gov final
22. How did the Three-Fifths Compromise contradict the founding ideal of equality? Each slave counted as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation and taxation. A woman's vote counted as only three-fifths of a man's vote. Free states had three representatives for every five representatives that slave states had. The states could only give the vote to 60% of adult male property owners.
a
22. What is the next step to becoming a Supreme Court justice after the Senate Judiciary Committee reviews a nomination? The full Senate votes on the nomination. The House Judiciary Committee holds hearings. The candidate's name is placed on a ballot for the next election. The Supreme Court justices hold an informal meeting with the nominee.
a
23. What is the difference between debates in the House and Senate? Debates in the House have strict time limits, but those in the Senate do not Each House member must speak in each debate, but Senators may choose not to Debates in the Senate are televised, but debates in the House are not House members may use filibusters to block a bill, while Senators may not
a
24. All of the following are true about Supreme Court decisions EXCEPT that a decision is strictly irreversible. must be honored by lower courts. serves as a precedent for future cases. is supported by a legal doctrine called stare decisis.
a
24. Freedom of the Press 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th 5th
a
24. What case best exemplifies the principle of judicial review? Marbury V Madison McCulloch V Maryland United States V Nixon
a
24. What public policy provides medical care for the poor ? Medicaid Eminent Domain Social Security Affirmative Action
a
25. Cities may set rules to use public spaces for assembly if the rules are enforced equally for all groups assembly concerns efforts to seek legal business spaces are large enough for large groups to access cities register a petition with the federal government
a
25. How did the Federalists try to build support for the Constitution? by publishing a series of essays explaining the strengths of the Constitution by holding a series of pro-Constitution rallies across the new nation by censoring the press to support Anti-Federalist publicity all of the above
a
26. Which of the following is protected by the freedom of speech? flag burning libel obscenity slander
a
28. Why is it difficult for Congress to override a presidential veto? A full two-thirds of the members of each house must vote in favor of saving the legislation Members of Congress rarely wish to acknowledge publicly that they oppose the president Voters want the Congress and the president to work together all the time all of the above
a
29. In a Supreme Court case, a dissenting opinion is written by justices who disagree with the majority opinion. the party that lost the case to appeal for another trial. justices who side with the majority for a different reason. the attorney general to explain the historical significance of a decision.
a
29. Which of these acts is protected under the First Amendment? criticizing elected leaders selling pornography to children telling military secrets to the enemy spreading untrue rumors to harm someone
a
3. Freedom of speech 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th 6th and 7th
a
3. What is an order by the Supreme Court directing a lower court to send it the records of a case called? a writ of certiorari a writ of habeas corpus a writ of mandamus a writ of stare decisis
a
3. Who forms Splinter Parties? those dissatisfied with a major party those against a single, specific issue promoters of better economic times people committed to a certain ideology.
a
30. Which court case established judicial review? Marbury vs. Madison Goss vs Lopez U.S vs Nixon McCulloch vs Maryland
a
31. Which of the following has been used to expand the powers given to Congress by the Constitution? elastic clause executive orders reserved powers impeachment
a
32. What is the proper term for the right a court has to hear a case? Jurisdiction Adjudication Appellate Exclusion
a
33. The most common method of proposing amendments to the Constitution is a 2/3 vote of both chambers of Congress. for the president to introduce them in the State of the Union Address. when citizens hold petition drives. as a result of a Supreme Court decision.
a
34. The institution best equipped to exercise oversight over the bureaucracy if the Congress Executive branch Judicial branch Office of the Attorney General
a
35. Which concept allows the Supreme Court to rule on the constitutionality of a law or act? Judicial Review Constitutional Review Judiciary Acts of Placement None of the above
a
36. The _________________ refers to the first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution. The Bill of Rights The Preamble Article 1 Article 7
a
37. When does the Supreme Court convene? First Monday in October First Tuesday in November Last Monday in October First Tuesday in October
a
38. Regulations issued by federal agencies have the effect of law True False
a
4. The process used to end a filibuster in the Senate; at least 60 senators must support this vote to overcome a filibuster is known as cloture logrolling impeachment markup
a
4. Which of these historic documents first established the principle of the rule of law? Magna Carta Mayflower Compact English Bill of Rights Second Treatise on Government
a
40. Basic freedoms guaranteed under the U.S. Constitution, such as freedom of speech and freedom of religion Civil Liberties Civil Rights Civil War Civil Law
a
41. In the Electoral College representation for each state stated........ Each state would have as many electors as the number of senators and representatives it had in Congress. Each state would have as many electors as that state had in the House of Represenatative Each state would have as many electors as that state had in the Senate Each state would have one elector
a
43. The role of a grand jury is to determine whether there is enough evidence for an indictment what evidence may be admitted during the trial how much money should be awarded in a court case whether the defendant in a trial is guilty or not guilty
a
43. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? Thomas Jefferson John Locke Thomas Paine Thomas Hobbes
a
44. If the government exercises its power of eminent domain, it must provide "just compensation" for the property. This is stipulated by the Takings Clause in the Fifth Amendment right to due process in the Sixth Amendment unenumerated rights implied in the Ninth Amendment protection from excessive fines in the Eighth Amendment
a
47. In "Gideon v Wainwright" (1963), the Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment guarantees legal counsel regardless of the defendant's ability to pay allows excessive bails if the defendant is charged with a capital crime grants the government the power to take private property for public use prohibits prosecutors from trying a person for the same crime more than once
a
47. Which of the following is NOT a reason why the Anti-Federalists opposed the new Constitution? They believed that industry, not agriculture was the key to America's economic success. They objected that the Constitution did not include a bill of rights. They believed the states, not the national government, could better represent the people. They feared the national government would be too powerful.
a
5. What is the job of an appellate court when it takes a case on appeal? to look for errors of law to conduct a new jury trial to weigh all the trial evidence to determine the proper verdict
a
5. What type of special-interest groups are the Sierra Club and American Civil Liberties Union? citizen groups economic interest groups government interest groups nationality groups
a
5. Which complaint was the greatest barrier to ratifying the Constitution? It did not include a bill of rights. It had to be approved by all 13 states. It allowed too many people to vote. It created a weak central government.
a
7. An Amendment attached to a bill that has little or no relation to the subject of the bill is know as a(n) rider filibuster omnibus cloture
a
7. The Supremacy Clause of the Constitution indicates how to resolve conflicts between state and federal laws. both chambers of Congress. strict and loose constructionists. majority rule and minority rights.
a
7. Which of these issues at the Constitutional Convention was resolved by what is known as the Great Compromise? the representation of the states in Congress the eventual abolition of slavery in the South the power of Congress to regulate foreign trade the method for choosing the president of the United States
a
9. Which of these established the present system of federal district and circuit courts? Judiciary Act of 1789 Senate Judiciary Committee Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Article III of the Constitution
a
9. Who is usually responsible for the implementation of a policy? the agenda it is assigned to the President of the United States the Supreme Court the legislative branch
a
According to the Court's decision in Sherbert v Verner, the government must show ______ in order to interfere with religious practice. a compelling state interest a statute duly passed by elected officials probable cause all of the above
a
Article VI of the constitution prohibits: religious tests for government service congress from restricting the free exercise of religion a separate between church and state all of the above
a
Chief Justice Roberts argued that the ability to regulate individuals as such as a police power that rests with the states True False
a
Congress passed Obamacare in 2010 2011 2009 none of the above
a
Hobby Lobby sued the government in order to receive an exemption from the entirety of Obamacare True False
a
In 1968, the Supreme Court established the _______ to be applied in free speech cases O'Brien Test Chevron Doctrine strict scrutiny standard all of the above
a
In Oregon v Smith, the Court ruled that a law does not violate the First Amendment if it is generally applicable and was passed for the rational reason True False
a
In Reynolds v United States, Chief justice waite's opinion drew on the thought of the founders, particularly: Thomas Jefferson George Washington James Madison none of the above
a
Obamacare delegates a massive amount of ______ power to the Secretary of Health and Human services legislative executive judicial none of the above
a
Obamacare dramatically expanded the Medicaid program Social Security benefits the Madicare program none of the above
a
The dissenting justices in Texas v Johnson argued that Johnson had countless alternatives for communicating his message True False
a
The freedom of speech and the freedom of expression are, in legal terms, identical true false
a
The question presented in Heller was whether or not Washington, D.C. law infringed on the rights of the people in that city to keep and bear arms True False
a
Until well into the 20th century, the rights contained in the Bill of Rights were not understood to be applicable to: the states the federal Government congress none of the above
a
1. In the 1800s, the Federalist Party favored strong state government. strong national government. equal state and national government. church-based government.
b
10. Thomas Paine, author of Common Sense, was influenced by Rousseau's argument that a government should be dissolved if it was too weak to be effective. acted contrary to the general will. depended on inherited leadership. could not keep the economy stable
b
10. Which of the following BEST completes this sentence? Appeals courts have the authority to hear a case for the first time. review decisions made in lower courts. appoint judges to local, state, and federal courts. make a final decision about the constitutionality of a law.
b
10. Which of these legal documents orders a witness to appear in court? a contract a subpoena an indictment a search warrant
b
11. In "District of Columbia v. Heller" (2008), the Court... determined that the Second Amendment is irrelevant in modern times struck down a law prohibiting the registration and possession of firearms limited the use of weapons to the federal military, standing armies, and local police allowed businesses to sell particularly deadly weapons, such as sawed-off shotguns, to individuals
b
12. The first day of a new Congress begins with a vote on the new budget opens with a series of swearing-in ceremonies starts with a traditional congressional breakfast commences with a series of committee meetings
b
12. Which of the following is an example of how the type of case may limit the jurisdiction of a state court? An appeals court hears a case already tried in a trial court. A case involving a young offender is tried in a juvenile court. A state's supreme court reviews the decision of an appellate court. A case involving a crime committed in a certain county is tried in that county
b
13. What enables the American people to give their consent to the government? Declaration of Independence Representation Separation of Powers Rule of law
b
14. Montesquieu believed in a principle that contributed to our three-branch system of government. What was that principle? rule of law separation of powers popular sovereignty individual rights
b
14. The idea that political power should be distributed and shared among various groups in society is known as centrism. pluralism. socialism. libertarianism.
b
14. Which term refers to the person who files a lawsuit in a civil case? bailiff plaintiff defendant friend of the court
b
15. How were the colonies governed at the local level? British officials appointed by the king governed each colony at the local level. Colonists developed legislative bodies to govern themselves locally. The colonists sent representatives to the British Parliament. Colonists had no effective local government.
b
15. The power of the president to reject a bill and send it back to Congress federalism veto power civil rights impeachment
b
16. Assignments to certain standing committees such as Appropriations or Budget, are highly sought after because their members meet with the president more often they control the federal purse strings their members receive more pay they meet very rarely
b
17. What does a committee or subcommittee do during a markup? call outside experts to testify determine the final language of the bill place a bill on the calendar for discussion take an initial vote before debate
b
18 What kind of vote in Congress tells constituents how their lawmakers voted? voice vote roll-call vote standing vote up-or-down vote
b
18. The case that endured that suspects know their rights, as established by the Fifth Amendment Plessy v Ferguson Miranda v Arizona Gideon v Wainwright Lemon v Kurtzman
b
18. What determines which appeals the Supreme Court will hear? The attorney general assigns cases. The justices choose their own cases. The circuit courts recommend cases. The special federal courts refer cases.
b
19. The Fourth Amendment stipulates that law enforcement officials must knock before entering an unoccupied home procure a warrant before searching private property search the trunks of cars and school lockers routinely give home owners prior notice before staying at their residencies
b
19. Today, committee chairs are chosen on the basis of seniority alone on the basis of seniority, political skill, and other factors by the senior leaders of the minority party by the voters during the general election
b
19. believe that too much regulation of business prevents economic growth. Democrats Republicans
b
19. powers that are specifically listed in the Constitution elastic clause enumerated powers implied powers rule of law supremacy clause
b
2. The Preamble to the Constitution lists which of the following? steps for amending the Constitution purpose to be served by the Constitution procedures for ratifying the Constitution guidelines for interpreting the Constitution
b
2. What is the primary goal of political parties? to create a national platform to get their candidates elected to collect campaign contributions to attract members who agree on issues
b
20. A bench trial is a case in which the defendant pleads guilty. judge decides the outcome. jury contains only ten members. plaintiff argues the case without a lawyer.
b
21. Which of these is found in a party platform? a description of the party's structure a statement of the party's principles a list of the party's campaign contributors a plan for getting the party's candidates elected
b
21. Why did smaller states object to the Virginia plan? The Virginia Plan created a unicameral legislature, which many feared would be too powerful. The Virginia plan gave more representatives, and therefore more influence, to larger states. The Virginia plan allowed equal representation in only one house of the bicameral legislature. The Virginia Plan only revised the Articles of Confederation, instead of replacing them.
b
21. Why is the House Rules Committee so powerful? It has the authority to approve bills without input from the rest of the House It controls how quickly or slowly a bill moves through the House It has the right to override the guidelines for debate set by the speaker It determines the salaries of allHouse and Senate members
b
22. The power of recognition, held by both the Speaker of the House and the Senate majority leader, is the authority to control the delaying tactics used to block the passage of a bill favored by the majority grant permission to a member to speak during a debate banish unruly members from the chamber during a debate suspend active debate to allow for private discussions
b
22. favor broad-based tax cuts to encourage economic growth. Democrats Republicans
b
25. This case asserted a broad expansion of the powers of Congress and the supremacy of federal law Marbury V Madison McCulloch V Maryland United States v Nixon
b
25. What happens after the House or Senate passes a bill? It goes into effect as a law immediately It goes to the other chamber for approval It goes to a subcommittee in the same chamber for hearings It goes directly to the president for approval
b
27. Who is considered the Father of the Constitution? George Washington James Madison Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Franklin
b
30. In "Griswold v Connecticut" (1965), the Court said that the First, Third, and Fourth Amendments imply that Americans have the right to vote right to privacy freedom of assembly freedom of symbolic speech
b
30. Which Congressional act created the federal courts and the U.S. Supreme Court? Court Act of 1789 Judiciary Act of 1789 Federal Courts Act of 1789 Judicial Courts Act of 1789
b
31. "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution are reserved to the States..." This is an example of Separation of Powers Federalism Independent Judiciary Popular Sovereignty
b
31. Guarantees of equal rights and equal treatment under the law, such as trial by jury and voting rights Civil Liberties Civil Rights Civil Freedoms Civil Law
b
31. What are the two types of Federal Courts? Special & Congressional Special & Constitutional Constitutional & Congressional None of the above
b
32. Members of the First Congress viewed themselves as rulers of the American people representatives of the American people favored elites in charge of dispensing special privileges none of the above
b
33. This is the process by which a committee makes changes to a proposed bill hearings mark up cloture filibuster
b
34. How many Courts of Appeals exist? 6 12 15 18
b
34. In 1974, Congress passed a law that restricts financial institutions from considering factors such as race, religion, gender, or age when considering an applicant for credit This law was most likely passed to reduce the number of businesses offering financial loans protect groups of people from unfair business practices Increase the length of time it takes to process credit applications prohibit businesses from verifying financial information
b
34. Which core principle best describes how the U.S. Constitution limits the central government by giving power to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Poplular Sovereignty Separation of Powers Federalism Judicial Review
b
35. Unenumerated rights are rights that are reserved for the states unspecified in the Bill of Rights guaranteed by the First Amendment given to those charged with a capital crime
b
36. The role of the executive is to be energetic and concerned with the Past Present Future
b
36. Which landmark case established the concept discussed in the previous question? McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 Marbury v. Madison, 1803 Schenck v. U.S., 1919 Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896
b
38 Which of these headlines most involves a due process right? Politician Promises Stricter Gun Laws Judge Criticizes Police for Withholding Evidence Residents Start Campaign to Throw Out Major County Executive Withdraws Bill to Increase Parking Tax
b
39. What decision did the Supreme Court make on the power of cities to regulate peaceful assembly in public places in Hague v CIO? Cities may not regulate assemblies in public places in any way Cities may set rules for the use of public places that apply equally to all Cities may charge groups to meet in public places as long as fees are low Cities may pick and choose which groups to allow to meet in public places
b
4. The first words of the Constitution indicate that power and authority in our system of government come from the states. people. voters. lawmakers.
b
40. Life tenure with good behavior in the judicial branch helps judges to be _______________ partial impartial subject to changing public opinion none of the above
b
41. The Fifth Amendment protects Americans from excessive bail self-incrimination long and unfair trial cruel and unusual punishment
b
45. Most Supreme Court decisions applying the Bill of Rights to the states are based on the Establishment Clause Equal Protection Clause Necessary and Proper Clause Supremacy Clause
b
45. freedoms that all people have by virtue of being human; God-given freedoms limited government natural rights popular sovereignty representative government rule of law separation of powers
b
46. In the case "Barron v Baltimore" (1833), the Court concluded that the Bill of Rights applied only to actions of the federal government. This made the Court broaden its interpretation of the Constitution reluctant to make the Bill of Rights binding to the states strike down "separate but equal" facilities in "Plessy v Ferguson" make more decisions on cases involving civil liberties and civil rights
b
48. Which work publicized the concept of "natural rights," later found in the Declaration of Independence? Magna Carta the English Bill of Rights the Mayflower Compact John Locke's Two Treatises of Government
b
49. A formal accusation of criminal behavior handed down by a grand jury; this means that the accused person will be brought to trial Disparage Indictment Precedent Enumeration
b
49. The passage below comes from the Declaration of Independence "He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without Consent of our Legislatures..." Which section of the Declaration contained this passage? the list of colonial grievances its justification of the conduct of the colonists its theory of government based on a social contract its announcement of American Independence from Britain
b
5. Which of these is the defining characteristic of a federal system of government? Elected representatives make decisions for the nation. Power is divided between central and regional bodies. Separate branches have different areas of responsibility. Legislative actions are limited by a set of written guidelines.
b
50. The term prior restraint refers to which government action? deciding a law is unconstitutional preventing publication of certain material jailing individuals without bail before a trial searching people suspected of planning a crime
b
50. Which statement best describes the role of government according to the Declaration of Independence? "The main purpose of government is to expand and glorify the state" "The main purpose of government is to protect the unalienable rights of individuals" "The main purpose of government is to protect the rights and privileges of His Majesty, the King" The main purpose of government is to promote the general welfare of the community by taking steps toward social equality"
b
6. An attempt by government to prevent the publication or broadcast of material considered harmful Libel Slander Enumeration Prior Restraint
b
6. Consider the quotations below. "Life, liberty, and property . . ." —John Locke "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness . . ." —Declaration of Independence Both quotations list what our nation's founders believed to be civil virtues. natural rights. the general will. the rights of Englishmen.
b
6. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the roles of players in a courtroom? The judge usually decides the outcome of a trial. The defendant is the person being sued in a civil trial. The prosecution represents the defendant in a criminal trial. The plaintiff must be financially prepared to pay damages if found liable by the jury.
b
8. Right to keep and bear arms 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th 5th
b
8. The Articles of Confederation reflected Americans' fear of a permanent standing army. a strong central government. a threatened foreign invasion. a breakdown in law and order.
b
8. Which of these is a key factor in choosing committee chairs? age seniority education experience
b
9. a bill with so many riders attached to it that it seems to offer something for everyone is called a(n) hearing Christmas Tree bill markup annulment
b
Congress passed the Religious Freedom Restoration Act, also know as RFRA, in response to the court's decision in: Burwell v Hobby Lobby Oregon v Smith Sherbert v Verner none of the above
b
In Roe v Wade, Texas argued that the state had a responsibility to protect: the life of the mother the life of the unborn child both a and b
b
In the Heller case, the Supreme Court ruled that during the _____ century, it was universally understood that the Second Amendment protected an individual right to keep and bear arms 19th 20th 21st none of the above
b
In the Heller decision, Justice ______ wrote that the right to keep and bear arms preceded the ratification of the Constitution Roberts Scalia Alito Thomas
b
Roe's lawyers argued that the right to privacy was protected by the Declaration of Independence's language concerning life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness True False
b
The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to dictate to every farmer in America how much he could grow what he could grow both a and b none of the above
b
The Flag Protection Act was struck down in _______ by a 5-4 decision in the United States v Eichman 1969 1990 1955 2010
b
The two most influential Supreme Court cases regarding abortion are Roe v Wade and Griswold v Conneticut True False
b
1. Which of the following best defines the principle of popular sovereignty? The powers of a government are limited by the people. Government is based on laws that apply to all the people. The ultimate source of governmental authority is the people. Elected leaders work through government to serve the people.
c
11. The authors of the Federalist Papers—James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay—wrote under the penname of __________. Brutus Cato Publius Cicero
c
11. What is meant by the term burden of proof? the need to examine the reliability of witnesses the challenge of finding a fair and impartial jury the duty to prove alleged facts in a case with solid evidence the obligation to consider a person innocent until proven guilty
c
12. The Declaration and the Constitution were written in what city? New York Anapolis Philadelphia Washington, D.C.
c
12. The National Women's Party (1913-1930) and the Right to Life Party (1970-present) are examples of which type of third party? splinter party ideological party single-issue party economic protest party
c
13. On which point did Hobbes and Locke agree about the social contract? If the government failed to protect the people's rights, they had the right to overthrow it. The people needed a powerful, absolute ruler to protect them from themselves. It was in the people's self-interest to exchange some of their freedom for government protection. all of the above
c
13. Which of the following is most likely to write an amicus curiae brief? an appellate judge a defense attorney an interest group a special prosecutor
c
15. Publishing false information about someone with intent to cause harm incorporation prior restraint libel slander
c
16. The landmark and highly criticized case the Supreme Court ruled that resulted in Super - PACs is called Kelo v. New London Marbury v. Madison Citizens United v. FEC Plessy v Ferguson
c
17. The below quotation supports which of the following approaches to making judicial decisions? Judges are like umpires. Umpires don't make the rules, they apply them. loose construction judicial activism judicial restraint interpretivism
c
18. Who are the main sponsors of political action committees (PACs)? think tanks third parties interest groups grassroots organizations
c
18. Why did some people want George Washington to be king? Some regretted severing ties with Britain and its monarchy. Some feared that a nation built on democracy could not endure. Some believed Congress was incapable of governing the new nation. all of the above
c
20. What is one achievement of the government under the Articles of Confederation? It funded the Continental Army without incurring debt. It revised the US Constitution. It enacted the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. all of the above
c
20. Which case best exemplifies the principle of rule of law Marbury V Madison McCulloch V Maryland US v Nixon
c
21. Which of the following explains how a federal judge can be removed? The president excuses a judge through an executive order. The Supreme Court decides to terminate judgeship after holding a trial. The House of Representatives and Senate must vote to impeach a judge. The Senate Judiciary Committee holds extensive hearings before discharging a judge.
c
23. The Establishment Clause guarantees the right to petition freedom of speech and press separation of church and state ability to practice whatever religion one chooses
c
23. What did the Federalists favor? a loose association of states with a weak national government a government organized under the Articles of Confederation a strong national government that shared power with the states a bill of rights to protect the people against tyranny
c
23. What is the risk of getting your information from a news-oriented blog? Blogs are out of date because it takes more time to post on a blog than to print a newspaper Blogs are so highly regulated and censored that they contain very little useful information. Blogs do not have to meet the same standards for accuracy that the professional news media does. Blogs are too objective-that is, you learn only facts and no opinions from blogs.
c
23. Which of the following is true about a writ of certiorari? The Senate may grant a writ to a case with the president's approval. At least six justices must agree to hear the case for a writ to be granted. The Supreme Court may order a lower court to provide records of a case through a writ. Special interest groups can petition for a writ to show that the issue in the case has social importance.
c
24. Constituents, interest groups, party leaders, and colleagues decide who gets the most desirable committee assignments determine the seniority ranking of each member of the House and Senate place pressure on legislators to support or oppose certain bills interpret the rules of debate in the House and Senate
c
26. In a civil trial, the burden of proof is placed on the defendant. expert witnesses. plaintiff. prosecution.
c
26. The last step in policymaking is evaluation, in which government officials and interest groups ensure the policy does not violate the U.S. Constitution. examine the public's reaction to the new policy. assess if the policy has met their goal. make the policy part of the public agenda
c
26. What assurance did Massachusetts need before it would ratify the Constitution? that George Washington would be elected the first president that Massachusetts would have more senators than New York that a bill of rights would be added after ratification that the president would appoint the first representatives in Congress
c
27. According to the Three-Fifths Compromise, included in Article I, three fifths of which group counted toward a state's population? free people Native Americans "all other Persons," or slaves "those bound to Service for a Term or Years," or indentured servants
c
27. The first step in policymaking is policy formulation agenda setting issue identification adoption
c
28. Protections against unjust search of property, right to privacy 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th 5th 6th and 7th 8th
c
28. The fundamental goal of special-interest groups is to establish their own successful political parties. draw up budget proposals to fund their interests. persuade officials to actively support their interests. make profit off of grassroots campaigning.
c
28. Why did Madison initially oppose a bill of rights? He thought that a bill of rights would give too much power to the people. He felt that society, not the government, should protect the people's rights He believed that people's rights were already protected by the Constitution. He feared that some states would leave the union if a bill of rights were approved.
c
29. After a bill passes through the joint conference committee, it goes to the House, where it may be revered or added to the White House for the president to sign both the House and Senate for an up-or-down vote a subcommittee for further hearings
c
3. Who is known as the Father of the Constitution and as the principal author of the Bill of Rights? Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson James Madison George Washington
c
3. Why did the framers of the Constitution create three separate branches of government? to help people with different opinions cooperate to increase the power of the central government to keep any one group from gaining too much power to provide enough officials to handle the volume of work
c
30. When was the Bill of Rights finally ratified? in 1788, when the Constitution went into effect in 1790, after nine states approved the Bill of Rights in 1791, after Virginia ratified the Bill of Rights in 1939, after Georgia, Massachusetts, and Connecticut voted for ratification
c
30. Which of the following is true about a Republican's political beliefs? They support a strong federal government. They favor raising taxes for the affluent. They are against minimum wage laws. They favor business regulation by the government.
c
31. Who was the presiding officer over the Constitutional Convention? Benjamin Franklin Alexander Hamilton George Washington Patrick Henry
c
33. A form of government in which citizens rule for themselves and not through representatives Parliamentary Democracy Presidential Democracy Direct Democracy Theocracy
c
33. How many levels are there of the federal courts? one two three four
c
34. To whom do the signers of the Declaration of Independence pledge their "lives, fortunes, and sacred honor" in the Declaration? The American people George Washington Each other King George III
c
35. Why did the framers of the Constitution create three separate branches of government? to help people with different opinions cooperate to increase the power of the central government to keep any one group from gaining too much power to provide enough officials to handle the volume of work
c
37. In "United States v Morrison" (2000), the Court struck down a law that allowed victims of domestic violence to sue their attackers in federal court because the law violated marital privacy rights set an excessive bail for those who broke this law overstepped the government's constitutional authority failed to clearly define what constituted as "domestic violence"
c
37. The legislative branch is deliberative and concerned with the Past Present Future
c
39. The majority of bills are written by Congress Citizens sponsored by a Congressperson Executive Agencies Lobbiests
c
39. What is the only crime specifically mentioned in the Constitution? murder espionage treason theft
c
4. "You have the right to remain silent" 1st 3rd and 4th 5th 6th and 7th
c
4. In a civil trial, the party bringing the lawsuit must prove that the amount of damages is fair. media have not influenced the jury. there is a preponderance of evidence. a person is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
c
42. The process of applying the Bill of Rights to the states through Supreme Court decisions is called double jeopardy prior restraint incorporation probable cause
c
42. Who was the English Enlightenment Thinker who had the political idea of a "social contract" that people entered into to? Thomas Jefferson George Washington Thomas Hobbes Jean-Jacques Rousseau
c
46. the principle that the people are the ultimate source of the authority and legitimacy of a government limited government natural rights popular sovereignty representative government rule of law separation of powers
c
48. Which of these plays the largest role in interpreting the Bill of Rights? Congress state legislatures the Supreme Court the executive branch
c
5. A request by a senator to delay action on a bill is known as a(n) filibuster earmark hold rider
c
6. In their oath of office, lawmakers swear to support and defend their party the congress the constitution their constituents
c
6. Over time, constitutional amendments have extended which right to the groups listed below? - African Americans - Women - Residents of the District of Columbia - 18-year-olds right to an education right to serve on a jury right to vote in elections right to federal employment
c
6. Political parties influence the public agenda by lobbying for certain issues. using grassroots campaigning. placing issues on their platforms. bribing politicians to fund their policy.
c
7. A political independent is someone who can vote legally for the very first time. associates solely with a third party. is not affiliated with any political party. supports a minority party in elections.
c
8. How does someone become a judge in the federal court system? by a popular election by a retention election by presidential appointment by passing a civil service test
c
8. Which of these is the most common form of individual involvement with a political party? attending a party rally or meeting making a financial contribution to the party registering to vote as a member of the party working on the campaign of a party candidate
c
9. The Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth amendments protect voting rights privacy rights rights in the legal system rights reserved to the states
c
9. Which political philosopher favored separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches? Thomas Hobbes John Locke Baron de Montesquieu Jean-Jacques Rousseau
c
Flag burning statutes in 47 states were struck down by a _______ decision of the Court in Texas v Johnson 7-2 6-3 5-4 9-0
c
In Burwell v Hobby Lobby, the Court decided that the government substancially burdened the plaintiffs' exercuse of religion when it required the company to: provide employeed with some kind of insurance increase employer contributions to Medicaid pay for abortifacients as part of its employee health care plan none of the above
c
In her opinion, Justice Ginsburg relies on the Supreme Court's current interpretation of the limits of the government's power, which dates back to the 1950s 1970s 1930s none of the above
c
Mr. Johnson, the defendant in Texas v Johnson, was accused of flag burning at the Boy Scouts of American convention flag burning at the Revolutionary Communist Youth Brigade flag burning at the Republican Party Convention flag burning at the Ronald Reagan's debate against Walter Mondale
c
Obamacare prohibited health insurance companied from setting rates based on age geographic location the health of applicants none of the above
c
The affordable Care Act (obamacare) is arguably the most controversial and divisive congressional enactment since the: Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act Missouri Compromise Kansas-Nebraska Act New Deal
c
The debate surrounding the second amendment is primarily focused on: foreign citizens carrying weapons criminal use of firearms the rights of law-abiding citizens none of the above
c
The dissenters in Heller argued that the Second Amendment only protects the right of _______ to keep and bear arms American citizens high-level security details members of the state militia none of the above
c
The question was whether or not political spending is a form of free speech was answered in the Near v Minnesota Brandenbury v Ohio Citizens United v FCC Lemon v Kurtzman
c
The second amendment was ratified in 1789 1790 1791 1788
c
in Reynolds v United States, wrote that the court has a compelling interest in marriage because ____ is(are) the most fundamental institution in society congress the people the family the Supreme Court
c
in Snyder v Phelps, the Supreme Court sustained _______ as free speech erotic dancing calling out "fire" in a crowded theatre the picketing of a Marine's funeral all of the above
c
the case of Reynolds v United States was decided by the supreme court in: 1871 1799 1878 1905
c
10. How do lobbyists help government officials to function more effectively? by setting the public agenda by funding public election campaigns by selecting candidates for public office by providing information on public issues
d
10. What happens at the end of the first party caucuses or conference? Congressional leaders are elected Party committees are formed Members are nominated for standing committees all of the above
d
11. What is a Christmas tree bill? a bill approved late in the session a bill that raises the pay of lawmakers a bill passed as a favor to the president a bill that has attracted many unrelated riders
d
12. Right to a fair trial 2nd 3rd and 4th 5th 6th and 7th 8th 9th and 10th
d
12. What did the Magna Carta do? defined the rights and duties of English nobles set limits on the monarch's power established the principle of the rule of law all of the above
d
13. The Third Amendment offers a general guarantee for bearing arms symbolic free speech forming local militias privacy of people's homes
d
15. How can Congress override a presidential veto? Congress must wait until after the next election to reconsider the bill Congress must agree to amend the bill ti meet the president's objections Congress must approve the bill again by a majority vote in both chambers Congress must approve the bill again by a two-thirds vote in both chambers
d
15. If someone becomes a judge through merit selection, it means that the state legislature or the governor appointed the judge. citizens elected the judge, and the governor confirmed their decision. the judge went through a series of hearings held by a committee of citizens. the governor appointed the judge after reviewing a list of judges that a committee created.
d
16. Powers kept by the states under the U.S. Constitution veto power concurrent powers constititionalism federalism
d
17. The right of accused persons to be brought before a judge to hear the charges against them judicial review delegated powers civil case habeas corpus
d
17. Which principles did Jefferson include in the Declaration of Independence? Government must protect citizens' rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Governments derive their power from the consent of the people. If a government does not protect people's rights, the people may overthrow the government. all of the above
d
2. The idea of representative government first developed in ancient Egypt. Greece. Israel. Rome.
d
2. Which of these does a prosecuting attorney represent? the injured party in a lawsuit the officials in the courtroom the person accused of a crime the government and the people
d
21. Orally spreading false information about someone with intent to cause harm Enumeration Libel Self-incrimination Slander
d
22. "The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second Year [every two years] by the People of the several [all] States," is an example of Individual Rights Federalism Independent Judiciary Popular Sovereignty
d
22. The phrase "You have the right to remain silent" reflects the provision in the Bill of Rights regarding double jeopardy eminent domain judicial review self-incrimination
d
23. When the President nominates an individual to serve as Secretary of State, the Senate must confirm the appointment. Which constitutional principal does this illustrate? limited goverment popular sovereignty separation of powers checks and balances
d
24. Why did the Anti-Federalists oppose the Constitution? They believed the states, not the national government, could better represent the people. They feared the national government would be too powerful. They objected that the Constitution did not include a bill of rights. all of the above
d
25. Advocates of judicial activism is most likely to support the Court if it has more conservative judges. hears fewer cases about abortion rights. uses the power of judicial review sparingly. makes decisions that defend the rights of minorities.
d
25. What public policy provides medical care for the old ? Medicaid Eminent Domain Social Security Medicare
d
26. What does a joint conference committee do? delay legislation opposed by House and Senate leaders until the bill dies introduce new legislation into the House and Senate at the same time hold hearings to gather information before a bill is marked up work out a compromise between House and Senate versions of the same bill
d
27. In "Gregg v Georgia" (1976) the Court ruled that states may use the death penalty as a sentencing option if the states paid a hefty fee to the federal government method of execution was the same from state to state defendant was tried in a case that involved civil liberties laws are consistently and equally applied from case to case
d
27. Once a bill is delivered to the White House, the president has 10 days (not counting Sundays) to sign it into law veto it take no action, allowing the bill to become a law without the president's signature all of the above
d
27. What do citizens vote on during a retention election? Whether the governor or state legislature appoints a judge Which justice should be Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court Which judges should be put onto a list of nominees for a state court Whether or not a state judge should remain in office for a longer term
d
28. All of the following are true about military tribunals EXCEPT that they are used to try members of enemy forces. offices from armed forces serve as both judge and jury in them. they are federal courts that deal with specific categories of cases. reviewing decisions about veteran benefits is their primary purpose.
d
28. Which governing body has the power to impeach officials? Senate President Supreme Court House of Representatives
d
29. The following excerpt from the Constitution represents at least one of the six guiding principles of limited government. Choose the principle that is BEST exemplified in the quote. "Judges shall receive for their Services a Compensation [salary], which shall not be diminished [reduced] during their Continuance in Office" is an example of Separation of Powers Federalism Popular Sovereignty Independent Judiciary
d
29. Which of the following is an example of a third party in the United States? The Green Party The Socialist Party The Reform Party all of the above
d
29. Why did it take so long for the Congress to approve a bill of rights? Some members of Congress wanted to address other matters they believed were more urgent. Many lawmakers disagreed with Madison's proposals, and debate continued for months. Some legislators wanted to wait until flaws in the government emerged more clearly. all of the above
d
3. The tactic of using endless speeches on the Senate floor to delay or prevent passage of legislation; filibusters are not permitted in the House is known as a cloture veto rider filibuster
d
30. Who has the tie breaking vote in the Senate? Speaker of the House Minority Leader Party Whip Vice President
d
32. By definition, a federal system divides power between the major political parties. the branches of government the monarch and the citizens. the national government and the regional governments.
d
32. John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau all contributed to this philosophy which says that the power of government to rule comes from the people. constitutionalism separation of powers rule of law social contract theory
d
32. What role do the Speaker of the House and Senate Majority Leader play in the legislative process? They determine the final language of a bill before it is voted on All proposed bills are first approved by them They can limit the number of bills a Congressperson can sponsor They determine what bills will be debated
d
33. Which of these unpopular forms of expression is protected by the First Amendment? libel slander obscenity flag burning
d
35. Agencies were given permission to create laws by Congress by the Freedom of Information Act Civilian Power of Appointments Act Advice and Consent Agency Act Administrative Procedures Act
d
35. There are two phrases on the Great Seal- one is Latin that when translated means 'Out of Many One' and the other is ) Novus Ordo Seclorum which means what? New Society under Order Order, Liberty or Tyrrany In God We Trust A New Order for the world
d
36. Statements, usually made under oath, suggesting that the person speaking is guilty of a crime Disparage Incorporation Indictment Self-incrimination
d
37. What was the document that outlined the first formal government in the United States. The Constitution The Bill of Rights The Declaration of Independence The Articles of Confderation
d
38. Nine out of 13 states were required to ratify the constitution. What does the word ratify mean? Deny Revoke Veto Approve
d
38. Which of the following opinions of the Supreme Court is written by a justice(s) who do not agree with the decision of the court? Appellate Majority Concurring Dissenting
d
39. What were some of the main problems with the Articles of Confederation? Congress could not levy taxes No funding for a national army Too much power to the states and not a strong enough national government All of the above
d
4. How do political parties help organize the government? The Congress and state legislatures are organized along party lines. Speaker of the House is chosen from the majority party in Congress. Committee chairpersons in Congress come from the majority party. all of the above
d
40. A law must be made in advance impartial simple all of the above
d
40. Roger Sherman's compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans was.... a unicameral legislative body with representation based on population a bicameral legsilative body with equal representation a unicameral legislative body with equal representation a bicameral legislative body with one house's representation based on population, and the other would have equal representation
d
5. A decision by a court that serves as an example or guide for future decisions indictment Double Jeopardy Enumeration Precedent
d
7. Which of these is a civil liberty protected by the Bill of Rights? the right to work the right to marry the right to travel abroad the right to religious freedom
d
9. How did the decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) strengthen the power of the Supreme Court? It denied state courts the authority to override federal precedent. It asserted that the Court could order the president to carry out a law. It intervened in a conflict between the other two branches of government. It established the Court's right to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.
d
Chief Justice Roberts wrote the Court's NFIB v Sebelius opinion jointly with Justice ___________ Kennedy Ginsburg Thomas none of the above
d
For must of U.S. History, there were relatively few significant restrictions placed on the right to keep and bear arms, except in the case of: those who had abused them alcoholics those with mental shortcomings all of the above
d
In NFIB v Sebelius, the court examined the constitutionality of Obamacare's individual mandate by looking at the Constitution's Commerce Clause Necessary and Proper Clause definition of a tax all of the above
d
In Sherbert v Verner the Court decided that the _____ of the Constitution protected some religious actions Establishment Clause Sweeping Cause Origination Clause Free Exercise Clause
d
The freedom of speech applies to every conceivable : speech utterance writing none of the above
d
freedom of speech completely protects obscenity or pornography sound trucks at all hours of the night courtroom expression of disrespect none of the above
d
Ironically, the Supreme Court adhered strictly to the text of the Constitution when it declared in Roe v Wade that while the Constitution speaks of persons, it only refers to __________
those already born
Roe v Wade concerned a Texas law that banned all abortions in the state except for those performed:
to save the life of the mother
In Planned Parenthood v Casey, what did the Court say was the prevailing doctrine if not privacy?
liberty
26. Which branch of government does Article I explain? executive legislative judicial state
b
19. How did the 13 new state constitutions limit democracy? They only gave the vote to white male property owners and taxpayers. None of the state constitutions made slavery illegal. All southern states denied slave equal rights as human beings. all of the above
d
7. Which of the following BEST describes the role of witnesses in a trial? They provide key information to the jury. They help the courtroom proceedings function smoothly. They listen to the evidence in a trial and try to reach a verdict. They present physical evidence such as documents and objects.
a
8. Which of these is the best example of constitutional checks and balances? Treaties require Senate approval. The Constitution may be amended. The president is paid for his services. Courts decide conflicts between states.
a
20. Courts have ruled that when educational institutions take federal money, the government can impose any condition it sees fit on the receipt thereof True False
a
20. Once a bill is sent to a committee, the chair may choose to ignore it or to hold hearings on it sign it into law submit it for debate before the full House or Senate send it directly to the president for approval
a
20. Which of these is the best example of grassroots mobilization? a public demonstration a political party convention a meeting with policymakers a paid television advertisement
a
21. To which branch of gov't did the framers give the greatest number of specific powers? Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch Bureaucracy
a
What did the Pennsylvania law at issue in Planned Parenthood v Casey require?
#1 Clinic must describe in detail the nature of the procedure #2 24 Hr waiting period #3 Parental Consent for minors #4 Wives have to inform their husband (not consent)
In__________, the court declared, "Specific guarantees in the Bill of Rights have penumbras, formed by emanations from those guaranteed that help give them life and substance."
Griswold v Connecticut
What did the Court scrap in Roe v Wade?
Inform Spouse
Ms. Leal explains that in Roe v Wade, the Court did not side completely with
Roe
16. Why did the colonists become hostile toward Great Britain? Great Britain suddenly began imposing its authority over the colonies. The British Parliament refused to allow colonists to pay their fair share of taxes. Britain began filling the colonial legislatures with officials appointed by the king. British lawmakers made it illegal for merchants to ship tea to the colonies.
a
17. In "Near v Minnesota" (1931), the Court decided that prior restraint is unconstitutional the First Amendment protects libel state laws may limit freedom of assembly free speech may be supported during wartime
a
17. favors regulating business in order to protect consumers, workers, and the environment. Democrats Republicans
a
19. The Supreme Court's power of judicial review is important because it helps the judicial branch check on the other two branches. prevents lower courts from overturning the Court's decisions. is one of the main powers given to the judicial branch in the Constitution. establishes the Court's authority to oversee cases involving foreign governments.
a
2. The Tenth Amendment is directly concerned with the balance of federal and state powers defining civil liberties and civil rights protecting individuals from self-incriminastion warrants issued for search and seizure of property
a
2. What is meant by logrolling trading votes delaying legislation meeting with lobbyists doing favors for the constituents
a
16. A civil case in which the plaintiff and defendant are citizens of different states is tried before a federal court. two different state courts. the Senate Judiciary Committee. a country trial court in the defendant's state.
a
16. Freedom of Religion 1st 2nd 5th 6th and 7th
a
1. Criminal law is the branch of law that is concerned with which of the following? conduct of individuals conflicts between private parties confirming candidates for judgeship deciding on the amount of damages that should be paid
a
1. The case Gitlow v New York (1925) marked the incorporation of the freedom of speech. This means that the freedom of speech was applied fully to the states applied to the bill of rights limited during times of peace interpreted as unconstitutional
a
1. The tradition that a congressional committee member's seniority - the number of years of unbroken service on a committee 0 determines that member's position on the committee is known as seniority rule gerrymandering logrolling filibustering
a
1. Which of these terms refers to the principle that people accused of a crime must be granted certain legal rights? due process habeas corpus judicial review eminent domain
a
10. The process of amending the Constitution involves both the Congress and the states. the president and the Congress. the states and the Supreme Court. the Supreme Court and the president.
a
11. The purpose of PACs is to collect contributions to fund political campaigns. eliminate dominant, opposing special-interest groups. elect their own members as political candidates. all of the above
a
11. Where did colonial thinkers get their ideas about representative democracy? Roman Republic ancient Athens Christian doctrine ancient Judaism
a
13. Before a bill can be sent to the president, both chambers of Congress must vote to approve the same version restore the original language have a supermajority in favor authorize the president to change it
a
13. The step in policymaking where officials debate and revise policies is called agenda setting. policy formulation. adoption. implementation.
a
14. According to the First Amendment, how may Congress address the issue of religion? Congress cannot declare any official religion and must let citizens practice their religions freely. Congress must allow citizens to practice their religion if they pay a free-exercise fee. Congress can establish an official religion and compel citizens to attend religious services. Congress must allow religious freedom, but only among followers of Christianity.
a
14. Freedom of Assembly 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th 6th and 7th 8th 9th and 10th
a
14. To reward a loyal party member, the leader from the party may give him or her a desirable committee assignment offer him or her a substantial bonus in pay relieve him of the obligations to sit on a committee assign him or her to a less prestigious committee
a
15. Which political party in the United States had the longest continuous existence? Democrats Federalists Progressives Republicans
a
18. principle that federal law supersedes all state and local laws rule of law separation of powers enumerated powers implied powers supremacy clause elastic clause
e
44. the principle that government is based on clear and fairly enforced laws and that no one is above the law individual rights limited government popular sovereignty representative government rule of law separation of powers
e
