Government Unit 5

The Americans for Tax Reform (ATR), organized to oppose any and all tax increases, would be considered which of the following type of interest group?

A cause group

Political scientists use the term "political realignment" to describe which of the following?

A profound shift in the balance of power between major political parties

Which of the following scenarios would most likely be considered a violation of the Twenty-fourth Amendment?

A state institutes a fee to vote in a presidential election

Which of the following scenarios is an example of how the media can act as a linkage institution?

A television network airs the results of public opinion poll projecting the winner of the 2016 presidential election

Which of the following best explains the danger that "attack journalism" poses to political participation?

By treating government officials and candidates as targets to be stalked in pursuit of scandal, attack journalists create the impression that all politicians are ineffective and untrustworthy

Which of the following statements best explains how candidate-centered campaigns have weakened the influence of political parties on the political process?

Candidates can raise campaign funds by appealing to voters and PACs directly

Which of the following statements best explains the relationship between campaign contributions and the lobbying of members of Congress by interest groups?

Congressional members are willing to meet with lobbyists representing groups that provide them with campaign contributions

Referring to the years 1920 to 1940, which of the following was a catalyst for the upward trend in the presidential popular vote as a percent of the population in that period?

Giving women the right to vote

Which of the following statements best explains how the 17th Amendment increased democratic participation in the United States?

It changed the election process for US senators

Which of these statements best explains why the Voting Rights Act of 1965 has been important to expanding political participation in the United States?

It enforced the Fifteenth Amendment by preventing states from using legal barriers to prevent African Americans from voting

Which is the best explanation for the extraction of massive amounts of personal data from social media sites by political consulting firms?

It provides insights about voter preferences that campaign consultants use to strategically craft political messages

On a political survey, Patrick Yang reveals that he rarely votes, because he does not believe the federal government listens to or responds to his needs, nor does he think the average citizen has much influence over political affairs. A political scientist would characterize these attitudes as representing which of the following?

Low political efficacy

Political parties are most inclined to use which of the following strategies in national general election campaigns today?

Matching polling responses to identifiable individuals in voter files to determine patterns

Which of the following policies is an example of state action to improve voter turnout?

Motor voter laws

Which term accurately describes the presidential electoral change brought about by the permanent switch of many conservative white southerners from the Democratic party to the Republican party in the mid 1960s?

Party realignment

Teddy Flood lives in Texas and is voting in the 2018 election. When he gets to the ballot box, he decides to do straight-ticket voting, in which he checks one box to cast a ballot for every candidate from the Democratic party. Which model of voting behavior does this best represent?

Party-line voting

Priyanka Kumble votes for political candidates based solely on their platforms and the policies they and their party plan to implement once elected. Which model of voting behavior does this best represent?

Prospective voting

Rumana Modi votes for political candidates whose rhetoric and policy initiatives while serving in office align with what she wants to be done in the future. Which model of voting behavior does this best represent?

Prospective voting

Tom Haverford has never voted in an election before, but is excited about Leslie Knope's campaign promises and decides to support her in the 2020 presidential election in hopes that she will be able to achieve those policy goals. Which model of voting behavior does this best represent?

Prospective voting

Gabriel Sarwan only votes for political candidates whose platforms directly benefit the profitability of his small business. Which model of voting behavior does this best represent?

Rational choice voting

Selina voted for Senator Bruce Wayne (D-NY) in 2008 and was unhappy with his performance in office because he didn't fix the economy. So in the 2014 midterm elections, Selina decides to vote for Barbara Kean, a Republican candidate. Which model of voting behavior does this best represent?

Retrospective voting

Which of the following best explains why direct primaries have become a mainstay of American politics since the early 1900s?

The democratic merits of giving the electorate more influence in choosing candidates outweigh the benefits of depending on party leaders' expertise

Which of the following best explains a consequence of candidate-centered campaigns?

The party's role in nominating candidates has weakened

Horse race journalism is best defined as which of the following?

When the media focuses on who is winning an election rather than on policy agendas and debates

Even though he just retired, Bill sees no reason to join the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), as the dues are not enough to make much difference in protecting his health care, and he expects that he will benefit from the association's activities whether he becomes a member or not. This scenario reflects which of the following political concepts?

Free-rider problem