intro to literature exam 1 daniel austin msu

style

distinct, individual manner in which a writer uses words

novels

extended narrative in prose that emphasizes complexity of a character and development of a unifying theme

persona

"character" projected by the author, the I of a narrative poem or novel or the speaker whose voice is heard

figuring out what to do

1. 2. general idea(freewriting, outline) 3. specific idea(thesis, support) 4. plan(para by paragraph) 5. write

general idea(freewriting, outline)

1. figuring out what to do(brainstorming) 2. 3. specific idea(thesis, support) 4. plan(para by paragraph) 5. write

specific idea(thesis, support)

1. figuring out what to do(brainstorming) 2. general idea(freewriting, outline) 3. 4. plan(para by paragraph) 5. write

plan(paragraph by paragraph)

1. figuring out what to do(brainstorming) 2. general idea(freewriting, outline) 3. specific idea(thesis, support) 4. 5. write

write

1. figuring out what to do(brainstorming) 2. general idea(freewriting, outline) 3. specific idea(thesis, support) 4. plan(para by paragraph) 5.

third person limited

POV that can look into the mind/feelings of only one character

third person limited omnicient

POV that can look into the minds/feelings of SOME characters

third person omnicient

POV that has unlimited knowledge of everyone in the stories thoughts and feelings

third person

POV told by anon or identified outside observer

first person

POV told by narrator using I

third person objective

POV with outside view, but no knowledge of characters inner thoughts and feelings

thesis statement

a specific claim that validates the entirety of the paper in one claim

revision

add, take away ideas; happens in every step of writing

prominance

amount an object is repeated, described, or noticeable in a story that increases its likelihood to be a symbol

critical analysis

analysis that applies schools of thought to a paper

story

any account of a related series of events in sequential order, usually chronological order

analysis

asks how,what, why

Tone

attitude or stance toward the subject and toward the reader or audience implied in a literary wrok

Orientation

author: Daniel Orozco sum: persons blunt and informative and personal introduction to an office and the employees in it

The Cask of Amantillado

author: Edgar Allen Poe sum: A man holds a grudge and murders Fortunado by leading him down into a grave for some alcohol and walling him into a room

A Good Man is Hard to Find

author: Flannery O'Connor sum: family wrecks car on road trip and is murdered by serial killers gang on side of road all due to grandma bringing her cat

Girl

author: Jamaica Kincaid sum: short story about the rules and duties of being a woman from a mother to her young daughter

The Story of an Hour

author: Kate Chopin sum: Mrs. mallard rejoices in her husbands death, only to have a heart attack at finding him alive

The Smile

author: Ray Bradbury sum: future society has fallen apart and people are resentful of past, but one boy snags the smile of Mona Lisa when it is being attacked by the townspeople

Superman and me

author: Sherman Alexie sum: poor indian learns how to read with superman comic books and teaches kids about reading and writing now to empower them

The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven

author: Sherman Alexie sum: talented Native American dude gets a job and struggles with the pressures of success and love

The Things they Carried

author: Tim O'brien sum: short story about soldiers and the items and burdens they held with them on their travels and Lieutenant Jimmy Cross's mistake of daydreaming about a girl(Martha) resulting in a soldiers death

Everyday Use

author: alice walker sum: Mother to two very different daughters(maggie and Dee) chooses the younger, less gifted one to give ancestors quilts to

The flowers

author: alice walker sum: short story about Myop picking flowers and coming across a dead body that was hung in the woods

Maus

author: art spiegelman sum: comic depiction about the holocaust from a jewish perspective

Love in LA

author: dagoberto Gilb sum: lying man rear ends woman and flirts with her

A&P

author: john updike sum: short story about cashier, Sammy, at grocery store observing young girls in bathing suits and quitting when they get chewed out by the manager

The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

author: katherine anne porter sum: old senile woman recalls and considers her life as she dies

The Red Convertible

author: louise Erdrich sum: short story of two brothers reconnecting over a car after one suffers PTSD from war

Happy Endings

author: margaret atwood sum: poem about happy ending and a ton of realistic sad endings

The House on Mango Street

author: sandra cisneros sum: little girls family's dreams of a nice house are unfulfilled with a crappy home, which she realizes when a nun points out how bad it is

A Rose for Emiy

author: william faulkner sum: Old woman murders lover and southern town ignores crazy behavior

myth

belief system with rules, stories, meaning

short stories

brief fictional narratives in prose that often focus on the essential aspects of a character and on a single event or episode

naming

characterization based on representations of names and allusions ex. ruth may, rachel, leah

literary vs. contextual

characterization of a symbol that involves culture and time OR is only within the work

conventional vs. traditional

characterization of a symbol that involves seasons, nature, day/night

entering a characters mind

characterization where narrator tells reader characters thoughts

dialogue

characterization with a conversation between characters ex. A: "How are you?" B: "I'm such a mess and am always confused"

telling

characterization with the author simply telling the reader about the character ex. "her name was connie. she was fifiteen."

consistent

characters method of handling situations in a similar manner repeatedly

motivation

characters reasons, explanations, justifications behind their behavior

historical criticism

criticism involving analysis and data to illuminate meaning and interpret from historical research

mythological criticism

criticism involving archetypes and cultural stories such as monomyth and seasonal cycles

cultural criticism

criticism involving cultural inclusiveness and influences of tradition and beliefs

marxist criticism

criticism involving economy, politics and how they are used such as class conflict, domination over others, or race relations

psychological criticism

criticism involving freud and character analysis that clarifies their actions, motivations, and attitudes with modern psychoanalytical insights

gender criticism

criticism involving gender roles and how they effect characters

biographical criticism

criticism involving research into details of authors life to analyze works and illuminate meaning

novellas

fictional prose narrative longer than short story but shorter than a navel; commonly 50-100 pages

stock

flat characters that are stereotypes and in all stories ex. stepmother, geek

editing

grammar corrections, cleanness; happens at end

talk to yourself about the text

jot down thoughts that occur to you or remind you of other books, movies, songs

epics

long narrative poem that celebrates achievement of great heroes, often determining the fate of a people in formal language ex. Homer's iliad and odyssey

fiction

narrated stories drawn from the imagination or are an imaginative reworking of actual experiences

reliable narrator

narrator that give reader no reason to doubt their words

unreliable narrator

narrator that has limited knowledge or character flaws making their words difficult to believe

naive narrator

narrator too young or inexperienced to understand fully what they are talking about

Symbol

object, event, or person hat suggests more than its literal meaning and represents something else

rhythm

pattern and cadences in the flow and movement of sentences created by the arrangement of words and phrases

verbal irony

plays on words, including sarcasm

flag key sentences

put a star, ?, ! by passages you want to reutrn to

syntax

sentence style

dynamic

type of character that changes and grows

round

type of character that is complex and have many sides

flat

type of character that is not very developed and are represented through only one or two features

static

type of character that stays the same through the entire work

place, time, culture

types of setting

underline or highlight key parts

underline sentences/phrases that you really like or that strike you as important

dramatic irony

when a character says/does something the reader realizes has a meaning opposite to what the character intends ex. horro

situational irony

when a result or situation turns out very differently from what was expected or hoped for

diction

word choice

talk back to the text

write comments in margins

write notes about text

write definitions/explanations you had to look up