HIV

which clinical manifestation would the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider when providing care for a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? 1. blood in the urine 2. new or productive cough 3. vomiting accompanied by fever 4. burning, itching, and discharge from the eyes

1

which medication reduces the risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in unaffected individuals? 1. Truvada 2. abacavir 3. cromolyn 4. methdilazine

1

which method of delivery is preferred for a pregnant HIV-positive adolescent with a viral load of more than 1000 copies who is currently in her 38th week of gestation? 1. cesarean section 2. fetal scalp electrode 3. vaginal delivery with forceps extraction 4. vaginal delivery with vacuum extraction

1

which organism is a common opportunistic infection in a client infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. oropharyngeal candidiasis 2. cryptosporidiosis 3. toxoplasmosis encephalitis 4. pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

1

while caring for an HIV-positive pregnant adolescent which finding would indicate to the nurse an increased risk of perinatal transmission via vaginal birth? 1. a viral load of 1,200 copies/mL 2. a positive gram beta-strep culture 3. ruptured membranes and rapidly progressing labor 4. history of receiving combination antiretroviral therapy and having a viral load less than 400 copies/mL

1

which information regarding risks that may result from an untreated chlamydia infection would the nurse include when providing education for a female client? select all that apply 1. sterility 2. ectopic pregnancy 3. blocked fallopian tubes 4. pelvic inflammatory disease 5. increased likelihood of HIV infection

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

which intervention would the nurse recommend to decrease tuberculosis (TB) in the community? select all that apply 1. improving financial resources 2. eliminating overcrowded housing 3. initiating needle-sharing programs 4. improving access for food pantries 5. providing barrier contraceptive devices

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

which population would the nurse include in a community education session on sexually transmitted infections (STIs)? select all that apply 1. adolescents 2. homosexual men 3. transgender clients 4. multiple sex partners 5. intravenous drug users

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

which risk factor increases a client's risk for infection in the community? select all that apply 1. lifestyle 2. occupation 3. chronic disease 4. frequent traveling 5. diagnostic procedures

1, 2, 4

which information will the nurse consider when planning care for a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who has been diagnosed with class 3 tuberculosis? select all that apply 1. class 2 tuberculosis is a clinically active disease, which is contagious 2. tuberculosis is the leading cause of mortality in clients infected with HIV 3. HIV-positive clients are more likely to have multi drug resistant tuberculosis 4. individuals with HIV usually have high fevers with active tuberculosis infection 5. persons with active tuberculosis are usually treated on an outpatient basis

1, 2, 5

which information would the nurse include when counseling a pregnant client at risk for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) regarding HIV testing? select all that apply 1. the risks of passing the virus to the fetus 2. what positive or negative test results indicate 3. the risk factors for contracting HIV 4. the need for pregnant women to be tested for HIV 5. the emotional, legal, and medical implications of test results

1, 2, 5

which basic strategy would the nurse teach a health class to reduce the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission? select all that apply 1. using condoms 2. using separate toilets 3. practicing sexual abstinence 4. preventing direct casual contacts 5. sterilizing the household utensils

1, 3

which event indicates a need to suggest testing of a client for th human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? select all that apply 1. diagnosed with tuberculosis in 1985 2. travelled to Italy and Greece in the late 1990s 3. received blood transfusions in 1980 during total hip replacement surgery 4. engaged in sexual relations with someone of the same sex for several years 5. spent several nights in jail for a driving under the influence (DUI) charge

1, 3, 4

which factor would the nurse identify an increasing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission? select all that apply 1. childbirth 2. monogamy 3. breast-feeding 4. needle sharing 5. shared plates and cups

1, 3, 4

which statement indicate a client understand transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? select all that apply 1. "I can contract HIV by participating in oral sex" 2. "I can contract HIV by eating from used utensils" 3. "HIV is contracted by using contaminated needles" 4. "I can contract HIV by using the bathroom of a person who is HIV positive" 5. "babies can contract HIV because of contact with maternal blood during birth"

1, 3, 5

which clinic manifestation would the nurse expect to find in a client who has acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? select all that apply 1. malaise 2. confusion 3. constipation 4. swollen lymph glands 5. oropharyngeal candidiasis

1, 4

which comment made by the health-department staff during evaluation of health-department training for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveillance requires clarification by the nurse? 1. if the HIV antibody test is positive, it will be followed with a Western blot test to check for false positives, correct? 2. the HIV antibody test helps us identify people with symptomatic acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) so that we can get them early treatment 3. it seems odd that voluntary screening for HIV can either be anonymous or confidential, but I guess maybe more people will come for screening if its anonymous 4. we need to encourage voluntary HIV screening for all individuals between the ages of 13 and 64 according to the centers for disease control and prevention (CDC)

2

which consideration is most important when counseling the family of a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. risk for injury 2. susceptibility to infection 3. inadequate nutritional intake 4. altered growth and development

2

which diagnostic test result indicates if a client will develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. level of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the client's blood 2. the number of CD4+ T cells available 3. presence of antigen-antibody complexes 4. speed with which the virus invade the ribonucleic acid (RNA)

2

which important information would the nurse determine regarding the care provided by a mother diagnosed with accrued immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who has been caring for her baby despite not feeling well? 1. if she has ever kissed the baby and how 2. if the mother is breast-feeing her baby 3. when the baby last received antibiotics 4. how long she has been caring for the baby

2

which intervention is the nurse's priority when caring for a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. maintaining optimal hydration 2. protecting the child from infection 3. promoting growth and development 4. ensuring adequate and balanced nutrition

2

which medication mechanism describes the action of delavirdine in a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. binds with the integrate enzyme 2. inhibits the action of reverse transcriptase 3. blocks binding of HIV to reproducing cells 4. prevents the protease enzyme from cutting HIV proteins

2

which nursing action is important when transfusion packed red blood cells to a client with a diagnosis of anemia? 1. assessing the client for fluid overload 2. monitoring the client's response, particularly within the first 10 minutes 3. assuring that the transfusion flows at a consistent rate during the procedure 4. having the client tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) before administering the blood transfusion

2

which statement regrading the mechanisms of antiviral medications to control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections would the nurse question? 1. "maraviroc blocks C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) receptors on CD4 +T cells" 2. "saquinavir blocks the fusion between HIV and the host cell" 3. "zidovudine acts as a counterfeit base for reverse transcriptase" 4. "nelfinavir prevents the breakup of viral protein strand into smaller fragments"

2

which statement when the nurse is counseling an HIV positive women on precautions to be followed indicates the need for further counseling? 1. "I will avoid smoking and have nutritious food" 2. "I will go for pelvic examination every 12 months" 3. "I will use female condoms if my partner refuses to use condoms" 4. "I will undergo regular screening for syphilis, gonorrhea, and other vaginal infections"

2

a client who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is admitted to a surgical unit after an orthopedic procedure. the nurse recalls that HIV is transmissible through which means? select all that apply 1. feces 2. blood 3. semen 4. urine 5. sweat 6. tears

2, 3

which nursing interventions require the nurse to wear gloves? select all that apply 1. giving a back rub 2. cleaning a newborn immediately after delivery 3. emptying a portable wound drainage system 4, interviewing a client in the emergency department 5. obtaining the blood pressure of a client who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

2, 3

which action transmits the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? select all that apply 1. multiple mosquito bites 2. sharing syringe needles 3. breast-feeding a newborn 4. dry kissing an infected individual 5. anal intercourse 6. sharing drinking glasses

2, 3, 5

which statement made by the nurse regarding the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission by health care workers is correct? select all that apply 1. "I should never reuse equipment used in invasive procedures" 2. "if I perform exposure-prone procedures, I should know my HIV antibody status" 3. "I should identify exposure-prone procedures by institutions where they are performed" 4. "if I am infected with HIV, I am restricted from practice of non-exposure-prone procedures" 5. "if I have exudative lesions or weeping dermatitis, I should not perform direct client care or handle client care equipment"

2, 3, 5

which dietary changes would the nurse suggest to the client with diarrhea associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? select all that apply 1. "eat more fatty food" 2. "eat much less roughage" 3. "drink two cups of coffee daily" 4. "eat more spicy and sweet food" 5. "drink plenty of fluids between meals"

2, 5

which client has a higher risk for contracting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? 1. a client who is involved in mutual masturbation 2. a client who undergoes voluntary prenatal HIV testing 3. a client who shares equipment to snort or smoke drugs 4. a client who engages in insertive sex with a noninfective partner

3

which conclusion about the client's knowledge of condom use would the nurse draw during an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) education class when a client states, "petroleum jelly works great when I use condoms"? 1. an understanding of safer sex through proper use of condoms 2. an ability to assume self-responsibility and protection of others 3. lack of knowledge related to correct condom application and use 4. ignorance regarding transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

3

which guidance would the nurse to provide to a sexually active 16 yo client when she inquires as to how she can protect herself form contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. ask her partner to withdraw before ejaculating 2. make certain their relationship is monogamous 3. insist that her partner use a condom when having sex 4. seek counseling about various contraceptive methods

3

which instruction would the nurse include when teaching a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about self-management? 1. "limit your daily fluid intake to 2 liters daily" 2. "eat more roughage daily with your meals" 3. "rinse your mouth with normal saline after every meal" 4. "maintain a 4-to-5 hour gap between each meal"

3

which intervention would reduce the risk of perinatal transmission via vaginal birth in an adolescent who is diagnosed with HIV infection? 1. using forceps during delivery 2. using a fetal scalp electrode during delivery 3. using antiretroviral during the intrapartum period 4. administering zidovudine an hour before labor

3

which medication class helps prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from incorporating its genetic material into the client's cell? 1. entry inhibitors 2. protease inhibitors 3. integrase inhibitors 4. reverse transcriptase inhibitors

3

which nursing statement about providing care for clients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection indicates the need for further teaching? 1. "I will ask the client to avoid exposure to new infections agents" 2. "I will ask the client about intake of supplemental vitamins activities" 3. "I will ask the client to avoid involvement in community activities" 4. "I will ask the client if he or she is up to date with recommended vaccines"

3

which statement by a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with a low load who has been asymptomatic for years indicates the need for additional education on the disease process? 1. "I inform all my partners of my HIV-positive status" 2. "I should not skip any doses of antiretroviral medication" 3. "I occasionally have oral sex without the use of protection" 4. "I have never shared or reused any of my diabetic supplies"

3

which action of a client with a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who reports genital discharge associated with irritation, pain, and itching might have led to this condition? select all that apply 1. taking diethylstilbestrol 2. taking iron supplements 3. wearing tight jean pants 4. performing Kegel exercises 5. using antibiotic medications

3, 5

which action would the circulating nurse in the operating room, who recently tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), implement regarding participation in exposure-prone procedures? 1. adhere to standard precautions at all times 2. avoid handling equipment used in direct client care 3. disinfect all equipment used for noninvasive procedures 4. seek approval circumstances and procedures from a review panel

4

which diagnostic criterion would the nurse use to explain acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to a client with immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. contracts HIV-specifc antibodies 2. develops an acute retroviral syndrome 3. is capable of transmitting the virus to others ., has a CD4+T-cell lymphocyte level of less than 200 cells

4

which information will the nurse include when a client asks to be screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? 1. identifies the number of CD4 cells that are in the blood 2. shows how much of the HIV virus is present in the blood 3. takes several days for results to be complete and reported 4. detects antibodies to HIV and may not detect acute infection

4

which information would the nurse use to explain a positive diagnosis for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection? 1. performance of high-risk sexual behaviors 2. evidence of extreme weight loss and high fever 3. identification of an associated opportunistic infection 4. positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot tests

4

which intervention would then ruse question when caring for a client who has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. sonogram 2. nonstress test 3. sterile vagiinal examination 4. internal fetal scalp electrode

4

which organism would the nurse suspect is responsible when a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reports dyspnea on exertion, increased heart rate, a persistent dry cough, and a persistent low-grade fever with bilateral crackles auscultated in the lower lung lobes? 1. cryptosporidium 2. Candida albicans 3. toxoplasma gondii 4. pneumocystitis jiroveci

4

which precaution would the nurse identify as a prevention for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other blood borne illnesses? 1. barrier 2. droplet 3. contact 4. standard

4

which statement by an adolescent during an annual physical examination indicates the need for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing? 1. "I only have sex with one partner" 2. "I always use barrier contraception" 3. "I occasionally smoke pot with friends" 4. "I have shared needles when using drugs"

4

which statement by the nursing student indicates understanding of the precautions needed in the provision of care who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive? 1. "ill put on a mask" 2. "ill put on an N-95 mask" 3. "ill put on a gown and gloves" 4. "ill put on gloves if im going to be in contact with body fluids"

4

while performing a neck assessment, the nurse finds the client has enlarged lymph nodes, a history of intravenous drug use, and bisexual activity. which possible diagnosis would the nurse suspect? 1. cancer 2. thyroid disease 3. tracheal displacement 4. human immunodificiency virus (HIV) infection

4

the nurse reviews the history to find an adolescent has a tattoo on the neck and piercings on the ear and eyebrow. during the next visit, the nurse finds a new tattoo on the right upper arm and another piercing on the nose. which would be the priority nursing intervention in this situation? select all that apply 1. prepare a proper diet plan for the adolescent 2. instruct the adolescent to get an electrocardiogram 3. instruct the adolescent to perform regular exercises 4. screen the adolescent for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 5. schedule an appointment for administering the hepatitis vaccine

4, 5