Infection PrepU - Fundamentals

A client is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which statement by the nurse explains how to reduce the risk of transmission to others?

"All visitors who enter the room must wear N95/surgical masks."

The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure in the client's presence. Which is the most appropriate instruction to give the client in this situation?

"I have set up this sterile field for your procedure, so please do not touch anything around the tray."

A family member with a mild upper respiratory infection comes to visit a client in a long-term care facility. The nurse takes the opportunity to teach the family member about preventing the spread of the cold. What response by the family member indicates that the nurse's teaching was successful?

"I will obtain a mask from the staff and wash my hands before touching my family member."

The registered nurse (RN) observes the licensed practical nurse (LPN) preforming this action when applying a topical gel to a client's surgical wound during a dressing change. What instructions should the RN provide the LPN regarding this action?

"To best avoid further traumatizing the wound bed, apply the gel with a sterile cotton tip applicator."

The nurse is preparing to irrigate a client's abdominal wound following wound dehiscence. Arrange the presented nursing activities in the correct order. Use all options.

1-Discuss the procedure with the client and assess client knowledge.2-Gather equipment required for a dressing change.3-Drape the client to expose the area of the wound.4-Position the client to facilitate filling the wound cavity with solution5-Open and prepare supplies following the principles of surgical asepsis.6-Don gloves and other personal protective equipment.7-Fill the syringe with solution, and instill it into the wound.8-Dry the skin surrounding the wound.

A nurse is preparing an operating room theatre for a surgical procedure. Which point regarding the principles of surgical asepsis should the nurse keep in mind when preparing sterilized surgical instruments?

A commercially packaged surgical item is not considered sterile if past expiration date.

Which client presents the most significant risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile infection?

An 81-year-old client who has been receiving multiple antibiotics for the treatment of sepsis

When preparing to take a client's blood pressure, the nurse notes that the sphygmomanometer is visibly soiled. What is the correct action by the nurse?

Cleanse and disinfect the sphygmomanometer.

Which client should the nurse determine is at greatest risk for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infection?

Client receiving chemotherapy

Which symptom is a known side effect of antibiotics?

Diarrhea

The nurse is setting up a sterile field to perform a catheterization when the client touches the end of the sterile field. What would be the nurse's next appropriate action?

Discard the sterile field and the supplies and start over.

A nurse is caring for a client with an external condom catheter. Which guideline should be implemented when applying and caring for this type of catheter?

Fasten the condom securely enough to prevent leakage without constricting blood flow.

A nurse has been exposed to feces while changing the linens of a client's bed. Which guideline is followed for performing handwashing after this client encounter?

Keep hands lower than elbows to allow water to flow toward fingertips.

Following a demonstration to a family member on how to insert a straight catheter, the nurse instructs the family member to remove the gloves by inverting one glove into the other. Which step would the nurse instruct the family member to do next?

Perform hand hygiene

The nurse prepares for a sterile procedure. Of those listed, what action does the nurse perform first?

Perform hand hygiene.

An informatics nurse specialist is extracting data from the facility's electronic health record in an attempt to identify clients at risk for developing catheter-related bloodstream infections. When gathering this data, the nurse specialist is using which technique?

Predictive analytics

The nurse has provided teaching for a client with a sinus infection who has been prescribed antibiotics and a decongestant. The client states, "I'm not sure how many days I'm supposed to take this antibiotic." What is the nurse's appropriate response?

Reteach the length of time to take the prescription.

A school nurse is providing a class on sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which statement is correct regarding STIs?

STIs are most prevalent among adolescents and young adults.

A nurse is assessing a client who was exposed to botulism from contaminated food supplies. Which symptom would the nurse expect to find in this client?

Skeletal muscle paralysis that progresses symmetrically and in a descending manner

A client is to have an indwelling urinary catheter inserted. Which precaution is followed during this procedure?

Surgical asepsis technique

The nurse is changing a client's bedding. When removing the soiled sheets, which image demonstrates proper procedure?

The nurse holding the linens away from her body in gloved hands.

Which sexually transmitted infection has the following characteristics: thin, foamy, greenish vaginal discharge that causes itching of the vulva and vagina?

Trichomoniasis

The nurse is caring for a client who is hospitalized and has an indwelling urethral catheter. Which finding confirms the client has developed an infection?

Urine culture is positive for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).

The nurse conducting a hand hygiene in-service determines that the participants need additional education when they state that the use of an alcohol-based hand rub is appropriate in which situation?

When hands are visibly soiled

The nurse is teaching a class to pregnant adolescents and young adults. What does the nurse explain is the most important reason for breastfeeding instead of bottle feeding?

breastfeeding provides protection against infections

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. The prior shift's nurse has placed the client in droplet precautions. Which is the appropriate nursing action?

change to airborne precautions

The client is an employee on the medical unit at the local children's hospital. The nurse is an occupational health nurse educating the client on various routes of exposure. The nurse knows that as a hospital employee, the client is most susceptible to infection by what mode of transmission?

contact

A client with a history of advanced liver disease comes to the emergency department (ED) with dehydration. White blood cell count shows elevation in bands and neutrophils. When preparing to catheterize the client, what color urine does the nurse anticipate will drain?

dark brown, cloudy

The nurse is caring for a client who reports having sexual intercourse with someone infected with HIV. The client may have contracted HIV due to which route of transmission?

direct contact

The nurse is caring for an older adult with streptococcal pneumonia. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

droplet

A client is undergoing surgery for an appendectomy. This would be considered what type of surgery?

emergency surgery

The nurse is caring for a client with a yeast infection. Which medication does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed?

miconazole

A nurse is taking care of a client with tuberculosis who has developed resistance to the ordered antibiotic. Which type of client is most likely at increased risk for infection?

older adult

A nurse is working with a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nurse has another client that day who has an upper respiratory infection. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to prevent the client with HIV from acquiring the upper respiratory infection?

perform hand hygiene before and after entering the client's room

The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) collecting a urine specimen from a client with Staphylococcus aureus infection. Which action by the UAP would require the nurse to intervene?

removes gloves and walks out of the room

A client has an inguinal hernia repair and later develops a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What is the most important factor to prevent this infection?

surgical asepsis

The nurse is removing gloves after performing care for a client on droplet precautions. What action best adheres to principles of infection control?

the nurse putting her ungloved fingers into the other glove to take it off

Which care intervention should the nurse anticipate when providing care to a client admitted with a possible diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB)?

wearing a particulate respirator for all care and interaction with this client