Government Unit Test (Ch. 17 and Ch.18)

Least Developed Countries

LDCs) the poorest countries in the world, numbering around 50, with the lowest per capita incomes and living standards

What is the link between illegal production of foreign goods and U.S. foreign policy goals?

The United States protects economic interests by stopping illegal production of foreign goods

Which of the following is an example of an IGO?

United Nations

Embargo

a ban on trade with another country

Foreign Policy

a course of action developed by a country's leaders to pursue the nation's vital interests in its dealings with other countries

Ambassador

a diplomatic official of the highest rank sent by one country as its long-term representative to another country or to an international organization

Summit

a gathering of heads of state or other high-ranking officials to discuss matters of great importance to their countries

Covenant

a legally binding agreement

Sanction

a measure taken by one or more nations to pressure another country into changing its policies or complying with international law

Covert Action

a secret operation that supports a country's foreign policy

Collective Security

a system for maintaining peace based on an agreement among nations to act together to prevent or defend against aggression

U.S. foreign policy helps advance humanitarian ideals by

all of the above

Protocol

an amendment or addition to a treaty or convention

Global Warming

an increase in world temperatures, believed to be caused by increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Convention

an international agreement on matters of broad interest

Visa

an official document issued by a country's government allowing a foreigner to enter and travel in that country

Which worldview shaped the Bush administration's foreign policy?

antiterrorism

The worldview on foreign policy that focuses on controlling aggressive nations is called

containment

Sustainable Development

economic development that meets the needs of people today without exhausting the resources that will be needed to sustain future generations

What is diplomatic immunity?

exemption from a host country's laws for ambassadors

The Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917 is an aspect of the United States'

foreign policy

The need to get a majority of members to support a decision is a downside to membership in an IGO because

going along with the majority may mean surrendering a bit of national sovereignty

Which of the following is the most important influence Congress has on foreign policy?

having control over funds

Multilateral

having to do with three or more countries

The goals of the Millennium Declaration are meant to

help impoverished people around the world

The United Nations is a champion of sustainable development. This means that it

helps the economy of developing countries in a way that meets the needs of the world's people without exhausting resources

Intelligence

information about the activities and intentions of other countries

An NGO whose purpose is advocacy would most likely have

members speaking out on issues related to human rights

In U.S. foreign policy, forming military alliances and armed forces are used to ensure

national security

Thinkers who support isolationism believe that the United States should

pull away from world affairs

Human Rights

rights that are regarded as belonging to all people; such as the right to life, liberty, and equality before the law, as well as freedom of religion, expression, and assembly

When two countries establish cross-border trade relations, it is a soft power tool because it

shows desire to have more contact between their peoples

Advocacy

speaking out on issues of concern

Diplomacy

the art and practice of managing communication and relationships between nations

The structure of the Security Council can limit the effectiveness of the UN because

the five permanent members with veto power often have different foreign policy agendas

Embassy

the official headquarters of an ambassador and his or her staff

Nationalization

the transfer of private property to government ownership

Globalization

the trend toward more open, or less restricted, and free travel, trade, and communication among nations and their peoples

In U.S. assistance programs, what is the purpose of humanitarian assistance?

to aid victims of human-made and natural disasters

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and ANZUS are examples of IGOs that were formed

to serve the security interests of their members

When responding to natural disasters, NGOs

usually bring help to survivors before IGOs.

Global Climate Change

variations in Earth's overall climate over periods of time

Bilateral

Having to do with two countries

Why did Theodore Roosevelt win the Noble Peace Prize?

He acted as a mediator between Russia and Japan in order to preserve peace

How does the United Nations carry out peacekeeping missions?

It depends on collective security

Which of the following is true about CARE?

Its mission changed from helping victims of war to helping people in need anywhere in the world

Nongovernmental Organizations

(NGOs) an international group formed by private individuals and associations to provide a service or pursue a public policy

Intergovernmental Organizations

(IGOs)an international group formed by nations, often with the goal of increasing trade or security