HESI A2 Practice Test
What is the primary stimulus for breathing?
Carbon dioxide in the blood
Which of the following shows the correct order of the flow of waste through the large intestine?
Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
What is the basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs?
Cell
The bond between water molecules is called what?
Covalent bond
During which stage of mitosis does the single cell split into two separate daughter cells?
Cytokinesis
Which of the following shows how information is transformed to make a protein?
DNA-RNA-protein
Which of the following is not a property of water?
Density of liquid form is less than solid form
Which substance in the teeth continues to form throughout life and supports the enamel?
Dentin
Darwin proposed that current species arose from a process he called "_____ _____ _____"
Descent with modification
What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
Chocolate cysts of the ovaries are attributed to which of the following?
Endometriosis
Reactions that absorb heat are called what?
Endothermic
Where does sperm maturation occur?
Epididymis
A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on internal surface of stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?
Epithelial
Which of the following is true of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria
Most scientists agree that the core theme in biology today is the idea of _____.
Evolution
A(n) _____ is a repeatable procedure of gathering data to support or refute the hypothesis.
Experiment
The second step in experimentation is the _____.
Experiment
Worms lack which of the following?
Eyes and Brain
TRUE or FALSE: Most molecules, when they are in solid form, will float on the liquid form of the substance.
FALSE
In which location does a sperm cell first fertilize an egg?
Fallopian tube
Which is not a function of the the liver?
Filtering damaged red blood cells
What is the cilium-like structure that certain bacteria cells have which allows them to attach to a host tissue?
Fimbria
What is the name of Darwin's 1859 book, in which he first introduced the notion of evolution?
On the Origin of Species
Thigmotropism is the oriented growth of an organism in response to which of the following?
Physical contact
The blood volume in the average adult male is?
5-6 liters
What is the bladder capacity of the average adult?
500 ml
846 x 7 =
5912
In the formula C12H22O11 the 12 behind the carbon represents the 12 what of carbon?
Atoms
Using the Lewis-dot structure model, how many dots would Carbon have?
4
How many double bonds do saturated fatty acids contain in their hydrocarbon tail?
0
What is the molar mass of Calcium if the atomic mass is 40 amu?
40g
673 - 241 =
432
806 x 55 =
44330
547 - 88 =
465
18 - 7.55 =
10.65
222 - 114 =
108
Edie has 132 tulip bulbs. She wants to plant all of the tulip bulbs in 12 rows. How many tulip bulbs will Edie plant in each row?
11
Jeff walks 5 miles west then turns north and walked 8 miles. How far has Jeff walked?
11 miles
21.36 - 8.79 =
11.84
795 x 14 =
11410
132 / 11 =
12
12478 - 467 =
12011
2466 / 2 =
1233
1372 + 139 =
1511
9438 x 165 =
1557270
9.2 + 7.55 =
16.75
John is ordering lunch for the volunteers at the hospital. There are 12 units in the hospital, with 15 volunteers in each unit. How many lunches will John need to order?
180
582 x 325 =
189150
Julie picks 26 tomatoes from the tomato plants in her garden. She gives 7 tomatoes to her next-door neighbor. How many tomatoes does Julie have now?
19
325 x 6 =
1950
1803 + 156 =
1959
Erin has 6.25 peach pies. She gives Rose 3.75 of the peach pies. How many pies does Erin have left?
2.5
123 + 54 + 23 =
200
859 / 4 =
214.75
999 x 22 =
21978
22 + 3.26 =
25.26
325 / 13 =
26
31.84 - 2.430 =
29.41
8.5 + 7.55 + 14 =
29.6
Bill has 2.5 vacation days left for the rest of the year and 1.25 sick days left. If bill uses all of his sick days and his vacation days, how many days will he have off work?
3.75
9618 / 3 =
326
72 chromosomes undergo meiosis. How many chromosomes will be in each gamete?
36
5024 / 8 =
628
2.258 + 64.58 =
66.818
What is the normal pH in the body?
7.35-7.45
653 x 12 =
7296
3705 / 5 =
741
Jan is preparing an examination for 29 students. Each student will have 30 questions, with no student having duplicate questions. How many questions will Jan need to prepare?
870
There are 225 pieces of candy in a large jar. Ben wants to give the 25 campers in his group an even amount of candy. How many pieces of candy will each camper receive?
9
892.2 + 56 =
958.2
835 + 145 =
980
6987 / 7 =
996.4267
A person with AB- blood can NOT receive blood from whom?
AB+
The breakdown of which of the following provides the energy needed for chemical reactions in the body?
ATP
Definition: Sudden
Abrupt
Definition: To voluntarily refrain from something.
Abstain
Definition: A means to obtain entry or a means of approach.
Access
Definition: Responsible
Accountable
The movement of a substance across a cell membrane from low to high concentration is known as what?
Active transport
Definition: To hold fast or stick together
Adhere
Which of the following is not produced by an exocrine gland?
Adrenaline
Definition: Undesired, possible harmful
Adverse
What are bacteria that need oxygen to survive called?
Aerobic
Which of the following is NOT a part of the body's chemical defense system against infection?
Agranulocyte
The exchange of gases in the lungs occurs where?
Alveoli
In an ionic bond, a positively charged ion is attracted to what type of ion?
Anion
Where are neurotransmitters released?
Axon terminal
The structures that moves nerve impulses away from the cell body are called what?
Axons
A person with type B blood has which of the following?
B antigens on the red blood cells
Where is the pyloric sphincter located?
Between the stomach and small intestine
Ligaments connect which of the following?
Bone to bone
BF3 is also known as what?
Boron trifluoride
Which of the following statements is true about the Krebs cycle and the Calvin cycle?
Both result in a net production of ATP and NADH.
Which of the following is considered an example of naturally acquired passive immunity?
Breastfeeding
What mineral is responsible for muscle contractions?
Calcium
Who first introduced the idea of evolution, and in what year was it introduced?
Charles Darwin; 1859
Which is not a part of of the electrical conduction system of the heart?
Chordae Tendineae
The final step in the scientific process is _____.
Conclusion
The change in state from a gas to liquid is called what?
Condensation
Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?
Connective
What are the glands of the skin that produce a thin, watery secretion?
Eccrine glands
Which part of cellular respiration produces the greatest amount of ATP?
Electron transport chain
Blood vessels enter and exit bones through which structure?
Foramina
Mycology is defined as the study of what?
Fungi
Which is not a morphology of bacterial classification?
Gram
The vertical columns of the periodic table are called what?
Groups
Bleaches, disinfectants, & salts often contain elements from which nonmetal group?
Halogens
In what area of the body would you expect to find an especially thick stratum corneum?
Heel of the foot
The ability of an open system to regulate its internal environment to maintain stable conditions is...
Homeostasis
It is the polar nature of water that allows for _____ bonding between molecules.
Hydrogen
What is the most abundant element in the universe?
Hydrogen
A(n) _____ is a statement or explanation of certain events or happenings.
Hypothesis
For an experiment to be performed, the first step is _____.
Hypothesis
Where do bacteria live?
In the human body In soil in water
Where is interstitial fluid found in the body?
In the tissues around cells
Which is not an affect of photo-oxidation?
Increase in tensile strength
A particle with a negative or positive charge is referred to as what?
Ion
What does lipase do?
It breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
Which of the following is NOT true of epithelial tissue?
It is vascular
Which of the following taxonomic ranks is arranged to show broadest, most inclusive to narrowest, most exclusive?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class
List the hierarchic system of organization from most inclusive to least.
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Bile is produced by what structure?
Liver
Which is not a property of metals?
Low density
Which type of cell division takes place in the gonads?
Meiosis
Which one of the following elements is liquid at room temperature?
Mercury
A cell from heart muscle would more than likely contain an unusually high proportion of:
Mitochondria
Which organelle is responsible for generating ATP that is used for chemical energy?
Mitochondria
Why is it important for cells to undergo mitosis?
Mitosis produces cells for growth and repair of body tissues.
What is the name of the heart valve between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Mitral valve
Decomposition occurs fastest in which of the following environments?
Moist, oxygenated
Simple carbohydrates composed of a single ring are also called what?
Monosaccharides
What is the name the layer of the heart used for contraction that has striated muscle fibers?
Myocardium
Where is the hyoid bone located?
Neck
What is the functional unit of the kidney called?
Nephron
Nerve tissue is composed of neuron and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?
Neuroglia
Which of the following is not a component of lipids?
Nitrogen
What is the name of NO2?
Nitrogen dioxide
Which blood group is considered the universal donor?
O-
Which cells are responsible for bone formation?
Osteoblasts
What is the most abundant element on earth?
Oxygen
What is the hormone that stimulates uterine contractions?
Oxytocin
Which of the following is not an example of an ecosystem?
Ozone
One partner benefiting while the other is harmed is what form of symbiotic relationship?
Parasitism
Which of the following is a disease not caused by bacteria?
Parkinson's
Which of the the following locations would the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs be found?
Pelvic cavity
The most significant aspect of water is the _____ of its _____.
Polarity; bonds
Athletes are often concerned with the question of what they need in their diets to increase muscle mass and strength. What biologic molecule would you recommend that would accomplish this?
Proteins
Positively charged particles in an atom are called what?
Protons
What is the only artery in the body to carry oxygen poor blood?
Pulmonic artery
What are the names of the bones in the lower arm?
Radius and ulna
What is not a function of the kidney?
Regulate CO2 levels in the blood
Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cava?
Right atrium
Which of the following is NOT a biotic factor?
Rock
Which of the following is considered the primary pacemaker of the heart?
SA node
Halophile archaebacteria only survive in environments with which of the following?
Salt
What is the longest muscle in the human body?
Sartorius
A solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute is said to be what?
Saturated
Which organelle would you expect to be present in a cell responsible for detoxifying multiple molecules?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which chemical(s) carry an impulse along a nerve cell?
Sodium and potassium
High density matter, which is little affected by pressure, and holds its shape, is classified as which of the following?
Solid
A catalyst increases which of the following in a chemical reaction?
Speed
In birds and bees, their crop is responsible for what?
Storing food prior to digestion
Which salivary gland produces mucin?
Sublingual
When placed in a hypotonic solution, a cell will do which of the following?
Swell
TRUE OR FALSE: Science is a process.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Hydrogen bonding results in strong cohesive and adhesive properties.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: If ice did not float, lakes would freeze from the bottom to the top.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: One powerful benefit of water's relatively high specific heat is the ability of oceans or large bodies of water to stabilize climates.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Water is known as the universal solvent.
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Water's high specific heat is one benefit of the hydrogen bonding that results from the polar nature of water.
TRUE
Viscosity increases in what circumstance?
Temperature decrease
Which lobe of the brain is associated with organizing sensory information, language, speech production, and memory formation?
Temporal
Positive feedback is a mechanism used by the body that results in amplification or enhancement of a signal that has already been activated. An example of this would be:
The release of oxytocin to increase contractions during childbirth
Why is polarity the most important characteristic of water?
The results of the polarity are hydrogen bonding, a high specific heat value, and its versatile solvent properties.
What is the earliest defense against invading bacteria?
The skin
Which of the following is NOT true of synovial joints?
They are found in the intervertebral discs of the spinal column
Why are bones considered to be organs?
They contain nervous and connective tissue
Which of the following is true of gas particles?
They exert no force on one another
The volume of air in a normal breath is called what?
Tidal volume
The stigma serves what purpose?
To collect pollen
DNA & RNA contain many of the same nitrogen-containing bases. Which base is only found in RNA?
Uracil
What is the name of the tube connecting the bladder to the kidney?
Ureter
Which of the following would produce Hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution and would turn a litmus test from blue to red?
Vinegar
Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin C
Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body by participating in the production of which of the following?
Vitamin D
Dihydrogen monoxide is better known as which of the following?
Water
What molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom?
Water
_____ is the substance that makes life possible.
Water
When plants do not receive enough water, their photosynthetic rate drops. This is because:
Water is a raw material for the light reactions in photosynthesis.
_____ is the ability of water to bond to or attract other molecules or substances.
adhesion
Where is fat stored within the skeletal system?
Yellow bone marrow
When water is sprayed on a wall, some of it sticks to the wall. This is an example of _____.
adhesion
_____ are generally in long chains, or polymers, of sugars.
carbohydrates
Name the 4 most significant molecules to biology.
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acid
_____ is the ability of a molecule to stay bonded or attracted to another molecule of the same substance.
cohesion
Lipids are better known as _____.
fats
Specifically, lipids are:
fatty acids, phospholipids, and steroids
The lattice structure of frozen water results in the phenomenon of _____.
floating
When water freezes, it forms a _____, which actually causes the molecules to spread apart.
lattice
Which pH would be the most basic?
pH 9
The _____ of water allows it to act as a versatile solvent.
polarity
Cardiovascular problems are likely with diets that contain high quantities of _____ fats.
saturated
With regard to saturated or unsaturated fats, which of the two is considered more detrimental to health.
saturated
Name the 2 main categories of fatty acids:
saturated and unsaturated
Saturated fats are _____, whereas unsaturated fats are _____ at room temperature.
solid; liquid
The _____ of a molecule is the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 gram of that molecule by 1 degree Celsius.
specific heat
Water has a relatively high _____ value, which allows water to resist shifts in temperature.
specific heat
Name the 3 most important functions of carbohydrates.
storage, structure, and energy
