ITE 380 Exam 1

Leading

the space between lines.

Hypertext systems Used For

used for: - Electronic publishing and reference works - Technical documentation - Educational courseware - Interactive kiosks - Electronic catalogs

different ways to specify sizes

- 1 bit, 2 colors -4 bit 16 colors 8 bit 256 colors 24 bit millions of colors

Font styles include

- Boldface - Italic - Underlining - Outlining

Bitmaps are an image format suited for creation of:

- Photo-realistic images - Complex drawings - Images that require fine detail

Factors affecting legibility of text:

- Size - Background and foreground colors - Style - Leading Legibility

Hypertext System

enables the user to navigate through text in a non-linear way.

Stages of a Multimedia Project

1. Planning and Costing 2. Designing and Producing 3. Testing 4. Delivering

Stages of a Project

1. planning and costing 2. designing and producing 3. testing 4. delivering 5. maintaining

Most common Bitmap formats

BMP - A windows bitmap file TIFF - Extensively used in DTP packages PCX - Used by MS-DOS paint software

Vector-drawn images are used in the following areas:

Computer-aided design (CAD) programs - Graphic artists designing for the print media - 3-D animation programs - Applications requiring drawing of graphic shapes

Message Analysis

Conveying the message Getting the audience's attention • Text • Illustrations • Animation / video* • Audio* • Interaction

Execution

Design - Clarity and flow • Writing • Graphic illustration • Performance - Is system fast enough for media processing?

Media Considerations

Does it enhance the emotional impact? • Does it make a story point? • Does it help with information delivery? • Does it help with the passage of time? • Does it provide a transition?

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

Dynamic HTML uses _____ for greater control over design.

Lossless Compression

File is compressed with no loss of essential data GIF, PNG, BMP

Implications (considerations) of different types of media

Requires different design methods and technologies • Requires different technologies to store, load and display on a device • Effective in some areas of communication but perhaps not efficient in communicating all messages

Cross-platform formats

JPEG, GIF, and PNG - Most commonly used format on the Web

Hypermedia

Links Nodes Anchors Hypertext systems

Color Palettes

Mathematical tables that define the color of pixels displayed on the screen.

BTM

Most commonly used image file format on Windows known as bitmap.

Dithering

Process whereby the color value of each pixel is changed to the closest matching color value in the target palette. - This is done using a mathematical algorithm

Linear

Project that are not interactive

Nonlinear

Projects where users are given navigational control

HTML

The standard document format used for web pages is called

Project Intangibles

Things that are not hardware or software and are components that are unseen and very valuable for project development EX: Creativity, Organization, Communication, Team

Audience Analysis

Users: • Demographics • Personal views • Viewing environment • Skill and knowledge level Hardware • Why is this important? • What should we attempt to find? • What is our projected delivery platform?

Vector-drawn

Uses Cartesian coordinates to draw non photorealistic images

- Vector images use less memory space and have a smaller file size as compared to bitmaps. - For the Web, pages that use vector graphics in plug-ins download faster and, when used for animation, draw faster than bitmaps. Vector images cannot be used for photorealistic images. - Vector images require a plug-in for Web-based display. - Bitmaps are not easily scalable and resizable. - Bitmaps can be converted to vector images using autotracing.

Vector-drawn images versus bitmaps

Lossy Compression

When the data is uncompressed it is not the exact same size as the original. JPEG

Font

a collection of characters of a single size and style belonging to a particular typeface family.

Additive color

a color is created by combining colored light sources in three primary colors - red, green, and blue (RGB). - TV and computer monitors use this method.

Multimedia

a combination of text, art, sound, animation, and video

Typeface

a family of graphic characters, often with many type sizes and styles.

Nodes

are accessible topics, documents, messages, and content elements. Links form the backbone of a knowledge access system.

Symbols

are concentrated text in the form of stand-alone graphic constructs. - They are used to convey meaningful messages.

Links

are connections between conceptual elements, navigation pathways and menus.

Character metrics

are the general measurements applied to individual characters

Discordant

clash, evoke a high energy effect (reds and yellows)

Subtractive color

created by combining colored media such as paints or ink. - Process used to create color in printing. primary colors: cyan, magenta, and yellow (CMY).

Anti-aliasing

creates "smooth" boundaries between colors. Allows text to be re-sized without jaggies

Bitmap

data matrix describing the individual dots of an image. - known as paint graphics. - made up of individual dots or picture elements known as pixels or pels.

Readability

ease with which language is understood

Hypertext

is defined as the organized cross-linking of words, images, and other Web elements.

Anchors

is defined as the reference from one document to another document, image, sound, or file on the Web.

Color

is one of the most vital components of multimedia.

Kerning

is the spacing between character pairs

Jaggies

jagged squares around text

Font sizes

measured in points (0.0138 in or 1/72 inch

Harmonious

peaceful or soothing effect (light blues and greens)

Authoring Systems

provide the framework for organizing and editing elements of a multimedia project

Three main areas of concern in Multimedia Project

• Communicating the message • Execution • Accountability and Measurability

Communicating the Message

• Getting the user's attention • Set up the correct emotional atmosphere - Frame of mind • Deliver the message

Why is text so important?

• Most common form of communication • Words or symbols • Design objects using words with... • Precise meaning • Powerful meaning

Audio

• Speech • Digitized voice • Voice synthesis • Phonemes of speech • Voice recognition

Video

• Stored • Blu-ray Disc, DVD, QuickTime, MPEG-4 • Live Animation • Path animation • Cel animation

Forms of Media

• Text • Images • Video • Animation • Audio

Text

• Writing perspective, size, shape and color Graphics Images • Line Art • Photo-realistic • Documents (PDF) • GIS Maps (Geographic Information Systems)

Determining Platform Requirements

•Interviews: structured, unstructured • Questionnaires • Observation • Sampling