Human Geography Exam 1
You are given the following information concerning the country of Laos. Percent of population under 15 years of age = 43% Percent of population over 65 years of age = 4% The Laotian dependency ratio is: -0.04167 -0.8868 -1.128 -1.326
0.8868
Immigration to the United States slowed considerably after the First World War and remained low until the _________________. -1990s -1980s -1970s -1960s
1960s
Reverse migration of Blacks to the American South was most pronounced in which time period? -1940s-1960s -1950s-1970s -1960s-1980s -1970s-1990s
1970s-1990s
The minimum total fertility rate (TFR) to produce replacement population is _______________. -1.1 -1.6 -2.1 -2.6
2.1
The Cairo Plan calls for stabilizing the world's population at 7.27 billion by what year? -2005 -2015 -2050 -2100
2015
A rate of natural increase of 2.0 percent results in a doubling time of how many years? -24 -35 -70 -140
35
A country has 40,000,000 people currently living in it this year. It also has had 300,000 live births. The CBR for this country is ______. (Take your answer out to one decimal place) -0.75 -7.5 -133.3 -13.3
7.5
Which of the following statements is true? -A pidgin is a second language for all of its users. -A creole is an amalgam of several languages used for specific functions such as business, work supervision, and administrative purposes. -Pidgin is a lingua franca. -A vernacular identifies the boundary line between uses of a linguistic feature.
A pidgin is a second language for all of its users.
Ethnic minorities are first and foremost associated with homelands. This is true of which of the following? -Basques -Welsh -Bretons -All of these
All of these
Language spread can be a reflection of which spatial diffusion process? -relocation diffusion -expansion diffusion -hierarchical diffusion -all of these -none of these
All of these
A culture's technological subsystem is referred to as its __________. -mentifacts -sociofacts -artifacts -all of these -none of these
Artifacts
Which of the following is originally a reform movement for Hinduism but developed to become a separate, universalizing religion? -Islam -Judaism -Buddhism -Christianity
Buddhism
Transitional birth rate refers to __________________. -CDRs between 18 to 30 per 1000 -a country's CBR moving from above 18 to below 18 -a country's CBR rising above 18 -a sex ratio changing more heavily favored toward males
CDRs between 18 to 30 per 1000
Which of the following religions has the weakest ties to its cultural hearth? -Islam -Christianity -Judaism -Hinduism
Christianity
During the period of 1870-1921, the dominant source of American immigrants was___________________. -Latin America -Northwestern Europe -Eastern and Southern Europe -East Asia
Eastern and Southern Europe
Which of these world religions is best categorized as an ethnic religion? -Buddhism -Christianity -Islam -Judaism
Judaism
Overcoming the friction of distance between two places exemplifies dealing with _________. -location -distance -connectivity -accessibility
Location
Which of the following is true with respect to Ravenstein's laws of migration? -Women are more likely to migrate internationally. -Long-distance migration generally takes place in the form of moving from one large urban area to another. -Step-by-step migration no longer takes place in today's world. -International migration creates no counterflow of migration.
Long-distance migration generally takes place in the form of moving from one large urban area to another.
Your patterns of communication related to work, school, business, shopping and social visits pertains to one's ________________. -personal activity space -mass communication -communication hierarchy -personal communication field
Mass communication
What is the study of the multiple movements, diffusions, migrations, and mixings of peoples of different origin? -Ethnicity -Separatism -Ethnic geography -Ethnocentrism
Separatism
The Muslim scholar Idrisi compiled a major geographic treatise for Roger II, the Christian king of Sicily. That such interaction could take place reflects in part what locational attribute of 12th century Sicily? -site -situation -absolute distance -hierarchical diffusion
Situation
The sociological subsystem of a culture is called its ___________. -mentifacts -sociofacts -artifacts -sendafacts -none of these
Sociofacts
The reversal in the spatial distribution of Christians globally has seen a shift from Europe and North America to ______________. -India -Sub-Saharan Africa -South America -India and Sub-Saharan Africa -Sub-Saharan African and South America
Sub-Saharan African and South America
Which of the following is not an internal control function of the American pattern of urban residential segregation? -The defense function -The preservation function -The livelihood function -The support function
The livelihood function
Which of the following is an example of remote sensing? -photos taken from balloons and kites -aerial photography -radar scans -all of these
all of these
Which of the following is the most common and simple variation? -arithmetic density -physiological density -agricultural density -equation density
arithmetic density
Urban enclaves of ethnic groups that were the product of the influence of the initial ethnic settlers on family members, friends, and neighbors to come to such areas are categorized as which type of migration? -step migration -return migration -chain migration -cluster migration
chain migration
A migration pattern of flow that reveals that two places have ties that are based upon commercial trade, past migrations, or some other affinity is which type of migration? -counter migration -step migration -chain migration -channelized migration
channelized migration
A map that identifies the average value of a variable being identified over the preexisting areal unit is a ______ map. -graduated circle -spatial averaging -dot -choropleth
choropleth
A geographic distribution's pattern that emphasizes items agglomerated around a single node is said to be ___________. -linear -clustered -centralized -random -clustered and centralized
clustered and centralized
The economic concepts of supply and demand represent which of Ullman's three essential conditions for spatial interaction? -complementarity -transferability -intervening opportunities -none of these
complementarity
A result of globalization, it has been suggested, is that there has been ____________. -a fracturing of cultures -cultural convergence -regional divergence -cultural hierarchy
cultural convergence
Ultraconservative and revival-centered religions are indicative of ______________. -terrorism -fundamentalism -anti-ethnocentrism -secularistic practices
fundamentalism
A highway map is what type of map? -thematic -general purpose -cartogram -all of these
general purpose
Ullman's model of spatial interaction emphasizes three essential conditions. Which of the following is not one of them? -complementarity -transferability -intervening opportunities -gravity
gravity
The Christian faith in Europe, spread from Rome to provincial capitals and smaller settlements, is an example of: -hierarchical diffusion. -contagious diffusion. -spatial diffusion. -expansion diffusion.
hierarchical diffusion.
A safe generalization is that crude birth rates of less than 18 per 1,000 is characteristic of ___________. -developing statesIncorrect -newly industrializing countries -industrialized, urbanized countries -developing states and newly industrializing countries
industrialized, urbanized countries
Changes to a culture that result from ideas created within the social group itself and adopted by the culture are known as -invention. -innovation. -creationism. -cultural creation.
innovation.
Which of Ullman's three essential conditions for spatial interaction is most likely to be an influence upon migrants who are more influenced by push factors to leave an origin than the pull factors of a destination? -complementarity -transferability -intervening opportunity -none of these
intervening opportunity
What measures the degree to which a distinctive group is segregated? -segregation rate -residential dissimilarity index -cultural transfer index -regionalism rate
residential dissimilarity index
The ideological subsystem of a culture is known as its _________. -mentifacts -sociofacts -artifacts -justdafacts -all of these
ventifacts
An isogloss is a boundary line for determining the areal extent of a dialect that is based upon difference in ________________. -sound -syntax -word choice -word meaning -grammar
Word choice
Using a spatial system's interconnections and network as criteria results in what type of region? -functional -vernacular -uniform -formal
functional
Who was the charter group of America? -Spanish -French -English -Swedish
English
A region is characterized by which of these attributes? -location -spatial extent -boundaries -hierarchical arrangement -all of these
all of these
When using the dependency ratio, the age group considered to be the least dependent is _______________. -under 15 years -15-64 years -over 64 years -under 15 years and over 64 years
15-64 years
Groups of hunter-gatherers in the Paleolithic time period probably lived _______________. -in close proximity to each other -more isolated from each other
In close proximity to each other
At dinner you were talking with your friend about how many shops and restaurants have opened in your neighborhood this year. You are talking about _______________. -distribution -dispersion -pattern -density
density
What type of migration pattern would it be if you moved from Chicago to Los Angeles? -total displacement -partial displacement -external -step
total displacement
In his Pulitzer Prize-winning book, Guns, Germs, and Steel, Jared Diamond attributes the conquest by Europeans of the Americas, Africa, Pacific Islands, and portions of Asia to a host of factors. Which among the following is not mentioned by Diamond as a reason? -Eurasia's abundance of cultivatable plants -Eurasia's supply of large animals suitable for domestication -Eurasia's east-to-west orientation of similar climates and landforms -Eurasia's biological stock of advantageous racial characteristics
Eurasia's biological stock of advantageous racial characteristics
Which type of migration is decided by people other than the migrants themselves? -voluntary -step -chain -forced
Forced
Which ethnicity is the charter group of Quebec? -English -French -Ukrainian -Aboriginal
French
Reilly's Law of Retail Gravitation helps in the calculation of a breakpoint between two regions of what type? -homogenous -vernacular -perceptual -uniform -functional
Functional
The trait of one society having smaller hands than another society due to isolation and inbreeding is referred to as _______________. -genetic drift -admixture -the gene flow -adaptation
Genetic drift
The world's oldest major religion is _________________. -Judaism -Islam -Christianity -Hinduism
Hinduism
At present, which of the following is the most crucial medium for space-time compression? -telegraph -telephone -radio -television -Internet
Internet
A cohort ________________. -refers to a culture -is a group of people with a common characteristic -implies the sharing of plants or horticulture between families -none of these
Is a group of people with a common characteristic
Which of the following world religions is best categorized as a universalizing religion? -Hinduism -Judaism -Shintoism -Islam
Islam
The gravity model helps to illustrate that spatial interaction is not based solely upon distance because it incorporates what factor in addition to the distance between two places? -population -culture -mode of travel -terrain -culture and terrain
Population
____________ record the frequency of occurrence of an event during a given time frame for a designated population. -Cohorts -Records -Rates -Transitions
Rates
The seven "laws of migration" are attributed to _____________. -Ullman -Reilly -Newton -Ravenstein -Malinowski
Ravenstein
A value system is termed a/an ____________________ when it involves practices of formal or informal worship and addresses questions of meaning and ultimate significance. -adherent -tradition -tribe -religion
Religion
Detecting the nature of an object and the content of an area from a distance is _________________. -vector approach -GIS -remote sensing -mental mapping
Remote Sensing
The religions of Confucianism, Taoism and Shinto all have what in common? -They all worship the same God. -They are all based on nature. -They each have elaborate ornate churches and very conspicuous priests. -Each asks for all believers to relinquish their earthly possessions and live on the generosity of others.
They are all based on nature.
The cardinal direction of north is this type of direction: -absolute -relative -multi-directional -culturally dependent
absolute
Mathematical location is also known as __________________. -relative location -physical location -absolute location -vernacular location
absolute location
A culture group has adopted some of the characteristics of another culture group and modified some of their identifying traits. What has occurred? -acculturation -diffusion -innovation -syncretism
acculturation
What is the adoption by immigrants of the values, attitudes, ways of behavior, and speech of the receiving society? -acculturation -behavioral assimilation -structural assimilation -complete domestication
acculturation
An immigrant from Africa to the United States, learning to speak English, is going through the process of: -ethnocentrism. -immigration. -migration. -acculturation.
acculturation.
Chain migration involves the influence of ____________. -family -friends -kin groups -all of these -none of these
all of these
China has been at the forefront of population growth for some time now. Which of the following is true concerning Chinese population growth and population policies? -Infanticide has been used to limit the number of children for some Chinese families. -China followed a strategy of a two-child family in the early 1970s. -China followed a one couple one child strategy since 1977. -China gave out free contraceptives to lower its birthrate. -All of these.
all of these
Migration incorporates which of Ullman's essential conditions of spatial interaction? -intervening opportunity -complementarity -transferability -all of these
all of these
Syncretism is characteristic of Buddhism's interaction with which of these ethnic religions? -Confucianism -Taoism -Shintoism -all of these -none of these
all of these
Which of the following can be an artifact reflecting ethnicity on the cultural landscape? -land division -settlement patterns -house and farm building architecture -all of these -none of these
all of these
Which of the following is a factor in a person's activity space? -stage in life course -ability to travel -intervening opportunities -all of these -none of these
all of these
Globalization has allowed numerous cultures to quickly attain levels of technology that may have taken much longer for them to achieve. Arriving at different stages of development, urbanization and industrialization at different times is referred to as ___________________. -cultural attainment -cultural divergence -cultural significance -technological divergence
cultural divergence
The broadest distribution of cultural regions occurs at the ______________. -cultural trait -cultural realm -cultural complex -cultural hearth
cultural realm
Which is the correct order of hierarchy from smallest to largest for identifying the spatial dimension of culture? -culture realm, culture region, culture complex, culture trait -culture trait, culture region, culture complex, culture realm -culture complex, culture region, culture realm, culture trait -culture trait, culture complex, culture region, culture realm
culture trait, culture complex, culture region, culture realm
Stating that a county has 100 persons per square mile is a measure of ____________. -pattern -dispersion -concentration -density
density
In the developing world, the major deterrent to lowering birth rates is _________________. -contraception -education -coercion -economic consequences
economic consequences
The tendency to evaluate other cultures against the standards of one's own is: -ethnocentrism. -xenophobia. -acculturation. -racism.
ethnocentrism.
The two basic processes of diffusion are ____________. -contagious and hierarchical -cascade and stimulus -relocation and contagious -expansion and hierarchical -expansion and relocation
expansion and relocation
The earliest spatial expansion of Islam (i.e., in the seventh century A.D.) is best characterized as an example of ______________. -hierarchical diffusion -relocation diffusion -expansion diffusion -cascade diffusion
expansion diffusion
The difference between relocation and expansion diffusion stems from: -the initial stage of relocation diffusion spreading further than if it was spreading by expansion diffusion. -relocation diffusion is strictly centralized while expansion diffusion is strictly linear. -expansion diffusion intensifying the concept, idea or trait in the place of origin while relocation does not. -relocation expansion causing the idea, concept or trait being practiced to wane in its place of origin or even disappear, while expansion diffusion does not.
expansion diffusion intensifying the concept, idea or trait in the place of origin while relocation does not.
A population pyramid with nearly equally divided cohorts has almost vertical sides and is typical of an area with __________________. -extremely slow growth -slow growth -stable growth -rapid growth
extremely slow growth
The tipping point in a neighborhood ___________________. -is the point in time in which the original charter group begins to confront the minority ethnic group in the neighborhood -is an external control used by the charter group to guarantee its superiority -is an internal control as it assures the support of its residents and acts as a point of entry in the migration chain -is when the charter group leaves the neighborhood and relinquishes the area to the one-time minority group
is when the charter group leaves the neighborhood and relinquishes the area to the one-time minority group
Which came first: domestication of plants or the domestication of animals? -domestication of animals -domestication of plants -animals and plants were domesticated simultaneously -it depended upon where the domestication took place
it depended upon where the domestication took place
which term represents the increase or relocation over time in the geographic area within which a language is spoken? -hierarchical diffusion -language diffusion -linguistic spread -language dominance
language diffusion
An established language used habitually for communication by people whose native tongues are mutually incomprehensible is: -dialect. -standard language. -lingua franca. -hierarchical diffusion.
lingua franca.
Scott moves from the Northwestern suburb of Hilliard (in the Columbus, Ohio area) to the eastern suburb of Gahanna. He continues to work downtown in the same office and goes out for happy hour with co-workers on Fridays. However, he does not see or interact with his old friends at the local high school football games as his kids are in a new attendance area. Scott's move is referred to as ______________. -total displacement migration -partial displacement migration -proportionate migration -directional migration
partial displacement migration
Which term refers to the number of people per unit of arable land? -physiological density -arithmetic density -agrodensity -antidensity
physiological density
As one travels from airport to airport, a person experiences the same fast food restaurants, newsstands, and clothing stores. This produces the sense of ______________. -placelessness -ubiquity -deglobalization -corporatization
placelessness
Which term expresses the relationship between number of inhabitants and the area they occupy? -population density -ecumene -population equation -overpopulation
population density
The viewpoint that people, not environments, are the dynamic forces of cultural development is known as __________. -possibilism -environmental determinism -regionalism -diffusionism
possiblism
Two stores are equally spaced in linear distance from your residence. However, you choose to shop at the store that it takes less time to reach. Your decision reflects using a temporal measure of distance that also can be called _______. -absolute distance -relative distance -travel distance -geographic distance
relative distance
The Prime Meridian ________________________. -is otherwise known as the International deadline -is used to measure the distance from the zero degrees latitude -rotates every quarter of a century around the world -runs through Greenwich, England and aids in locating places on an east-west scale
runs through Greenwich, England and aids in locating places on an east-west scale
Robyn was born in the small village of Ferwerd. He moved to the town of Leeuwarden when he was 10 and then to the city of Utrecht when he was 16. By the age of 20, he was living in Amsterdam while today he is living in London (he is 30 today). Robyn's experience is an example of ______________. -chain migration -step migration -relocation diffusion -channelized migration
step migration
What does the term globalization refer to? -the gradual population of the earth by humans -the increasing interconnection of people in all parts of the world -the spread of geographic literacy -the period of European expansion from the 15th to 19th centuries
the increasing interconnection of people in all parts of the world
Which is the more accurate measure for showing the rate and probability of reproduction among fertile females? -total fertility rate -crude birth rate
total fertility rate
Distance decay is a concept that is most closely associated with which of Ullman's three essential conditions for spatial interaction? -complementarity -transferability -intervening opportunities -none of these
transferability