Honors English 9: Semester 2 Exam

Where should you include transitional words and phrases?

Beginning and end of paragraphs, going between topics, between sentences when needed

H. G. Well's nationality

Born in Bromley, England

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's nationality

Born in Scotland, died in the UK

Other than using an author's full name, how should you refer to him or her?

By their last name

Noun clause

Can be used anyway a noun can; introduced by relative pronouns

Fire

Can't be controlled in this time period

Dependent clause

Cannot stand alone and doesn't make sense alone

Appositive issues

Case must match renamed noun, no comma before a restrictive appositive

Dynamic character

Changes throughout the book

What is the advantage of using sources from an academic database?

Citations are already there; it's reliable information

Dystopia

"Not-good society"; society that is not desirable

Parenthetical citation

("first word of bib card" pg number)

Be able to correctly formulate a signal phrase and parenthetical citation using the sources given

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Compose sentences with specific clause requirements

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Correct punctuation errors in clauses/sentences

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Five ways a writer might plagiarize

1. Copying exactly 3+ words without using quotation marks 2. Changing one or two words from a quote by inserting synonyms 3. Copying exactly 3+ words without identifying the source 4. Using a paraphrased idea without quoting the source 5. Using statistics without quoting a source

Prepositional phrase issues

1. Punctuation (series vs string) 2. Placement 3. Objective case for OP

8 characteristics of Gothic literature (give examples from Hound of the Baskervilles)

1. Really big old building (Baskerville Hall) 2. Legend that goes along with the building (the hound) 3. Mystery (who killed Sir Charles?) 4. Damsel in distress (Sir Henry in some ways; he's in over his head) 5. Domineering man (Stapleton, Hugo) 6. Bad weather (fog, the boggy area of England) 7. Weird sounds (hound howling, creaking house, sobbing and screams) 8. Supernatural element (the glowing hound)

Signal phrase

A phrase, clause, or sentence that introduces a quotation, paraphrase, or summary

Fable

A short story that typically includes animals as characters and states a moral

Frame story

A story within a story

Inciting moment of Animal Farm

Attacking the humans/revolution

Foreshadowing

Author hints to what will happen

Elliptical phrases

Clause with implied words; could be the subject, verb, or any word

Rising action

Complicates the plot

Coordinating conjunctions

Connect words, phrases, and clauses; FANBOYS: for and nor but or yet so

White Sphynx

Could be a religious symbol, a sign of wisdom and knowledge to the ancients; the TT investigates inside and finds out that the people are good at building

Inciting moment

Creates the conflict

Inciting moment of Hound

Deaths of people in the past by the hound (flashback, happens chronologically before the book starts)

Subordinate clause

Dependent clause; cannot stand alone

Foil

Destroyed plan; contrasting character

Primary source

Document or object written or created in the time period in which the event happened (like Anne Frank's diary)

Singular indefinite pronouns

Each, either, neither, one, someone, somebody, anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, everyone, everybody

Orwell's nationality

English

Science fiction

Fiction that contains scientific details

Hugo Baskerville

First man killed by the hound

Who wrote Animal Farm?

George Orwell

Clause

Group of words including at least a subject and verb, can include complements and modifiers

Who wrote The Time Machine?

H.G. Wells

Tone

How the author talks

Atmosphere

How the characters talk

Adverb questions

How, when, where, why, how often, under what condition, to what extent

Conflict of Animal Farm

Humans vs animals at first; then turns to the pigs vs the other animals

First person

I, me, mine, myself, we, us, ours, ourselves

Nominative case personal pronouns

I, you, he, she, it, we, they, who

Know how to diagram phrases

Idk how she's putting this on the test bc it's Scantron but whatever

Secondary source

Interprets or analyzes a primary source or event (a magazine article about the Holocaust)

Relative pronouns

Introduce adjective clauses; that, what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose

Subordinating conjunctions

Introduce adverb clauses; after, although, as, as if, as though, as long as, s soon as, because, before, if, in order that, since, so that, than, though, unless, until, when, whenever, where, wherever, while

Exposition

Introduces characters and setting

Old Major

Lenin/Marx

Denouement

Like the resolution, helps to resolve the conflict

Restrictive clause

Limit the noun being described, not punctuated

Laura Lyons

Local young woman abandoned by her husband, looks to Holmes and Watson for help

Antagonist

Main bad guy

Anti-hero

Main character who the reader doesn't like

Sherlock Holmes

Main character, detective, extremely smart & trustworthy

Protagonist

Main character, usually good

Characterization

Methods the author uses to develop the character

Possessive case personal pronouns

Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, and theirs

Infinitive issues

Missing to, split infinitive

Orwell's job

Novelist, essayist, journalist, critic

Non-restrictive clause

Offer additional information but do not limit the noun described; need punctuation (set off by commas)

Simple sentence

One independent clause

Complex sentence

One independent clause, one or more dependent clause

Gerund issues

Possessive before the gerund

Prepositional phrase

Preposition + object of the prep; used as a modifier (adj or adv)

What tense should be used in reference to the fine arts?

Present

Dropped quote (be able to correct one too)

Sentence is completely someone else's words; none of your words are included

Mrs. Barrymore

Servant at Baskerville Hall; seems suspicious but is only helping her convict brother, not anyone with the hound mystery

How should titles be punctuated?

Short stories: quotations marks Books: underlined in writing, italicized in typing

Conflict of Hound

The "dog" (eventually Stapleton) is killing people

What do the TT's experiences suggest that will happen to the upper class?

They would become lazy and stupid

What do the TT's experiences suggest that will happen to the lower class?

They would eventually overthrow the upper class

Anti-climax

Things aren't resolved at the end of the story

What point of view should be used in academic writing?

Third person

Where does the thesis sentence appear in a three or five paragraph essay?

Three: first sentence of first paragraph Five: last sentence of first paragraph

Correlative conjunctions

Used in pairs; both/and, either/or, neither/nor, not only/but also

Participle (phrase)

Verb + ing or ed; used as an adjective

Gerund (phrase)

Verb + ing; used as a noun

Gerund

Verb plus -ing; functions as a noun

Round character

Well developed; reader knows a lot about the character

Adjective questions

What kind, which one, how many, how much, whose

Climax of Animal Farm

When Boxer dies; the readers mind begins to realize something must be done

Setting

When and where

When should you use an author's full name?

When mentioning them for the first time in a paper or in works cited

Determine who vs whom

Who: subject (he) Whom: object (him)

How should the paper end?

With a restatement of the thesis sentence and a gathered idea/restatement of the idea of the whole paper

Diction

Word choice

Boxer

Working class

What are the purposes of a concluding paragraph?

Wrap up idea of whole paper into one paragraph, collect thoughts

H. G. Well's job

Writer

Dialect

Writing the way that people talk

What is the pitfall of using sources from the Internet?

You must create the citation; it may not be reliable information

Victorian Era background

You should know this lol research paper!!

Russian Revolution background

You should know this lol world history!!

How are evolution and entropy important to The Time Machine?

Evolution says that society tends to improve in ideas over time, entropy says that society decreases; both are seen in the Time Machine in the future and clues of what's happened up to that point

What are the purposes of an introductory paragraph?

Expose the topic briefly

Third person limited

He, she, it, etc; narrator does not know the entire big picture

Third person omniscient

He, she, it, etc; narrator knows everything going on

What evidences are there that the TT's story is true?

His injuries are fresh, but have had time to heal some; grass and dirt on machine; fatigue; wanted meat (hadn't had any in the future); machine's positioning

Resolution of Hound

Holmes figures out that the hound was covered in phosphorus and shoots it; Stapleton disappears

Dr. Watson

Holmes's assistant; extremely unreliable narrator

Flashback

A character tells a story that happened in the past

Independent clause

A clause that can stand alone and makes sense by itself

What are some effective hooks?

Anecdotes, startling statistic, question

Resolution of Animal Farm

Anti climax

Red herring

Makes you think of a different solution than is correct (like Dr Watson's theories)

Deductive reasoning

Making predictions and inferences based on what you know

Conflict (man vs _____)

Man/society, himself, God, nature, technology

Objective case personal pronouns

Me, you, him, her, it, us, them, whom

Adverb clause

Modify verbs or modifiers, answer adverb questions, mostly begin with a subordinating conjunction

Palace of Green Porcelain

Museum that slopes downward, showing the de-evolution of society; being smart can lead to being lazy

Reflexive/intensive pronouns

Myself, himself, herself, themselves, ourself, yourself, yourselves (self words)

Unreliable narrator

Narrator who you can't trust; tells reader the wrong things

Comedy

No one dies, happily ever after, puns, fun, disguises, jester

Flat character

Not many details are given about them

Appositive (phrase)

Noun + modifiers; renames a noun

Functions of clauses

Noun, adjective, adverb

How must subpoints of an outline be structured?

Parallel; you can't have a 1 without a 2 or an A without a B

What does parallel mean?

Parts of speech match up with each other within an outline or a sentence

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's job

Physician/doctor

Participle issues

Placement and dangling

Plot

Plan, scheme, or main story of a literary or dramatic work

Final moment of suspense

Reader doesn't know how the conflict will resolve; doubts the outcome

Allusion

Refers to other history or literature outside of that book

Morlocks

Represented the lower class; became extremely strong and unified

Eloi

Represented the upper class; became stupid from not working

Falling action

Resolves the conflict

Squealer

Russian media

Dogs

Russian military

Mollie

Russian nobility

Tragedy

Significant death, puns, physical humor, holiness

What is the difference between a simple thesis and a divided thesis?

Simple: states the paper's topic Divided: states main points in order

Who wrote Hound of the Baskervilles?

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

Henry Baskerville

Sir Charles's nephew; "small, alert, dark eyed man of about 30 years old"

Climax of Hound

Sir Henry is attacked by the dog

What to not include in academic writing

Slang, contractions, fragments, first person, past tense

Variable indefinite pronouns

Some, any, most, all, none

Symbol

Something that represents something else

Napoleon

Stalin

The hound

Stapleton's dog who scared Sir Charles to death, literally

Theme

Stated in a sentence, this is the message suggested by a work

Static character

Stays the same throughout the book

Functions of a noun/noun equivalent

Subject, DO, PN, OP, OC, IO, RO

Elements of a clause

Subject, verb, and any complements or modifiers

How is fire important to The Time Machine?

The TT uses fire irrationally, starting a forest fire. This shows that this kind of society has devolved to the point of not even being able to control fire.

Stapleton

The eventual villain and antagonist; seems calm at first

Irony

The unexpected

How is a three paragraph essay different from a five paragraph essay?

Three paragraph: introduction is attached to first point and conclusion is attached to last point Five paragraph: introduction and conclusion get their own paragraphs at the very beginning and end

Infinitive (phrase)

To + verb; used as a noun, adj, or adv

Prediction

To declare or tell in advance; you should be making them as you read

Infinitive

To plus a verb; functions as noun, adj, or adv

What is the TT's purpose in building the machine?

To travel in time

Snowball

Trotsky

Climax

Turning point; plot starts to resolve instead of complicate

Compound sentence

Two or more independent clauses

Compound-complex sentence

Two or more independent clauses, one or more dependent clauses

Adjective clause

Typically modify the noun equivalent right before it; almost always introduced by a relative pronoun

Satire

Use of humor and irony to expose and criticize others; making fun of people through a story