hip and glute muscles
What 3 arteries supply the hip joint?
Artery of the head of the femur, median and lateral circumflex arteries.
What type of joint is the acetabulofemoral joint?
Ball and socket synovial joint.
Why does the hip joint have more rotation when flexed?
Because when extended, the ligaments are twisted.
What does the ligament of the head of the femur contain?
Blood vessels for the bone's development.
Where do the median and lateral circumflex arteries of the femur come from?
Deep femoral artery.
What's the function of the lateral rotater group?
Abduct flexed hip. Laterally rotate extended hip.
What's the arrow pointing to?
Acetabular notch.
What's the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of the gluteus medius and minimus?
Ilium. Greater trochanter. Abduct and medially rotate hip. Superior gluteal nerve.
What's the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of the gluteus maximus?
Ilium/sacrum/sacrotuberous ligament. Iliotibial tract. Extend and laterlaly rotate hip. Inferior gluteal nerve.
What's the upper red nerve?
Superior gluteal.
What innervates the tensor fasciae lata?
Superoir gluteal nerve.
What's the yellow part of the hip joint?
Transverse acetabular ligament.
How do you avoid the sciatic nerves when injecting into the buttocks?
Upper outer quadrant of the buttocks.
Branches of what nerves supply the hip joint?
Femoral, obturator, sciatic.
What's the labrum made of, and what's its function?
Fibrocartilage. Deepens the socket.
What's the function of the iliotibial tract?
Flex the hip and stabilise the knee.
What's this?
Fossa capitis.
What are the 2 attachements of the ligament of the head of the femur?
Fossa capitis. Acetabular notch.
What's the origin of gemellus superior and obturator internus?
Gemellus superior: ischial spine. Obturator internus: obturator membrane.
What muscles are impaired to cause a Trendelenburg gait?
Gluteus medius. Gluteus minimus.
What opening do structures use to travel from pelvis to gluteal region?
Greater sciatic foramen.
Where does the lateral rotater group insert?
Greater trochanter.
What's this movement?
Hip abduction.
Where does the tensor fasciae lata run from and to?
Iliac crest --> iliotibial tract.
What's the purple ligament?
Iliofemoral.
What's the lower dark red nerve?
Inferior gluteal.
What's the origin of gemellus inferior and quadratus femoris?
Ischial tuberosity.
What's the brown ligament?
Ischiofemoral.
What's Hilton's law?
Joints tend to be innervated by the same nerves that supply muscles that cross and act on that joint.
What nerve roots form the sacral plexus?
L4-S4.
What's the green label?
Labrum.
What group of muscles is this?
Lateral rotater group.
Where does the iliotibial tract insert?
Lateral tibia.
What's the blue part of the hip joint?
Lunate surface. Hyaline cartilage.
What action do piriformis, obturator internus, and gemelli do when the hip is flexed?
Medialy rotate and abduct.
What arteries would be disrupted by a femoral neck fracture?
Median and lateral circumflex, artery to the head of the femur.
What's the green nerve?
Nerve to obturator internus.
What's the innervation of the lateral rotater group?
Nerve to piriformis, obturator internys, and quadratus femoris.
What's the artery of the head of the femur a branch of, and where does it travel?
Obturator. With the ligament.
What's iliotibial tract syndrome?
Overuse causing pain as tract passes over lateral femoral epicondyle or greater trochanter.
What's the mnemonic to remember the lateral rotater plus extra muscle?
P GO GO Q Piriformis superior Gemellus Obturator internus inferior Gemellus Obturator externus Quadratus femoris
What's the bright red nerve?
Pedendal.
What's the purpose of the acetabular notch?
Permits vessels to enter joint. Ligament from femur head attaches.
What's the purple nerve?
Posterior femoral cutaneous.
What 3 ligaments reinforce the hip joint capsule?
Pubofemoral, iliofemoral, ischiofemoral.
What's the green ligament?
Pubofemoral.
What's the green ligament?
Sacrospinous.
What's the yellow ligament?
Sacrotuberous.
What's the origin of piriformis?
Sacrum, and passes through greater sciatic foramen.
What nerve runs over the greater sciatic notch?
Sciatic nerve.
What's the thick black nerve?
Sciatic.