Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care Chapters 8-14

Nonbinary

A person whose gender identity does not fit into the category of man or woman; the person's gender may be in between those two categories or may be entirely different from them

Cisgender, cis

A person whose gender identity matches the person's birth sex (sex assigned at birth due to anatomy)

Gay

A person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for people of the same sex

Bisexual, bi

A person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction may be for people of the same gender or different gender

Queer

A term used to describe sexual orientation that is not exclusively heterosexual; may not be accepted by everyone within the LGBTQ community

Lesbian

A woman whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for other women

Hinduism

Believing in karma is a part of this religion

Judaism

Believing that god gave laws through Moses in the form of the Torah is part of this religion

The brainstem controls

Breathing and swallowing

Oxytocin

Causes the uterus to contract during and after childbirth

Muscle coordination and nerves are affected by this disorder

Cerebral Palsy

The ______ is the part of the brain that controls thinking, speech, and voluntary muscles.

Cerebral cortex

What cushions the brain and spinal cord against injury?

Cerebrospinal fluid

One type of cancer that regular physical activity lessens the risk of

Colon

Homeostasis

Condition in which all body systems are working at their best

The nervous system

Controls and coordinates body functions

Antidiretic hormone

Controls the balance of fluids in the body

The resting phase of the heart, when the chambers fill with blood, is called

Diastole

Process of preparing food physically and chemically so that it can be absorbed into the cells

Digestion

Developmental disability that causes a small skull, flattened nose, and shorter fingers

Down Syndrome

Organs

Each has a specific function in the body

A fetus develops inside the

Endometrium

The _____ contains blood vessels to provide for the growth of an embryo

Endometrium

Intense tantrums, a short attention span, differences in expressing emotions, and an inability to make this type of contact may result from autism spectrum disorder

Eye Contact

A child takes three years from birth to be able to move around, communicate, basic needs, and feed himself

False

As people age, they often become helpless and confused

False

Caregivers should encourage infants to stand as soon as they can hold their heads up

False

Children learn to speak between ages 3 and 5

False

Infant physical development moves from the hands to the head

False

Preschool children are too young to know right from wrong

False

Semisolid material made up of water, solid waste material, bacteria, and mucus that passes through the rectum and out of the body

Feces

But all human beings have the same basic physical needs

Food and Water

How many chambers does the heart have?

Four

The male and female sex glands are the

Gonads

Before activities begin, something that nursing assistants can help residents with

Grooming

What functions as the pump of the circulatory system?

Heart

What gives the blood its red color?

Iron

Thyroid gland

Located in the neck in front of the larynx and produces thyroid hormone

Tissues

Made up of a group of cells that performs a similar task

Pituitary gland

Master gland of the body

Insulin

Moves glucose from the blood into the cells for energy for the body

The peripheral nervous system deals with the outer part of the body via the

Nerves

The basic unit of the nervous system is the

Neuron

Federal law requiring that facilities provider an activities program that meets the interests of residents

OBRA

The gonads in human females are called

Ovaries

Involuntary contractions that move food into the stomach from the esophagus

Peristalsis

Islam

Praying five times a day facing Mecca and worshipping at mosques are part of this religion's practice

Adrenal Glands

Produce hormones that regulate salt and water absorption in kidneys and produce the hormone adrenaline

Gonads

Produces the hormones that regulate the ability to reproduce

Parathyroid glands

Secretes a hormone to regulate calcium use

Pancreas

Secretes insulin

The skin is also a ______ organ that feels heat, cold, pain, touch, and pressure.

Sense

The largest organ and system in the body is the

Skin

Split Spine

Spina Bifida

The ability to cope with this is one benefit of regular activity

Stress

The contracting phase of the heart, when the ventricles pump blood through the blood vessels, is called

Systole

A nursing assistant should allow a resident to do a ________ independently even if it is easier for the NA to do it.

Task/ADL

Cells

The body's building blocks

Metabolism

The body's physical and chemical processes

The nerve pathways in the spinal cord conduct messages between

The brain and body

The central nervous system is made up of

The brain and spinal cord

The left hemisphere of the brain controls

The right side of the body

From ages 5 to 10, children learn to get along with each other

True

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchange between the alveoli and the capillaries

True

Preadolescents are often easy to get along with and are able to handle more responsibility than they were before

True

Putting an infant to sleep on its back can reduce the risk of sudden instant death syndrome (SIDS)

True

School-age children 5 to 10 years develop cognitively and socially

True

The pleura is a membrane that covers the lungs

True

The tube through which males pass both urine and semen is called the

Urethra

What is plasma mostly made up of?

Water

Coming Out

a continual process of revealing one's sexual orientation or gender identity to others

Gender Identity

a deeply felt sense of one's gender

Transfer of nutrients from the intestines to the cells

absorption

Something increased by regular activity, in addition to promoting better eating habits

appetite

The functions of the respiratory system are to

bring oxygen into the body and to eliminate carbon dioxide produced as the body uses oxygen

The two main parts of the nervous system are

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

Semiliquid substance created by the breaking down of food in the stomach

chyme

blood vessels __ or narrow, when the outside temperature is too cold

constrict

The functions of the nervous system are to

control and coordinate all body functions and to sense, interpret, and respond to changes occurring both inside and outside the human body

A loss of independence can cause increased ___

dependence

Blended families

divorced or widowed parents who have remarried and have children from previous relationships and/or the current marriage

Process of expelling wastes (made up of the waste products of food and fluids) that are not absorbed into the cells

elimination

Blood vessels ____ or widen, when the outside temperature is too high.

expand

A loss of ___ is very difficult for a person to deal with

independence

Skin prevents _____ to internal organs

injury

Most common developmental disorder

intellectual disability

Psychosocial needs

involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and spirituality; Acceptance by others

When a contracture develops

muscle shortens, becomes inflexible, and "freezes" in position

Single-parent families

one parent and one or more children

Extended families

parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, other relatives, and even friends

NAs should encourage ___, regardless of how long it takes or how poorly residents are able to do it

self care

Muscular pouch located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity

stomach

the functions of the circulatory system are to

supply food, oxygen, and hormones to cells and to supply the body with infection-fighting blood cells. The circulatory system removes waste products from cells and also helps control body temperature

Systole

the contracting stage; when the ventricles pump blood through the blood vessels

Diastole

the resting phase; when the chambers fill with blood

The functions of the musculoskeletal system are

to give the body shape and structure, to allow the body to move, to protect the body organsns, to maintain posture, and to provide heat

The functions of the integumentary system are

to protect internal organs from injury, protect the body against bacteria, and prevent the loss of too much water. It also responds to heat, cold, pain, touch, and pressure, and it regulates body temperature.

Nuclear Families

two parents and one or more children

Type of infection that inactivity can result in

urinary tract

Skin also prevents the loss of too much______ which is essential to life

water