LEAD 344 Final Exam

Emotional intelligence is based on the inter play between these two domains.

Affective & cognitive

Which Big Five personality factor is only weakly associated with leadership?

Agreeableness

The idealized influence factor is measured using which two components?

Attributional and behavioral components

To create change, transformational leaders...

Become strong role models for their followers

"The carrot and the stick" style of motivation derives from which theory?

Behaviorism

Servant leadership can be viewed as a set of?

Behaviors

Some positive communication behaviors that account for successful leader emergence are ______.

Being informed, initiating new ideas

The developmental definition of authentic leadership assumes that leadership...

Can be nurtured in a leader rather than a fixed trait

According to the VMI Leader Journey, which of the following is NOT one of the Institute's key attributes and behaviors of leaders?

Capacity

When studying ethics and leadership, ethicaltheories fall into which two broad domains?

Character & conduct

The Bill George's approach to authentic leadership focuses on authentic leaders'______.

Characteristics

Which type of follower goes along with a destructive leader because they see an opportunity to personally profit?

Colluder

As captain of the soccer team, your primary concern is winning games and maintaining the strength of the team. Your players couldn't care less about teamwork and just want to win. Which component of leadership would you recommend the leader focus on?

Common goals

______ refers to the servant leader characteristic in which the leader is a visionary and solves problems in creative ways.

Conceptualization

According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid,______ refers to a leader's interest in achieving organizational tasks.

Concern for production

According to the Big 5 personality trait, people with high levels of _____ appear responsible and able to regulate impulses.

Conscientiousness

Which of the following is NOT a servant leader behavior?

Consistency

Which antecedent condition is concerned with how outside influences shape servant leadership?

Context and culture

Which leadership style on Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid has high concern for people and low concern for production?

Country-club management

According to Chaleff, followers need to have the ______ to support and challenge the leader.

Courage

Frank is a district manager of a fast food chain. He has worked his way up from cook to restaurant manager, and now district manager. Frank's ability to use his experiences in these lower level positions to eventually become district manager is an example of Frank's ______.

Crystallized cognitive ability

Based on the Situational Leadership Model, this follower developmental level consists of some competence but low commitment

D2

The SLII development level refers to the ______.

Degree to which followers have the capabilityand motivation to accomplish tasks

The toxic triangle describes the interrelationships between ______.

Destructive leaders, susceptible followers, & conducive environments

A leader who gives followers instructions about how and when goals should be achieved and supervises them carefully is using ______ behaviors.

Directing

The goal of the trait approach is to ______.

Distinguish leaders from non-leaders

In Zaleznik's typology of followers, follower behaviors can be charted along which two scales?

Dominant-submissive & active-passive

The interpersonal perspective on authentic leadership views leadership as______.

Emerging out of the interactions between leaders and followers

Which servant leader behavior refers to a leader's willingness to make themselves available to others and to provide support?

Emotional healing

Sameera just had an argument with her supervisor about spending more than was budgeted on her project. Sameera had strong emotions during the argument, and now she is thinking about how to improve her mood at work. This reflection suggests that Sameera has which leadership trait

Emotional intelligence

The passive form of management by exception is ______.

Enacted only after problems arise

The primary functions of leadership are ______.

Establishing direction, aligning people, inspiring others

Fatema is a teacher who felt unprepared to switch to online learning during the pandemic. She is trying to navigate the challenges of limited computer and internet access for herself and her students. Fatema's experience is an example of which type of environmental influence?

External

T/F: A strength of the transformational model is its conceptual clarity.

False

T/F: Transactional leadership raises the level of motivation and morality in followers.

False

Which outcome of servant leadership suggests that followers are often likely to become servant leaders themselves?

Follower performance and growth

The three outcomes of servant leadership are?

Follower performance and growth, societal impact, organizational performance

Which of the following is most accurate about followers?

Followers can play a harmful role in organizations.

Adjusting leadership styles is based on the assumption that ______.

Followers' skills and motivation vary over time

James is being considered for a management position. On his trait assessment, he scores low on integrity. In reviewing James's past performance, what finding would be consistent with this trait assessment?

He blames others for his shortcomings.

Transformational leadership is a form of leadership that ______.

Helps followers do more than is expected

Which is a strength of TRAIT approach?

Helps organizations easily identify & train leaders

In Chaleff's model of followership, an individualist exhibits ______.

High challenge and low support for the leader high dominance and high activity

According to servant leadership theory,because research shows that ethical behavior is positively related to job performance,organizations should hire leaders who have _____.

High integrity

Jake wants to use the trait approach to help screen applicants for a sales position. What should he do first?

Identify the characteristics associated with success in that position

FI - According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid, a leader who exerts minimal effort to get work done as appropriate to sustain office membership displays ________ management.

Impoverished

In LMX theory, leaders should strive to treat followers ______.

Independently

How would you describe leader-follower influence during the acquaintance phase?

Influences are mixed with followers and leaders mutually influential

FI - As some of the first research on behavioral approach, the Ohio State studies noted followers' responses to a questionnaire clustered around ________ and ________, also referred to as task and relationship behaviors.

Initiating structure and consideration

Which of the following is NOT one of three competencies in Mumford et al.'s skills model?

Intelligence

Life purpose and sense of commitment are examples of _____ motivators

Intrinsic

The "natural leader" trait definition of leadership is

Is restricted to those with inborn talent, qualities, or characteristics

Mumford et al.'s skills-based model differs from the "great man" approach in what way?

It assumes that anyone willing to learn can develop leadership skills.

One criticism of transformational leadership is that it suffers from "heroic leadership." Why is this a problem?

It fails to acknowledge reciprocal influence or shared leadership.

Which statement about early trait approach research is true?

It focuses on male leadership

Which of the following is a strength of the transformational approach?

It has intuitive appeal and makes sense to people.

Categorizing followers into different types is helpful because ______.

It helps explain people's actions when they are in followership roles

Which is a major criticism of the trait approach?

Its lack of a definitive list of leadership traits

According to the five-factor personality model, which person is most likely to excel at task performance?

Kaylee, who is high in conscientiousness

Which skills model competency consists of creating a schema for learning and organizing data?

Knowledge

Which of the following is a criticism of LMX?

LMX does not fully explain the creation of high-quality exchanges

Erdem has a genius-level IQ and was therefore selected to participate in a leadership development program at work. However, after he is promoted, it becomes apparent that his team is struggling because his ideas are too complicated. The most likely reason for this issue is that Erdem ______.

Lacks communication skills

A strength of servant leadership is that it provides a counter-intuitive approach to influence and power. What does this mean?

Leaders are thought to share control and influence rather than dominate and exert control.

Followership has been rarely studied as a central part of leadership because ______.

Leaders rather than followers are seen as the agents of organizational change

According to the VMI Leader Journey, _____refers to the ability of organizations to engage well in the leadership process.

Leadership development

The situational leadership model is divided into two parts: ______.

Leadership style & follower development level

Chief executive officers of any company have

Legitimate power

Servant leaders communicate by ______ first.

Listening

Criticisms of situational approach

Little corroboration Commitment conceptualization Matching of leader style and follower level Fails to consider demographics Survey only offers options based on leadership style

A weakness of the study of followership is ______.

Little empirical research conducted on the topic

According to Katz's three-skill approach, which level of management requires equal amounts of management skills?

Middle

Like the concept of leadership, followership is presumed to have a(n) ______ dimension as it relates to responsibility for the group.

Moral

Bart often changes his management style to accommodate his own needs. Most employees perceive Bart as a leader who watches out for himself.According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid, Bart is a(n)______ leader.

Opportunistic

Salisa often changes her management style to accommodate her own needs. Most employees perceive Salisa as a leader who watches out for herself. According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid, Salisa is a(n)______ leader.

Opportunistic

Why is self-confidence important in influencing others?

People won't follow someone who seems unsure of themselves.

You really enjoy working for your boss and look up to her or him as a role model. You are more than willing to work hard for the organization because of your relationship with your boss. This is an example of ______.

Personal power

In which level of Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development do individuals judge morality actions by their direct consequences?

Preconventional morality

Pseduo-transformational leadership describes leadership that...

Provides inspiration yet is often manipulative

One characteristic of traits is that they are ______.

Relatively unchanging

The two types of perspectives that are used when studying followership are ______.

Role-based and relational-based

According to the model of servant leadership, an expected outcome for followers is increased ______.

Self-actualization

A leader who is assured and dominant in her manner is expressing ______.

Self-confidence

Charismatic leaders often communicate high expectations for followers in hopes of increasing followers'______.

Self-efficacy

Imani is a gifted communicator and has a talent for verbally articulating what the future can hold for the team. According to Mumford's nine key problem-solving skills, which is Imani demonstrating?

Sensemaking/visioning

Servant leadership focuses on?

Service and influence

Research indicates that a leader's intellectual ability ______.

Should not differ too much from that of followers

According to trait approach, which of the following is a major leadership trait?

Sociability

Contingent reward is a process in which effort by followers is exchanged for ______.

Specific payoffs

Reversing the lens means ______.

Studying followership by considering how followers impact leaders and organizations

A leader who gives recognition and social support to followers is using ______behaviors

Supporting

According to Katz's three-skill approach, the most important leadership skills for lower-levels of management are:

Technical and human skills

Dimitri is in charge of hiring a new manager for the first shift on the production line. According to Katz's model, Dimitri should be looking for a person with ______.

Technical skills

According to the ten characteristics of servant leadership, stewardship is____.

The careful management of people and resources

Which statement reflects the nature of transformational leaders?

They nurture, inspire, and empower followers.

From a relational-based perspective, followership is ______.

Tied to interpersonal processes

The statement "They are a born leader" suggests a ______.

Trait definition of leadership

Your parents and older siblings are all successful elected officials. After graduation, it is suggested by many that you should seek office and, in turn, they offer you their support. Which best describes the leadership approach being demonstrated by your supporters?

Trait perspective

T/F: Research shows that the most effective leadership combines transformational leadership behaviors with elements of laissez-faire and transactional leadership.

True

The main distinction between Kellerman's typology of followers and those of Zaleznik, Chaleff, and Kelley is that Kellerman ______.

Views followers along a single continuum, while other scholars use two dimensions

One of the key differences between Zaleznik's and Kelley's approaches to followership is ______.

Zaleznik focused on personal aspects of followers, while Kelley emphasized followers' motivations