INQUIZITIVE; Chapter 11

The most widespread expression of hostility to slavery as an institution was "day-to-day resistance" or "silent sabotage." Identify examples of the forms of "day-to-day resistance" that the slaves performed.

-breaking tools, doing poor work, abusing animals -leaving gates open and removing rails from fences

Identify the statements that describe the Second Middle Passage.

Many commercial districts in southern cities contained the offices of slave traders, complete with signs reading "negro sales" or "negroes bought here". Slave trading within the United States between 1820 and 1860 was a visible, established business. Virginia played a key role in the Second Middle Passage.

What does this image of a southern port reveal about the southern economy?

The cotton trade created a massive industry focused on exporting the region's cotton to the rest of the country and the world. Slaves contributed to all aspects of the cotton industry, from laboring in the fields to preparing the "white gold" for sale.

What does it reveal about the free black population?

The entire black population in the North was free. The largest number of free blacks remained in the South.

Identify the statements that describe the southern planter class.

The planter class wielded significant political influence in the South because of its wealth and power. The "planter class" was a term for the families who owned twenty or more slaves, and as a result, produced the most profits.

Identify the obstacles faced by slaves attempting to escape.

There were regular slave patrols, law enforcement, and a legal system designed to ensure slaves did not escape from their masters. Slaves did not receive formal education and as a result they had little or no sense of geography, making it difficult to determine where to go after escaping. Often bonds between family members and friends were enough to deter slaves from leaving the plantation.

Resistance to slavery occasionally moved beyond individual and group acts of defiance to outright rebellions. Match the rebellions to their corresponding events.

This was the last large-scale slave rebellion in the South.: Nat Turner's Rebellion The leader of this rebellion was accused of supposedly organizing a rebellion in South Carolina but was caught before it came to fruition.: Denmark Vesey's conspiracy Some 500 men and women armed with sugarcane knives, axes, and guns marched toward the city, destroying property until they were stopped by the military.: New Orleans

In the South it was illegal under any circumstances, even self-defense, for a slave to kill a white person.

True

The most widespread expression of hostility to slavery as an institution was "day-to-day resistance" or "silent sabotage." Identify examples of the forms of "day-to-day resistance" that the slaves performed.

breaking tools, doing poor work, abusing animals. stealing food.

North American slave culture drew very little on African heritage. This was due to the fact that so many American slaves were American born and heavily influenced by white Christianity, political beliefs, and music.

false

With the price of slaves rising dramatically after the closing of the African slave trade, it made economic sense for slaveowners to pay less for health care and shelter.

false

Many slaves fully understood the impossibility of directly challenging the slave system. This meant their folktales and biblical favorites tended to glorify the weak outwitting much stronger foes. Identify why the following Bible stories and folktales were popular with slaves.

glorifies the weak outwitting stronger foes like the bear and the fox: Brer Rabbit God chooses Moses to lead the enslaved Jews out of Egypt into a promised land of freedom: Exodus represented a personal redeemer who truly cared for the oppressed: Jesus Christ

The culture of slavery in the antebellum South was different from the culture of slavery in Brazil and the West Indies. Determine whether the statements below better describe antebellum slave culture in the United States or the patterns of slave-keeping in South America and the Caribbean.

the antebellum South -There were few free blacks in this society; those who were free had few rights. -Slave rebellions were fairly rare. -Enslaved persons in this society had better living conditions and longer life expectancies. Brazil or the West Indies: -Plantation owners in this society would occasionally free their slaves as reward for good work or in honor of rites of passage like marriage. -Slave rebellions were common and large-scale. -Plantation owners tended not to live on their plantations.

Identify the following slave rebellions and revolts in the nineteenth-century Atlantic World.

the first of four major slave conspiracies in the beginning of the nineteenth century that was led by a literate blacksmith who planned a large slave rebellion around Richmond: Gabriel's rebellion a ship seized by 135 slaves being transported from Norfolk to New Orleans; they changed its course to the British Bahamas where they were given refuge: slave ship Creole a celebrated incident in which fifty-three slaves took control of their ship and tried to redirect it to Africa: slave ship amistad an uprising that occurred on sugar plantations north of New Orleans. Some 500 men and women marched on New Orleans shouting "Death or Freedom.": Louisiana a celebrated incident in which fifty-three slaves took control of their ship and tried to redirect it to Africa: slave ship Amistad

Slavery in the American South and the West Indies differed considerably. Identify the demographic differences in slavery in the following regions.

the number of male and female slaves were about the same: American South Marriage among slaves in this region was much more common, leading to a greater possibility of creating family life: American South The number of male slaves outnumbered the female slaves: West Indies

Compared to slaves in Brazil or the West Indies, American slaves had better diets. This was because the South had abundant food supplies and wild game. But, although slaves in the United States enjoyed better material lives than slaves in other regions, they had far less access to freedom.

true

The amount of revenue generated by slavery for the South and the rest of the country made it extremely difficult to abolish the peculiar institution in a region where cotton was king. These profits were a powerful obstacle to abolition.

true

Identify the key differences between slavery in the United States and slavery in Brazil.

-At the point of emancipation in Brazil, more than half of the slave population had already gained its freedom, whereas only 10 percent of slaves in the United States had gained its freedom by emancipation. -In the American South, states set limits on voluntary manumission, requiring such acts be approved by the legislature.

Identify the statements that describe the Underground Railroad.

-Harriet Tubman was the most famous "conductor" on the Underground Railroad. -"Stations" on the Underground Railroad were hideouts maintained by abolitionists to help fugitive slaves. -The Underground Railroad was not a single, centralized system, but rather a series of interlocking local networks involving black and white abolitionists helping slaves reach safety.

Gender roles for enslaved men and women differed markedly from those of free, white men and women. Identify the following statements that correctly describe how the nineteenth-century's "cult of domesticity" did not apply to slave women.

-Since black men could not provide economically for their families, black women could not perform the complementary duties of homemaking. -Slave women were expected to work in the fields with men.

What arguments does De Bow make in attempt to demonstrate that the Bible sanctions slavery?

-Slavery appears in both the New and Old Testaments of the Bible. -If the servant of God, Abraham, had slaves, then slavery is not morally wrong.

The table on the left illustrates how many slaves there were in the antebellum South. The table on the right indicates not population, but the relative proportions of yeoman farmers who owned fewer than twenty slaves per family, and the elite planters who owned more than 100. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the information provided by these tables?

-The members of the elite planter class were outnumbered by their slaves on the plantation as well as in society at large. -In the year 1850, there were almost ten times as many slaves in the South as there were slaveholders. -The elite planter class was a small proportion of antebellum society.

According to the map below, in which of the following regions were slave populations primarily concentrated around 1860?

-the South Carolina coast -along the Mississippi River

Slaveowners employed a variety of means in their attempts to maintain order and discipline among their human property and persuade them to labor productively. Identify the methods used to control slaves and force them to work for their masters.

-the threat of sale -whipping slaves and other physical punishments -prohibiting relations between house servants and field hands to prevent collaboration against the master

Slaves developed a distinct version of Christianity that offered solace in the face of hardship and hope for liberation from bondage. Identify the statements that describe the religious life of slaves.

Although it was illegal for slaves to gather without a white person present, every plantation appeared to have its own black preacher who would hold church services exclusively for the slave population. They associated with the story of the Jews, and believed that they were chosen people whom God would eventually deliver from bondage.

Slavery in the American South and the West Indies differed considerably. Identify the demographic differences in slavery in these regions.

American South: -The number of male and female slaves were about the same. -Marriage among slaves in this region was much more common, leading to a greater possibility of creating family life. West Indies: -The number of male slaves outnumbered the female slaves.

Identify the statements that describe Frederick Douglass's critique of slavery.

Douglass relates slavery to American values in order to question a society that does not practice its commitment to liberty for all people by enslaving black people. Douglass says that slaves are the truest Americans in that all they want is liberty.

Identify the escapes or contributions to escapes made by the following individuals.

He packed himself into a crate and had it shipped from Richmond to Philadelphia: Henry Brown She was the best known "conductor" on the Underground Railroad. It is estimated that she saved seventy-five men, women, and children from slavery: Harriet Tubman He escaped from the Upper South and became a leading abolitionist speaker and writer: Frederick Douglass

What would a map reveal about the slave population in 1860?

Slave ownership was not evenly distributed throughout the South but was concentrated around areas with fertile soil and easy access to national and international markets. South Carolina had the highest concentration of slaves.

Identify the statements that describe the Old South.

Slavery powerfully shaped race relations, politics, religion, and the law in the Old South. In 1860, the South produced less than 10 percent of the nation's manufactured goods. Southern railroads tended to be short lines designed to bring cotton to ports rather than integrate the South into a larger national network.

Identify the legal status and restrictions put on slaves in the American South.

Slaves could not testify in court against white persons, sign contracts, or acquire property. It was illegal to teach a slave to read and write. Under the law, slaves were seen as property.