Integumentary ( Unitek)

Keloids: etiology/ pathophysiology

overgrowth of collagenous scar tissue, raised hard and shiny May be surgically removed, but may reoccur Steroids and radiation may be used

Eczema : clinical manifestation/ assessment

papules and vesciles on scalp, forehead, cheeks, neck and extremities, erytehma and dryness of area pruritus

Pediculousis: diagnostic test

physical exam

Folliculitis, Furnucles, Carbuncles, and Felons clincial manifestation/assessment

pustules, edema, erythema, pain, pruritis

contact dermatitis: medical management/nursing interventions

remove cause, burrows solution, corticosteriods to lesions, cold compresses, and antihistamines ( Benadryl)

Dermatophytoses- TINEA CAPTITS: etiology/ pathophysiology

ring worm of the scalp

Dermatophytoses- TINEA CORPORIS: etiology/ pathophysiology

ringworm of the body

partial thickness is what type of burn

second degree

Isotretinoin - Accutane- side effects

severe dryness of skin, mouth,eyes, mucous membrane, nose, and nails, skin fragility, epistaxis, joint and muslce pain, nausea and abdominal pain

cancerous neoplasm treatment-

surgical excision, chemotherapy: cisplatin, methrotrexate, dacarbazine

full thickness is what type of burn?

third degree

Full thickness burn is...

third degree burn

tetracycline - side effects

topcial: stinging, burning, slight, yellowoing of skin may occur systemic: nausea, diarrhea, photosensitivity

acyclovir - Zovirax: nursing implications

topical : use glove to apply cover lesion completely systemic: to ensure adequate hydration to prevent crystallizationin kidneys, administer IV dose for at least 1 hour

tetracycline- nursing implications

topical- avoid contact with sunlight systemic- give on empty stomach avoid concomitant administration of dairy product, laxatives, antacids, and products containing iron, avoid contact with sunlight, may cause permanent tooth discoloration when used in children

acyclovir - Zovirax: side effect

topical: burning, rash, pruritus, stinging systemic: headache, seizures, renal toxicity, phlebitis at IV site

Angiomas

A group of blood vessels dilate and form a tumor like mass Port wine birthmark Treatment: electrolysis; radiation

Clinical manifestation/ assessment of Tinea pedis

fissures and vesicles around and below toes

Superficial - first degree burn cause

flash flame, sun burn

Angioedema : Etiology/ pathophysiology

form of urticaria, occurs only in subcutaneous tissue, same offenders as urticaria

Verruca - wart common locations

hands, arms and fingers

Urticaria ( Hives) Diagnostic tests:

health history, allergy skin test

contact dermatitis: diagnostic test

health history, intradermal skin testing. elimination diets

Hypertrichosis ( hirsutism) causes

heredity, hormone dysfunction, medication

Urticaria- hives medical management/ nursing interventions

identify and alleviate cause, antihistamine, therapeutic bath, epinephrine, teach patient possible causes and preventions

Dermatophytoses- TINEA CRURIS:

jock itch

Appearance of partial thickness burn?

large, moist, vesicles that increase in size blanches with fingertip pressure, and refills when pressure removed

Herpes simplex prognosis type 2

lesions heal within 7-14 days Recur with depression of immune system: physical and/or emotional stress

Alpha Keri: side effect

local irritation, allergic action

Corticosteriods - topical - side effect

local irritation. maceration, superinfection, atrophy, itching and drying of skin

cancerous neoplasm

melanocytes invade the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue

Scabies: diagnostic tests

microscopic examination of infected skin

color of partial thickness burn

mottled with dull, white,tan, pink or cherry red areas

Herpes simplex prognosis type 1

no cure type1 - Lesions heal within 10-14 days. Recur with depression of immune system: physical and/or emotional stress

Cellulitis - etiology/ pathophysiology

- staphyloccus aureus or streptococci common in adults - not contagious

Cellulitis- Medical management/ nursing intervention

-antibiotics therapy x10days - pain meds - dressing should be warm moist, warm compress -elevation of body parts to reduce swelling - nutrition and hydration - cures within 10 day

Impetigo Contasgiosa- Clinical mannifestation

-lesion begins as macules and develops into isolated pustules -pustules rupture from honey colored exudate - usually affects face, hands, arms, and legs -highly contagious- direct or indirect contact -low grade fever leukocytosis

Urticaria ( Hives) Clinical manifestation/assessment

-pruritus - burning pain - wheals

Folliculitis, Furnucles, Carbuncles, Felons: medical management/nursing interventions

-war, soaks 2-3 times per day ( promote suppuration) - may require surgical incision and drainage -topical antibiotic cream or ointment -medical asepsis

Herpes Zoster- Shingles Medical Management

Analgesics, sterioids, kenalog lotion, corticosteroids, Acyclovir (Zovirax), Ativan and Atarax: decrease anxiety Warm baths and compresses Patient teaching

Etiology/pathophysiology: Tinea pedis known as:

Athletes' foot

Cellulitis- diagnostic test

CBC, X-rays, MRI, CT

Dermatophytoses- TINEA CAPTITS: Clinical Manfiestation/ Assessment

Erythematous around lesion with pustules around the edges and alopecia at the site

SLE - diagnosis includes-

Erythematous butterfly rash, alopecia, photosenstivity, oral ulcers, polyarthralgias and polyarthritis, pleuritic pain, Antinuclear antibody (ANA)

Herpes Zoster - Shingles Signs and Symptoms

Erythematous rash along a spinal nerve pathway Vesicles are usually preceded by pain Rash usually in the thoracic region Vesicles rupture and form a crust Extreme tenderness and pruritus in the area

Corticosteriods ( topical)

Fluocinonide- Lidex Triamcinolone- Kenalog Betamethasone - Valisone

Alpha Keri: nursing implicaiton

For exernal use only, excerise caution when using in a tub to avoid slipping

Herpes Zoster- Shingles Etiology/pathophysiology

Herpes varicellae (same virus that causes chickenpox) Inflammation of the spinal ganglia (nerve) Occurs when immune system is depressed

Herpes Simplex: Etiology/pathophysiology

Herpesvirus hominis Type 1 : most common, common cold sore Type 2: genital herpes

a client returns to the clinic for follow-up treatment after a skin biopsy of a suspicious lesion that was performed 1 week ago. The biopsy report indicates that the lesion is a melanoma. The nurse understands that which of the following describes a characteristic of this type of lesion?

It is highly metastatic.

Pediculousis etiology/ pathophysiology

Lice infestation Three types of lice: Head lice ( capitis) attaches to hair shaft and lays eggs Body Lice ( corporis) found around neck, waist, and thighs Pubic Lice ( crabs) looks like crab with pincers

Scabies: medical management/ nursing interventions

Lindane ( Kwell), pyrethirins (RID) crotamin( Eurax), 4-8% solution of sulfur in petrolatum Treat all family members Wash linens and clothing in hot water

pediculousis: medical management/ nursing interventions

Lindane ( Kwell); Pyrethrins (RID) Cool compresses Corticosteroid ointment Assess all contacts Wash bed linens and clothes in hot water Properly clean furniture or nonwashable materials

Pediculousis: clinical manifestation

Nites and/ or lice on involved area Pinpoint raised, red macules Pinpoint hemorrhanges Serve pruritus Excoriation

Psoriasis: etiology/ pathophysiology

Noninfectious Skin cells divide more rapidly than normal

SLE- clinical manifestation

oral ulcers, arthralgias, or arthritis, vasculitis, rash, nephritis, pericarditis, synovitis, organic brain syndromes, peripheral neuropathies, anemia, leukopenia

Psoriasis : clinical manifestation/ assessment

Raised, erythematous, circumscribed, silvery, scaling plaques Located on scalp, elbows, knees, chin and trunk

Eczema: medical management / nursing intervention

Reduce exposure to allergens Hydration of skin Topical steroids Lotions- Eucerin, Alpha-Keri, Lubriderm or Curel 3-4 times a day

Herpes Simplex medical management/ nursing interventions

Relive symptoms Acycolovir ( Zorvirax): oral, topical or IV Warm compresses to area Keep lesion dry and avoid direct contact Analgesics for pain control Technique for prevent spreading Teach good hygiene

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus etiology/ pathophysiology

SLE is an autoimmune disorder effcts skin,joints, kidneys, serous membranes,chronic, incurable,mutlicausal disease

SLE- medical management

SLE treatment goal include relief of symptoms. Drug therapy- NSAIDs, ASA, Ibuprofen, antimalarial drug, or chloroquine and corticosteroids such as prednisone.

Scabies: etiology/ pathophysiology

Sarcoptes scabiei ( itch mite) Mite lays eggs under the skin Transmitted by prolonged contact with infected area

Herpes Zoster as known as

Shingles

Impetigo Contasgiosa- Etiology/Pathophysiology

Staphlococcus aureus or streptococci

Herpes Simplex Clinical manifestations/ assessment type 1

Type 1 - vesicle at the corner of the mouth, on the lips or the nose "cold sores, Ertyhematous and edematous, Malaise and fatigue

How is Herpes Simplex contacted?

Type 1: Transmission contact with an open lesion Type 2 : primarily sexual contact

Herpes Simplex: clincial manifestation/ assessment type 2

Type 2- various types of vesciles on the cervix or penus, flu like symptoms

Scabies: clinical manifestation

Wavy brown, threadlike lines on the body ip to 1cm long Pruritus

Isotretinoin - Accutane- nursing implication

absolutely contraindicted in pregnant women or women contemplating childbearing age must practice contraception during therapy and 1 month before and after therapy

Eczema ( atopic dermatits) etiology/pathophysiology

allergen causes histamine to be released and an antigen-antibody reaction occurs, primarily occurs in infants

Urticaria ( Hives): Etiology/ pathophysiology

allergic reaction release of histamine in an anitgen- antibody reaction drugs, food, insect bites, inhalants, emotional stress or expsure to heat or cold

a nurse who is employed in a long-term care facility is planning the clinical assignments for the day. the nurse knows not to assign which staff member to the client with a diagnosis of herpes zoster?

an experience nursing assistant who has never had chicken box.

Corticosteriods- topical - action

anti- inflammatory agent

Isotretinoin - Accutane- action

antiacne agent

tetracycline - action

antibacterial agent

Impetigo Contasgiosa- medical management/nursing intervention

antiseptic soap ( betadine or hibiclens) to remove crusted exudates - topical antibiotic cream, ointment, lotion - antibiotics, oral or IV - keep area clean and dry

acyclovir - Zovirax: action

antiviral

Verruca ( wart) what is it?

benign, viral warty skin lesion

Dermatophytoses- tinea corporis, tinea cruris clinical manifestation

brownish red lesions groin, groin area, prurtis, skin excoriation

Angioedema : clinical manifestation/ assessment

buring and pruritus, acute pain, respiratory distress, edema of an entire area

Contact dermatits: clinical manifestation/assessment

burning, pain, pruitius,edma, papules and vesciles

Verruca - wart treatment

cauterization, solid carbon, dixoide. malignant melanoma

a nurse is designed to care for a client with heroes zoster. Which of the following characteristics would the nurse expect to note when assessing the lesions of this infection?

clustered skin vessels

Angioedema: Medical management/ nursing intervention

cold compresses, antihistamines, epinephrines, corticosteriods

full thickness burn cause

contact with hot liquids or solids flame chemicals electrical contact

Cause of partial thickness?

contact with hot liquids or solids, flash flame to clothing, direct flame, chemicals, ultraviolet light

Impetigo Contasgiosa- diagnostic tests

culture of exudate from lesion

Herpes Simplex Diagnostic test

culture of lesion

Herpes Zoster- Shingles Diagnostic test

culture of lesion

Hypertrichosis treatment

dermabrasion, electrolysis, chemical depilation, shaving, plucking

Contact dermatitis: etiology/ pathophysiology

direct contact with agents of hypersensitivity- detergents, soaps, industrial chemicals, plants

corticosteroids- nursing implications

do not use occulusive dressing unless directed by a physican

full thickness burn appearance

dry with leathery eschar, charred vessels visible under eschar

Alpha Keri: action

emollient

Cellulitis- Clinical manifestation and assessment

erythema, pain, hot and tender to touch, limited movement

Hypertrichosis ( hirsutism)

excessive growth of hair

SLE- diagnosis

extensive evaluations over months or years. One positive diagnostic tests along with three other criteria leads to diagnosis

Angioedema common sites

eyelids, hands, feet, toungue, largnx, GI, genitalia, or lips

cancerous neoplasm: greatest risk

fair complexion, blue eyes, red or blonde hair and freckles