Lab #4
Internal Intercostals
- Found more medially; next to breast plate midline - Function: depression of ribs in exhalation
External Intercostals
- Found on far lateral ends of breast plate - Function: elevate ribs for inhalation
Mediastinum
Centrally located space between the lungs and the 2 pleural cavities
Left Atrium
Chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins
Aorta
Found on top when looking at anterior surface; very thick walls and large diameter
Innermost Intercostals (No ID)
Function: depress ribs during exhalation
Subcostals (No ID)
Function: depress ribs during exhalation
Transversus thoracis (Find inverted Christmas tree shape on back of breast plate)
Muscle found in lower part of breast plate located around the inverted Christmas tree - Function: depress ribs during exhalation
Right Atrium
Receives deoxygenated blood from vena cava
Sternal angle
Ridge between manubrium and sternum body where manubrialsternal joint is - it landmarks the 2nd rib
Pulmonary veins
TURN HEART AROUND, there will be 4 openings which are the pulmonary veins - bring oxygenated blood from lungs to left atrium
Left Ventricle
Thick chamber in lower left side of heart - receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the entire body through aorta
Costal lung surface
anterior + lateral + posterior sides
Ductus Arteriosus
blood vessel in fetus connecting pulmonary artery to aorta to bypass lungs
Inferior Lobe
bottom lobe of the lung
Pulmonary Trunk
carries blood from right ventricle to pulmonary arteries (forms T section with 2 arteries; 1 going to left and 1 going to right lung)
Pectoralis major
chest; on top of breast plate before it is removed
Visceral pericardium (epicardium)
covers the heart's outer surface (ON the heart)
Visceral Pleura
covers the lungs (have to palpate lungs) and is continuous with parietal pleura. There is lubricating fluid in between them
Pectoralis minor (under pectoralis major when reflected)
depression of scapula and elevation of ribs during forced inhalation
Ribs 8-10 are known as _____ because they have no direct connection to sternum
false ribs; they link to rib #7 then to sternum
Oblique Fissure
fissure dividing superior+middle lobes from inferior lobe
Horizontal Fissure of RIGHT lung
fissure separating the superior and middle lobes of the right lung
Ribs 11-12 are known as ______ because they have no anterior connection at all
floating ribs
Right ventricle
found in lower right side of heart - pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Superior and Inferior Vena Cavae
from body to right atrium - 2 medium openings, one on top and one on the bottom; they merge to form the right atrium
Xiphoid Process
inferior pointy portion of the sternum
Diaphragmatic lung surface
inferior surface sitting on the diaphragm
Manubrialsternal joint
joint between manubrium and sternum body
Aortic semilunar valve
located between the left ventricle and the aorta
Apex of the heart
lower tip of the heart
Sternum is made up of
manubrium, sternum body, xiphoid process
Mediastinal lung surface
medial surface where vein, artery, bronchial openings are
Sternum body
middle and largest portion of the breastplate
Middle Lobe (RIGHT LUNG ONLY)
middle section of the right lung
Foramen Ovale
opening between 2 atrial walls in fetus to bypass lungs b/c there is not mechanical respiration in fetus
Parietal Pleura
outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall; it is a thin membrane that can be physically lifted on the body
Oblique pericardial sinus
pocket-like recess accessed by palpating behind the heart
Serratus Anterior (digitations on the side)
protract scapula
Fossa Ovalis
remnant of foramen ovale of fetal heart; wall between left and right atrium
Lungs
right is bigger than left
Parietal pericardium
sac enclosing heart; can be seen and physically lifted on the body
Ligamentum Arteriosum
small ligament attached to aorta that is the remnant of ductus arteriosus
Intercostal space
space between the ribs
Transverse Pericardial Sinus
space posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk but anterior to superior vena cava
Opening in rib cage is called
superior thoracic aperture
Apex of the lungs
superior tip of lung
Manubrium
the superior portion of the sternum
Papillary muscles
thick stems located in both ventricles
Chordae Tendineae
thin strings coming off papillary muscles that attach to cusps of valves to prevent back-flow of blood by keeping cusps down
Superior Lobe
topmost lobe of each lung
Ribs 1-7 are known as _____ because they articulate directly with the sternum
true ribs
Bicuspid Valve
valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Tricuspid Valve
valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle
Pulmonic Semilunar Valve
valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Serous membranes
visceral and parietal
