the hands of people traffickers

what are the 6 factors that influence global migration patterns

economic globalisation high concentration of young workers and females migrants increased flows in south-south corridors increased number of refugees changes in national immigration and emigration policies corridors of bilateral flow

what are the main reasons for intra-regional migrant flows are economic

employment opportunities higher wages better standards of living ease of returning to country of origin

what are the three main reasons why people born in the UK live abroad

employment opportunities retirement family reunification

What policies are in place in AC's such as Australia and Canada

encouraged immigration using a points bases system to satisfy labour shortages

what policies are in place in LIDC's such as Pakistan

encouragement of emigration for the socio-economic benefits it can being to their overall development through financial and social remittances

what are intervening obstacles

factors that can get in the may or influence the migration of a person, shown in lee's migration model

what are pull factors

factors that cause a person to want to move to a country outside of their origin

what are push factors

factors which cause a person to want to move out of their country of origin

What does the USA immigration policy allow for

family reunification economic migrants protection of refugees promoting diversity humanitarian relief

what is the aim of the points based system in place in AC's

fast track young, highly skilled workers in order to address shortages in sectors such as engineers, IT specialists and health care workers

what are social remittances

flows of ideas about family size, education and marriage

what does the EU have in relation to migrant flows

free movement policy for people across most of the EU's international boarders

what does HDI stand for

human development index

what has occurred as a result of the increased female migrants

increasing female independence and status greater fredom for women growing importance of women as main income earners

what are unequal flows of people, money and ideas linked to

inequalities conflicts injustices

what are the three scales in which economic globalisation occurs at

inter-regional intra-regional internal

what does ILO stand for

international labour organisation

what does IOM stand for

international organisation for migration

what does the HDI do

is a composite index which is the UN's measure of development bases on economic and social indicators

why is international migration an important part of globalisation

it contributes significantly to social and economic interdependence between countries

What has happened to Thailand's economic growth

it has increased with the demand for unskilled labour, for example construction

what are migration policies of national governments designed to do

meet the specific social, economic and political needs of all countries

why does migration promote stability

migrant remittances contribute to economic stability returning migrants have new ideas and values that can contribute to peace-building and conflict resolution youthful migrants working population contribute to more balanced age structure

how does global migration cause injustices

migrants and vulnerable to violation of their human rights treatment of asylum seekers the plight of refugees in terms of food and shelter etc

what is inter-regional migration

migration flows from EDC's and LIDC's to europe

what is intra-regional migration

migration flows within the EU

at an inter-regional scale what does migration include

migration of highly skilled workers attracted by high salaries migration of workers from EDC's to oil producing gulf states attracted by high wages and remittance opportunities

what is now the growing trend in relation to female migrants

migration of highly skilled, graduate women to countries where there is less discrimination in the labour market

what are migrant remittances

money that is sent back to a persons country of origin that is earned by an economic migrant

what are internally displaced persons (IDP's)

people who have been forces to move within their own country as a result of conflict or environmental disaster

what are economic migrants

people who move from their country of origin seeking work, either long term or short term

where are migrant remittances most important

poorer contries

at an intra-regional scale what does migration include

rapid increase of low skilled international migration stock within ASEAN increased migrant streams within south america so the 'southern cone' of Argentina etc by wage differences and labour opportunities# return migrations in the EU from taking low skilled jobs, often returning to more prestigious positions

why has there been an increase in south-south corridors

restrictive administrative barriers fast growing economies in south offering employment improved communication and the development of business and social networks preventative costs ease of migration within ASEAN and MERCOSUR improvements in ease and reliability of remittances increased refugees

what is the main migration that occurs internally

rural-urban migration

why does migration promote development

skills and knowledge acquired can be beneficial for families and local communities migrants can create networks which ease flows of skills, financial resources and values UN 'migration and development' programs, bottom up approach

how does global migration cause conflict

social conflict between host communities and 'new comers' immigrant populations can place pressure on service provision international boarders can be areas of conflict between border control authorities and human traffickers and illegal migrants

what are the two dominant directions of flows within the global migration system

south-north south-south

what does international migration lead to

spatial diffusion of ideas, information and values which are transferred back to country of origin by migrants

what are the three main aspects in which global migration can promote

stability economic growth development

what was the top source of refugees in 2015

syria

what is MERCOSUR

the creation of a free trade zone and the full integration of the regional economies between Argentina, South America, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela

what is net migration

the difference between total number of immigrants and emigrants for a particular country

what are the main reasons for the large number of refugees globally

the effects of conflict political persecution, discrimination and violation of human rights economic hardship and persecution as a result of forced labour and modern slavery impacts on natural hazards

what is lee's migration model

the explanation of the push and pull factors that influence migration between their country of origin and their country of destination

what does bilateral migration corridors involve

the migrant flows between two countries

what is international migration stock

the number of people born in a country other than that in which they live, including refugees

what is globalisation

the process in which the world is becoming increasingly interconected

why are the EU migration so high

the schengen agreement the expansion of the EU

what is dispora

the spread of an ethnic or international group from their homeland

how can access to technology hinder the work of NGO's and other relief organisations

these organisations rely on effective communication and transfer of information so therefore causes work to be restricted

why are migrant remittances important

they can help aid the development process of a country

what has happened to the number of female migrants

they have increased and now exeeded that of men

what is the aim of the ILO

to promote international labour migration, to protect migrant workers and support diaspora communities

what does UNHCR stand for

united nations high commissioner for refugees

what does the UNFPA stand for

united nations population fund

what is the multiplier effect

where one change has a positive impact on another and so on, causing a cycle of positive outcomes

what does ASEAN stand for

Association of South East Asian Nations

which are the three countries in which most UK emigrants are resident in

Australia USA Canada

what are the main three countries with highly skilled workers attracted by higher salaries

China India Brazil

What are the main 6 countries that are migration for the oil producing countries in the Gulf states

India Bangladesh Pakistan Egypt Philippines Indonesia

what countries are high in rural-urban migration

India China Mexico Brazil

which are the three countries that have supplied the greatest number of UK immigrants

India Poland Pakistan

what countries did migrants return back to more prestigious positions in

Romania Lithuania Latvia Poland Portugal Estonia

what were the three largest recipients of the asylum seeker applications in 2014

Russian Federation Germany USA

what are two areas of global migration that are spatially uneven

access to technology migrant flows

what is friedmann's core-periphery model

an explanation of why people from different areas move to certain areas, due to their spatial social-economic qualities ad inequalities

what do humanitarian organisations provide

assistance at sea and on coast line as well as land routes into Europe

in lIDC's and EDC's ILO ensures that

basic human rights are protected training schemes in place for potential migrants value of manpower in the LIDC's and EDC's is promoted female participation overseas is encouraged support for social networks and associations of the dispora advice on effective use of social and economic remittances

examples of how technology is increasingly important

bio-metric technology using iris scans to register migrants in refugee camps use of crowd-sourced data from text messages emails and tweets in 'crisis mapping'

why has migrant remittances been made easier

by cash transfer programs and the use of smart phone technology

how can countries and their economies be exemplified

by flows of economic migrants at different scales

in LIDC's and EDC's what can migrant remittances do

cause the economic multiplier effect to occur

what can global migration cause

conflict inequalities injustices


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