Infectuous Disease

Louis Pasteur

Advance the idea that "Germs cause disease," known as the Germ Theory.

Key characteristics of living organisms

Cytoplasm or organelles. Metabolism or homeostasis. Cell membrane or nucleus. Growing or dividing in two. Reproduction outside a living Host cell. ATP or similar molecules

Chronic illness

Develop gradually and persost over many years. After initial period of sickness, the patient has periods of time that are symptoms free. Malaria is an example.

Residential bacteria

Harmless or even helpful bacteria that live in our intestines

Reproduction of viruses

Invade normal host cells in living organisms and take over the host DNA or RNA

Typical viral diseases

Measles, mumps, chicken pox, smallpox, rabies, hepatitis, and AIDS.

Preferred host tissue

Most if the viruses have a ________ ____ _________.

Virus

Much smaller than a bacteria. Antibiotics are ineffective against them. They are not living organisms and they cannot be killed by antibiotics

Carrier

Once infected, a new host can either become a _______ of the disease or become ill

Fungi

Organisms that have plant-like characteristics but have no chlorophyll and are non-photosynthetic. Are either unicellular or multicellular in form. Are among the most important decomposers of dead matter.

Incubation period

Period of time from which a person becomes infected with microorganisms to the time where they actually show signs of the disease (contagious period) and is often hard to identify because it is usually during the early stages of the disease. An individual who is infected may not realise he or she is spreading the disease.

White cells (phagocytes)

Are not adequate to fight a bacterial infection. An appropiate antibiotic is needed.

Polio

Attaches to the nerve cells

Deadly Bacteria

Bacteria that is not threated with appropiate antibiotic therapy for a prescribed amount of time

Viral illness

Can either be benign and self-limiting, or lengthy and deadly.

Typical disease caused by bacteria

Cholera, bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis, streptoccocal throat and long infections, venereal diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea, and lymphogranuloma venerum, and staphlococcal and steptococcal infections of the skin

Infectuous Disease

Diseases caused by the spread of germs. A.k.a Communicable diseases. Are passed from one person to another

Ringworm and athlete's foot

Diseases in the skin caused by fungi. Sometimes they can penetrate the inner skin and act like a virus.

Anaerobic bacteria

Doesn't need oxygen like clostridium botulimum

Pathogen spreading mechanism

Escape from one host to a new host from the respiratory tract through coughing or sneezing. Pathogens that are airborne normally travel through the air with water droplets, and they are normally in a warm environment. Escape through the intestinal tract through feces. Direct contact with an infected person, such as the case of an infected disease. Contact with animals such as the case of a dog or insect bite. Contact with objects by touching things an infected person has handled, by drinking towels, drinking glasses, Sprite bottles, or tooth brushes. Food that has spoiled and then is eaten will result in the pathogen infecting the individual eating the food.

Symptoms of virus

Extreme fatigue, feeling rundown, extreme loss of energy, pain muscle, joints, headache, coughing, sore throat and on and on.

Process of Infectious Disease

Follows four factors: 1) The Pathogen 2) The Source of the Pathogen 3) The spread of the Pathogen and 4) the new Host

Spores

Fungi can also enter the body through ______

Pathogens

Germs or microorganisms that cause disease. Bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, fungi, and protist.

Protist

Simple one-celled organisms, or simple multicellular organisms that don't fit in any of the other kingdoms. Many of them cause disease when they got into the human body.

Bacteria

Small, one-cell organism that come in three basic shapes: Rod-like (bacillus), round (coccus), and spiral-shaped (spirochetes) are common forms. They are living organisms that require a source of food and have to produce waste

Rickettsia

Smaller than bacteria are a type of parasitic microorganism carried by a tick, spread by tick bite, causing Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Q fever, and certain forms of Typhus.

Parasites

Such as round worms or tapeworms can enter your body, live in your digestive tract, and become so numerous that they interfere with digestion or absorption of nutrients.

The Pathogen

The germ that invades a person's body. If the pathogen can be destroyed at this stage, the chain of disease is broken and the disease process ends. Penicillin can be used to destroy the pathogen at an early stage. It needs a place to call home to infect an otherwise healthy individual. The best place is a human or animal but plants, soil, and water also do the work.

Same manner

The new host usually gets the pathogen in the ______ ______ the previous host got the pathogen

Acute illness

Those that develop suddenly with symptoms that are often severe. It's the most usual form of infectious diseases. Flu and cold are exampled. If left untreated the acute illness may become chronic such as the case of syphilis, and hepatitis.

Amoeba

Type of protist that enters the body through untreated, impure water or food, taking up residence in our large intestine, causing diarrhea and pain, and possibly death.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Variation of Mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus

Opportunistic

Viruses are ________ because they move through the human body from organ to organ.

DNA or RNA

Viruses attatch to the host's _____ ___ ______. They attack and inject themselves into individual cells in the body