Human Nutrition Test #4
According to the USDA, a whole cooked chicken is safe to serve when its internal temperature reaches a minimum of
165 F
A pound of body fat provides about _____ kcal.
3500
According to national surveys, the percentage of obese American adults increased by almost ____ % between 1988-1994 and 2009-2010.
60
A young person's metabolic rate increases during periods of growth
A young person's metabolic rate increases during periods of growth
_____ is the primary source of direct energy ("energy currency") for cells.
ATP
Aerobic exercise involves rhythmic, sustained contractions of large muscle groups
Aerobic exercise involves rhythmic, sustained contractions of large muscle groups
Which of the following behaviors is typical of someone who has disordered eating but not an eating disorder?
Skipping breakfast when late for an exam
Which of the following persons is in a state of negative energy balance?
a 22-year old man who consumes 1900 kcal/day and is losing weight
Wendy is a 17-year-old world class gymnast who suffers from female athlete triad. Based on this information, she has
abnormal menstrual cycles
Darlene is a 5 2, 23-year-old woman who weighs almost 250 pounds. To lose weight, she's tried calorie-restricted diets, fad diets, exercise programs, and appetite-suppressing pills without success. She would like to try a surgical weight loss method that reduces the size of her stomach without the use of staples and is reversible. Her physician is likely to recommend
adjustable gastric banding
Which of the following conditions is often associated with the abuse of anabolic steroids?
aggressive behavior
Many sports organizations have banned the use of _____ by athletes.
anabolic steroids
Pathogens
are disease-causing microbes
athletes can benefit from consuming sports drinks during prolonged physical exertion
athletes can benefit from consuming sports drinks during prolonged physical exertion
Which of the following types of pathogens is responsible for most cases of "traveler's diarrhea"?
bacteria
Risk factors for eating disorders include
being female
According to the DSM-5, the three main types of eating disorders are
binge-eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, and anorexia
According to scientific evidence, which of the following substances may benefit muscle recovery after intense exercise?
branched-chain amino acids
By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of
cardiovascular disease
Trevor enjoys cooking chicken, but he wants to reduce the chances that his food preparation practices do not result in cross contamination. What should he avoid doing?
cleaning the plate used to carry the chicken to the grill with a paper towel before using it for the serving raw vegetables
_____ often transmit pathogens to food.
cockroaches
Which of the following conditions increases a person's metabolic rate?
consuming caffeine
According to scientific evidence, which of the following substances may improve the performance of sprinters and weightlifters?
creatine
Which of the following activities is generally classified as aerobic?
cycling
Consuela is an overweight young woman who wants to lose 10 pounds. The most reliable and safe way for her to lose this weight is to
decrease her usual daily energy intake
dehydration can result in declines in an athlete's strength and endurance
dehydration can result in declines in an athlete's strength and endurance
Esther would like to gain weight, but despite eating regular meals and having no disordered eating practice or eating disorder, her BMI dropped from 19.0 to 16.2 in one year. According to this information, Esther's physician will need to
determine whether Esther has cancer or another chronic diease
Which of the following physical activities is not aerobic?
driving
In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to
eat breakfast daily
Which of the following U.S. government agencies oversees the quality of drinking water?
environmental protection agency
Which of the following nutrients can be metabolized for ATP production?
fat
Which of the following conditions or situations increases a person's metabolic rate?
fever
. Which of the following U.S. government agencies regulates all domestic and imported food sold in interstate commerce?
food and drug administration
Which of the following foods is often recommended for an athlete who wants to replenish his or her glycogen stores quickly after performing vigorous physical activity?
fruit juices
Marcia's BMI is 24.2. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.
healthy
Cells release much of the energy stored in macronutrients as
heat
The process of pasteurization involves the use of
heat to kill pathogens
Which of the following pesticides kills weeds?
herbicide
The International Olympic Committee bans the use of _____ among competitive athletes.
human growth hormone
To make your exercise routine more enjoyable, the routine should
incorporate a variety of aerobic, resistance, and flexibility activities
Caffeine's physiological effects
increases urine production
lack of sweating is a sign of heatstroke
lack of sweating is a sign of heatstroke
The liver can convert _____ into glucose that can be released into the bloodstream or stored as glycogen
lactate
Muscle cells can use the _____ energy system to obtain energy..
lactic acid
_____ are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of cells because most of the energy stored in macronutrients is released in them.
mitochondria
most physically active people should consume 20 to 35% of their total energy intake from fat
most physically active people should consume 20 to 35% of their total energy intake from fat
In the United States, _____ are more likely to be overweight or obese than other adults.
non-Hispanic black women
Jillian is an American who is staying in a small town in Guatemala, Central America. To avoid traveler's diarrhea, Jillian should
not drink fresh water
Muscle cells can use the _____ energy system to obtain energy.
oxygen
Which of the following foods would be a nutritious low-fat, high-carbohydrate meal for an athlete?
pasta with fresh vegetables
people who consume the toxin produced by E. coli should seek immediate medical attention
people who consume the toxin produced by E. coli should seek immediate medical attention
pregnant women, very young children, and people who have weakened immune systems have high risk of food-borne illness
pregnant women, very young children, and people who have weakened immune systems have high risk of food-borne illness
According to the ____ theory, a person's body fat level is genetically determined and difficult to alter.
set point
What is exercise?
skeletal muscle contractions that are planned and conducted to increase muscle mass
_____ fat insulates the body and protects muscles and bones from bumps and bruises.
subcutaneous
People with anorexia nervosa have a high risk of dying from
suicide
The _____ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.
thyroid
_____ is a type of parasitic worm that can be transferred to humans who eat raw or undercooked pork, bear, or seal meat
trichinella
A person's risk of _____ increases as his or her BMI is 30 or more.
type 2 diabetes
People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of
type 2 diabetes
People with central-body obesity are more likely to develop _____ than people who do not have excess fat in the midsection of their bodies.
type 2 diabetes
Which of the following body fat assessment techniques relies on the principle that lean tissue is denser than water?
underwater weighing
Ashley's BMI is 16.8. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.
underweight
_____ fat is located deep within the abdominal region and protects digestive organs
visceral
Which of the following physical activities metabolizes the most fat?
walking for an hour
During a dental examination, the dentist notices that the enamel on the back sides of Andrew's teeth has eroded, and the some of the teeth are decaying. Based on this information, the dentist suspects that Andrew
frequently makes himself vomit after eating
Obese women have a higher risk of developing _____ during pregnancy than pregnant women who are not obese.
gestational diabetes
A scientist wants to develop a medication that safely reduces hunger to help obese people lose weight. Based on this information, this researcher will explore ways to block the production, release, or action of
ghrelin
Which of the following nutrients can be metabolized for ATP production??
glucose
Muscles store ____, the immediate source of glucose for contracting muscles
glycogen
Which of the following conditions decreases a person's metabolic rate?
growing older
Which of the following foods would be a nutritious low-fat, high-carbohydrate pre-event snack for an athlete?
handful of dried apricots
Jason is a college football player who works out for 60 minutes per day, at least 5 days a week. He weighs 230 pounds, and his BMI is 24.3. According to this information, Jason
has more lean than fat tissue
People with BMIs of 25 or more have greater risks of _____ than people with BMIs in the healthy range.
hypertension
Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with the abuse of anabolic steroids?
hypertension
To boost his complex carbohydrate intake without adding much fat to his diet, Devon can eat
pretzels
Typical treatments for eating disorders include
psychotherapy
Which of the following foods is likely to be a source of Salmonella?
raw chicken
Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?
ready-to-eat cereal
What is physical fitness?
the ability to perform moderate to vigorous physical activity without becoming excessively tired