Hist 1001 Ross Test 1
Diaspora
"The scattering"
Agon
"agony" or "struggle"
Exodus
"to exit"
For the Greeks, the polis was what three things?
A built up physical place, a territory, and a political community of citizens
Helots
Captives/slaves
Ark of the Covenant
Container of tablet of the law- the Torah
Nebuchanezzar
Destroyed city (Jerusalem) and Temple
Battle of Salamis
Destruction of Persian navy
Canaan
Homeland of the Hebrews
Time
Honor or worth
What role did Persia play in the Peloponnesian War
It lent naval support to Sparta and financed the continuing Spartan war effort
How did the Lycurgan code of life shape Sparta?
It militarized Spartan society
What was the purpose of the Egyptian Book of the Dead?
It prepared the living for their encounter with the God Orisis after they died
Why should Athenian democracy always be qualified as Athenian democracy?
It was complex and quite difference from democracy today
Papyrus
Paper made from reeds
How did the economic basis of Greek life change during the Dark Age?
The Greeks relied less on sea trading and more on farming
Why did the Persian incorporation of Lydia launch the Persian Wars?
The Persians needed clear access to the Mediterranean Sea
The main religion of the Persian Empire at the time of its invasion of Greece
a dualistic religion eventually systematized by the prophet Zoroaster
The Neolithic period connotes the move to what kind of society?
agricultural
Which of the following best describes tyrants?
autocrats who seized power by force
Mycenae
capital of Agamemnon's kingdom in northern Peloponnesus
Catal Hayuk was a...
community of nearly 1000 rectangular houses in Ahatolia
Aside from Homer's poems, the earliest Greek writing consists of...
curses, official dedications, and lists
What reforms did the statesman solon institute in his attempt to deal with the social tensions in Athens?
debt relief and broader participation of the difference Athenian orders in the political system
Ostracism, which the Athenians introduced during the interwar years (489-481 BCE) was a...
democratic technique for expelling dangerous individuals
The first domesticated animal was the
dog
The Assyrian and Babylonian attacks marked the beginning of the Diaspora or...
emigration of Hebrews from Israel to other lands
Thermoplaye
famous 300 where Spartans help Persians so Athenians could defeat Persians
Herodotus
father of history
Phalanx
fighting formation
Battle of Marathon
first defeat of Persians
Sumer was at the mercy of its
great rivers
The original Egyptian script is called
heiroglyphics
The soldier who stood in line with his fellows in the rectangular formation of infantry was called a
hoplite
Sophicles' Antigoee explores the nature of power and the danger of pride or?
hubris
The Dark Age of Greece is so called because
the Greece of this period left few material traces
What important clue strongly suggests that Homer's poems really culturally belonged to the Greek Dark Age rather than the Mycenaen Era?
the cremation of Homer's heroes
Neolithic Period Dates
10,000 BCE-8,000 BCE
Paleolithic Period Dates
250,000 BCE-10,000 BCE
Heinrich Schliemann
Businessman who wanted to find Troy
Traditionally the first fixed date of ancient Greece is 776 BCE because...
A pan Hellenic festival was convened at Olypmia
Where did our species, homo sapiens sapiens reach its basic form?
Africa
Pericles
Athenian War hero of Thucydides' history he does not make it through the war
Why did the Peloponnesian cities led by Sparta fight Athens in the Peloponnesian War?
Athenian imperialism threatened the city state system in Greece
Year long siege at Syracuse
Athens started to conquer East did not work
What was the great Athenian mistake that led to the Peloponnesian War?
Athens thought it could rise above the balance of powers that produced the polis system of the many Greeces
Delian League
Athens- Big Players Original purpose was to fight Persia Turned into Athens being an imperialistic power
Historical Period Dates
Begins around 3,000 BCE
Why was Egypt more politically stable, confident, and self sufficient than Mesopotamia?
Egypt's geography left it isolated and protected from frequent turmoil
Hieroglyphics
Egyptian form of writing
What is the chief characteristic of the "Mesopotamian model" of civilization?
Empires emerge from important cities dominate and incorporate other cities and lands
Torah
First 5 books of the Hebrew BIble
Sumer/Sumerians
First civilization
Kleos
Glory and honor
Abraham
Had special relationship with God; father of the Hebrews
Rosetta Stone
Helped decipher hieroglyphics
Thucydides
Historian of the Peloponnesian War, wrote the funeral oration
Historiari
History or "to investigate"
For Thucydides, what was the meaning of the Peloponnesian conflict?
History was a contest for power, and the Peloponnesian conflict a case study of its abuse and the dire consequences of bad policies
Ethical Monotheism
One God that cares about people's moral standing
Why did the festival to the god Dionysus in Athens become another opportunity for civil and political discourse?
In the hands of the great playwrights, these tragedies probed universal human problems and under their guise, contemporary Athenian crises
Neolithic Revolution
Invention and discovery of agriculture
Which of the following statements about the Greek alphabet is true?
It appeared early in the 8th century BCE adapted from the Phoenician alphabet
Agamemnon
King of Mycenaen Greeks- Main character in the Illiad and Odyssey
Akhenaten
King who wanted a monotheistic worship of the Sun God
Judges
Leaders who took over after Moses died
King Leonidas
Led 300 Thermopoly
Linear A
Minoan writing system
Tabernacle
Moving temple where ark was carried
Linear B
Mycenaens writing system
Nile Valley
Narrow bend in midst of desert
In Mesopotamian society, writing was a tool that empowered...
Priests and rulers
King Cyrus of Persia
Rebuilt the temple
Hammurabi's Code of Law
Set of rules and penalties
What happened after the cities of Mycenaen Greece were attacked and destroyed?
Some people still lived in the same locations, but not in the same style
At the battle of Marathon in 490 BCE...
Ten thousand heavily armed Athenian hoplites defeated the Persian force
After the death of King Solomon...
The kingdom was divided into two independent kingdoms
Why was Europe well behind the Near East culturally and economically?
The warmer Fertile Crescent blossomed while Europe still felt the effects of the Ice Age
Why was there a rise in blood feuds between families in Greece after the time of the Mycenaens?
There were few economic outlets and no larger governments or legal systems
Why did the Hebrew civilization endure and remain largely immune to assimilation unlike the other civilizations of the early ancient world?
They developed a singular religious identity and core beliefs
Why were archaic greek institutions like the Olympic Games or the sanctuary of the god Apollo at Delphi so important?
They meditated local differences between rivals, for the Greeks were deeply divided
What was the purpose of the building of the pyramids?
They were tombs for rulers, to receive their bodies for the journey to the after life
Cuneiform
Type of writing Sumerians used
Arete
Virtue or excellence
Battle of Platea
last major battle of Persian War Ultimate victory over Persians
The most celebrated document to survive from the reign of Hammurabi is his famous...
law code
Lycurgus
legendary law giver that gave a Utopian society
European hunter-gatherers of the period from about 35000 to 15000 years ago began to produce
objects with symbolic meaning
In what ways did Greece remake itself locally after the Mycenaens?
powerful extended families established themselves
The Athenian demosheld Pericles in high esteem because he
provided jobs, food, and diversion, and stroked their pride in their polis
The Epic of Gilgamesh is not only the world's first great literary work, but an example of the meshing of...
royal and religious persons
Hoplites
soldiers
Herodotus indirectly warned Athens about the dangers of
straying beyond its native land
By studying Indo-European words, scholars have concluded...
that the original Indo-European speakers came from a northern region
The wealth of the Mycenaens came primarily from
trade and war
The great epic poems, the Illiad and Odessey...
were retelling of older oral stories from the preceding Mycenaen Age
Why was God's renewal of the covenant with the Hebrews a defining moment in Jewish religious history?
with it the Hebrews had their own legally based and religiously sanctioned legal and moral code