History of California

By 1550 there were about ____ different Native American tribes in California

100

In what year did the first organized company of American settlers, the Bidwell-Bartleson party, arrive in California

1841

The Mexican-American War began in _____ and ended in _____.

1846; 1848

California historians began producing the first local and state histories in the (unit 1)

1870s

According to your textbook, in 1550 there were about _____ Native Americans in California

300,000 to 1,000,000

California farmers use about ____ percent of California's water supply

80%

Spain's renewed interest in California in the 1580s was fueled by

A need for a port for Manilia galleons

This was the most important plant food source for most foothill tribelets

Acorns

Native women were MOST prominent in the production of this type of art:

Basket Weaving

In histories aimed towards non-academic audiences, California has been MOST commonly portrayed as a(n)

Benevolent land of opportunity

How were the structures of justice determined in the early years of the mining camps?

By the miners themselves

According to the textbook

California is a unique paradise unrivaled anywhere in the world (best guess)

Spain's empire in the Western Hemisphere included all of the following, EXCEPT

Canada

Cabrillo found this part of California beautiful and alluring:

Channel Islands

Cabrillo and his men were particularly impressed by the seafaring skills and affluence of this time

Chumash

By 1550, the California Native American population density was highest in

Coastal area

Why did American emigrants to 1840s Mexican California have such an easy time settling there?

Corrupt local officials had the power to grant passports

Transactions between American hide-and-tallow ships and California locals used this as currency:

Cow hides

Which of the following did NOT occur in the millennium prior to European colonization?

Decrease importance of kinship and lineage

Regarding food practices by Native Californians, it is true that

Different tribelets adapted their food gathering practices to the regions they inhabited

Which American residents were MOST likely to head to the California gold fields by sea

East Coast residents

Native American s arrived in North America from

Eastern Asia

Of the following centuries, which had the MOST severe drought

Eighteenth century (best guess)

Which of the following was NOT a port involved in the hide-and-tallow of Mexican California?

Eureka

At the end of the seven year's war, this country emerged as the biggest threat to Spanish interest in the Americas:

Great Britain

In the California of 400 years ago, ________ were at the top of the food chain

Grizzlies

Why did Sam Brannan break the news in San Francisco of the discovery gold on the American River?

He wanted to sell merchandise to gold miners

What was Cermeño's reward for returning to Mexico with valuable charts of the California coast?

He was investigated for unprofessional conduct

Which of the following regions has the highest temperatures in summer?

Interior of Southern California

Which of the following statements about the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is NOT true?

It has a reliable supply of freshwater

Which of the following statements about the Pacific High is NOT true?

It typically move south in late spring/early summer

Who took command of the Bear Flag Revolt on July 5, 1846?

John C. Frémont

Much of California has a(n) __________ climate

Mediterranean

Which group was at the bottom of the class hierarchy of Mexican California?

Mestizos Rancheros (best guess)

In July of 1769, Portolá headed north in search of

Monterey

Based on recent scholarship discussed in the text, which of the following of these statements is the BEST answer?

Native Californians at times had substantial negative impacts on their natural environments (best guess)

Which of the following regions has the highest average annual precipitation?

Northwestern California

In 1845, the Mexican government thought the _____ River should be the dividing line between Mexico and Texas

Nueces

Which type of mining was LEAST damaging to the environment?

Panning

Who was the governor of California during the Bear Flag Revolt?

Pio Pico (best guess)

Of the following groups, which was the lowest on the class hierarchy of Mexican California

Pobladores

How far north did Vizcaíno travel

Point conception

Which of the following did NOT occur as the last ice age ended?

Precipitation increased

This had the GREATEST impact on finally convincing Americans in the East that there truly was a major gold find in California:

President Polk's announcement in his annual address to Congress

Which of the following groups benefitted MOST from desecularization?

Rancheros

Which of the following Spanish-English word pairs is INCORRECT?

Rancho: marketplace

Fort Ross was established by

Russia

Vallejo created the towns of Petaluma and Santa Rosa primarily to thwart efforts in California by this country

Russia

Which two rivers dominate the Central Valley

Sacramento River; San Joaquin River

In 1769, the Spanish sent coloring parties from Baja California to

San Diego

Spaniards first set foot in what is now modern-day California near

San Diego (best guess)

Drake's Nova Albion settlement was likely located at or near present-day

San Francisco

Which two factors did the most to thwart Spanish explorations of California by sea?

Scurvy and bad weather

Of the following, which BEST captures Dame Shirley's attitudes toward California Indians?

She thought they were inferior to whites (best guess)

The earliest indigenous peoples in California primarily relied upon ______ for food

Shell fish (best guess)

In which geomorphic provinces were glaciers MOST common?

Sierra Nevada

Initial Spanish forays into California were spearheaded by

Soliders (best guess)

The initial action of the Bear Flag Revolt was the seizure of Colonel Vallejo's compound in

Sonoma

Which of the following types of young people were most likely to get an education in Mexican California?

Sons of rancheros

California was named by people from

Spain

Upon first encountering Europeans, California Indians typically reacted with

Suspicion (best guess)

By 1845 the Mexican government was MOST wary of American actions in

Texas

Until recent times, the popular tradition of California history focused MOST on

The actions of powerful white males

Who was the American consul in California in 1846

Thomas O. Larkin

The Sacramento River is fed by streams from all of the falling geomorphic provinces, EXCEPT the

Transverse Ranges

Which two countries dominated the shipping of hides and tallow from California?

United States and Great Britain

In California, prevailing winds come from the

West

Cultural innovation among Native Californian tribes was accomplished primarily by

Women

The earliest California miners were MOST likely to use

a long tom (best guess)

Sutter's Fort was located

at the confluence of the Sacramento and American Rivers

California's first historians sought to

boost economic development in the state

The rich and elaborate life of the ranchero depended MOST upon

cheap Indian labor

From 1848 to 1860, the average daily income for white miners

decreased dramatically

The main purpose of the Foreign Miner' Tax Law of 1850 was to

drive "foreigners" away from gold mining areas

Approximately when did the last ice age end

fifteen to twenty thousand years ago

The California current

flows from north to south, along California coast

Scholarship of recent decades indicates that California's Indians

had complex societies that were able to adapt to changing conditions

Drake's landing in California

had little lasting impact on California Natives

Agriculture by Native Californians was predominantly practiced

in Southern California (best guess)

Spanish and Mexican land grants were most heavily concentrated

in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada

Controlled burns by Indians accomplished all of the following, EXCEPT

increased chaparral

A tribelet chief typically gained his position through

inheritance- being the son to relative of the previous chief

All of the following is true of inter-tribal trade, EXCEPT

it increased the likelihood of warfare between tribelets

In his description of Monterey Day, Vizcaíno

lied in hopes of saving his career

Under Figueroa's plan for secularizing the mission, mission lands properties were to be given to

neophytes

The Mother Lode was located

on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada

The religion of Native Californians was MOST focused on

respect for nature

Sailors from Cabrillo's voyage told Spanish authorities that California was

rugged and difficult to access

After his capture in the Bear Flag Revolt, Colonel Vallejo was

sent to Sutter's Fort as a prisoner

In 1850, the greatest number of people arriving in California came via

the Cape Horn sea route (best guess)

Most gold mining in California took place in

the Sierra Nevada

Creation of petroglyphs and pictographs was done primarily by Indians in

the Southernmost portion of California

Mexican California's economy depended primarily upon

the hide-and-tallow trade

To the Spaniards, the Strait of Anián was

the mythical Northwest passage

Which of the following was NOT a typical characteristic of the early gold miners in California

unskilled in any craft or profession

James K. Polk

was a strong supporter of Manifest Destiny

Cabrillo

was prevented from returning to Mexico by strong southernly winds (best guess)

Most hide-and-tallow traders who moved to California

were assimilated into the local elite

According to Dame Shirley, most miners

were easily drawn away to other, potentially better, mining areas

Monterey and Los Angeles grew rapidly after 1822 primarily because they

were important centers of the hide-and-tallow trade