KNH473 Exam 2
A general guideline related to the progression principle of training is that the training load should not increase more than _________ from the previous training session.
10%
The minimal age to compete internationally in gymnastics is:
16
Research definitively shows that intense training stunts the growth of female gymnasts (keeps them from growing).
False
Children can diversify (play many sports) early and still attain elite status in most sports as an adult.
True
Physical activity (particularly aerobic activity) leads to better academic performance for kids in math, language, and memory tests.
True
The unhealthy female athlete triad includes:
amenorrhea, osteoporosis, disordered eating
Early specialization has been linked to:
burning and dropping out of sport
Which of the following are positive benefits of physical activity and training for kids?
decreased fat stronger bones increased muscular strength better cognitive (academic) performance
Along with physical/emotional exhaustion, what other two symptoms are part of burnout in youth athletes?
devaluation of sport and reduced feelings of accomplishment
What type of stretching should athletes engage in prior to physical training sessions?
dynamic stretching
Which of the following is an effective strategy adults should use to help youth athletes effectively respond to the demands of sport competition?
expose them to pressure in training tell them that nervousness is okay and a normal feeling about competition explain that mistakes are part of the learning process
Coaches help young athletes experience flow when then make training extremely difficult and provide constant evaluation.
false
It's highly motivating to young athletes to make them uncertain about upcoming competition so they will perform better.
false
Youth coaches should attempt to get young athletes' levels of arousal as high as possible to help them perform better.
false
Social climate contributors to burnout in youth athletes include:
feeling trapped in sport participation
Which of the following is an active coping strategy for kids in youth sport?
focus on their personal goals for competition
Which of the following is NOT an example of an early specialization sport, as identified by Balyi et al. (2013)?
ice hockey
Which of the following characteristics require "early engagement" in sports, even though these sports don't require early, exclusive specialization?
kinesthetic feel visual tracking complex decision-making
Why may physical activity/training as child prevent osteoporosis later in life?
mechanical loading of bones stimulates bone growth and density
How does strength training typically lead to gains in strength for prepubescent children?
neuromuscular learning, or enhanced motor unit recruitment
Which of the following are predictors of eating disorders in young female athletes?
participation in gymnastics or figure skating
Stress is best thought of as a/an:
process
Which of the following make young athletes more susceptible to exertion heat illness, including heat exhaustion and heat stroke?
recovering from an illness
Which of the following sports does NOT require early engagement to attain elite status?
rowing
Which of the following are the best type of activities to stimulate bone growth/health during childhood?
tag, hop-scotch, dodge-ball, gymnastics/tumbling
The most important aspect of progressive resistance training with children is:
technique
What is the "rationalization of sport" and how does it hurt youth athletes?
the performance of athletes becomes more important than the wellbeing of the athletes producing that performance
What is the main reason that specialization (which is not a bad thing at the right age) turns into over-specialization (which is problematic)?
the psychological development and wellbeing of the youth athlete is sacrificed
As the social evaluation increases in youth sport (e.g., pressure from parents, fear of failure), kids perceive more threat and may respond with anxiety.`
true
Children's ABCs (agility, balance, coordination) are best developed through physical play and game-like activities in childhood (e.g., tumbling, obstacle courses, relays, tag, kickball).
true
Research shows that parental pressure created anxiety in young swimmers only when the parents focused on outcomes, such as winning or beating opponents.
true
Research supports that early specialization is not necessary for MOST KIDS in MOST SPORTS for them to achieve success in sport later in life.
true
The more technically complex the sport, the more crucial is early practice.
true
Young athletes report more burnout as they increase in age from 7 to 17 years.
true
Which of the following is true about stress in youth sport?
youth athletes need small amounts of stress to help them develop coping resources
