LEAD 344 Final Exam
Emotional intelligence is based on the inter play between these two domains.
Affective & cognitive
Which Big Five personality factor is only weakly associated with leadership?
Agreeableness
The idealized influence factor is measured using which two components?
Attributional and behavioral components
To create change, transformational leaders...
Become strong role models for their followers
"The carrot and the stick" style of motivation derives from which theory?
Behaviorism
Servant leadership can be viewed as a set of?
Behaviors
Some positive communication behaviors that account for successful leader emergence are ______.
Being informed, initiating new ideas
The developmental definition of authentic leadership assumes that leadership...
Can be nurtured in a leader rather than a fixed trait
According to the VMI Leader Journey, which of the following is NOT one of the Institute's key attributes and behaviors of leaders?
Capacity
When studying ethics and leadership, ethicaltheories fall into which two broad domains?
Character & conduct
The Bill George's approach to authentic leadership focuses on authentic leaders'______.
Characteristics
Which type of follower goes along with a destructive leader because they see an opportunity to personally profit?
Colluder
As captain of the soccer team, your primary concern is winning games and maintaining the strength of the team. Your players couldn't care less about teamwork and just want to win. Which component of leadership would you recommend the leader focus on?
Common goals
______ refers to the servant leader characteristic in which the leader is a visionary and solves problems in creative ways.
Conceptualization
According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid,______ refers to a leader's interest in achieving organizational tasks.
Concern for production
According to the Big 5 personality trait, people with high levels of _____ appear responsible and able to regulate impulses.
Conscientiousness
Which of the following is NOT a servant leader behavior?
Consistency
Which antecedent condition is concerned with how outside influences shape servant leadership?
Context and culture
Which leadership style on Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid has high concern for people and low concern for production?
Country-club management
According to Chaleff, followers need to have the ______ to support and challenge the leader.
Courage
Frank is a district manager of a fast food chain. He has worked his way up from cook to restaurant manager, and now district manager. Frank's ability to use his experiences in these lower level positions to eventually become district manager is an example of Frank's ______.
Crystallized cognitive ability
Based on the Situational Leadership Model, this follower developmental level consists of some competence but low commitment
D2
The SLII development level refers to the ______.
Degree to which followers have the capabilityand motivation to accomplish tasks
The toxic triangle describes the interrelationships between ______.
Destructive leaders, susceptible followers, & conducive environments
A leader who gives followers instructions about how and when goals should be achieved and supervises them carefully is using ______ behaviors.
Directing
The goal of the trait approach is to ______.
Distinguish leaders from non-leaders
In Zaleznik's typology of followers, follower behaviors can be charted along which two scales?
Dominant-submissive & active-passive
The interpersonal perspective on authentic leadership views leadership as______.
Emerging out of the interactions between leaders and followers
Which servant leader behavior refers to a leader's willingness to make themselves available to others and to provide support?
Emotional healing
Sameera just had an argument with her supervisor about spending more than was budgeted on her project. Sameera had strong emotions during the argument, and now she is thinking about how to improve her mood at work. This reflection suggests that Sameera has which leadership trait
Emotional intelligence
The passive form of management by exception is ______.
Enacted only after problems arise
The primary functions of leadership are ______.
Establishing direction, aligning people, inspiring others
Fatema is a teacher who felt unprepared to switch to online learning during the pandemic. She is trying to navigate the challenges of limited computer and internet access for herself and her students. Fatema's experience is an example of which type of environmental influence?
External
T/F: A strength of the transformational model is its conceptual clarity.
False
T/F: Transactional leadership raises the level of motivation and morality in followers.
False
Which outcome of servant leadership suggests that followers are often likely to become servant leaders themselves?
Follower performance and growth
The three outcomes of servant leadership are?
Follower performance and growth, societal impact, organizational performance
Which of the following is most accurate about followers?
Followers can play a harmful role in organizations.
Adjusting leadership styles is based on the assumption that ______.
Followers' skills and motivation vary over time
James is being considered for a management position. On his trait assessment, he scores low on integrity. In reviewing James's past performance, what finding would be consistent with this trait assessment?
He blames others for his shortcomings.
Transformational leadership is a form of leadership that ______.
Helps followers do more than is expected
Which is a strength of TRAIT approach?
Helps organizations easily identify & train leaders
In Chaleff's model of followership, an individualist exhibits ______.
High challenge and low support for the leader high dominance and high activity
According to servant leadership theory,because research shows that ethical behavior is positively related to job performance,organizations should hire leaders who have _____.
High integrity
Jake wants to use the trait approach to help screen applicants for a sales position. What should he do first?
Identify the characteristics associated with success in that position
FI - According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid, a leader who exerts minimal effort to get work done as appropriate to sustain office membership displays ________ management.
Impoverished
In LMX theory, leaders should strive to treat followers ______.
Independently
How would you describe leader-follower influence during the acquaintance phase?
Influences are mixed with followers and leaders mutually influential
FI - As some of the first research on behavioral approach, the Ohio State studies noted followers' responses to a questionnaire clustered around ________ and ________, also referred to as task and relationship behaviors.
Initiating structure and consideration
Which of the following is NOT one of three competencies in Mumford et al.'s skills model?
Intelligence
Life purpose and sense of commitment are examples of _____ motivators
Intrinsic
The "natural leader" trait definition of leadership is
Is restricted to those with inborn talent, qualities, or characteristics
Mumford et al.'s skills-based model differs from the "great man" approach in what way?
It assumes that anyone willing to learn can develop leadership skills.
One criticism of transformational leadership is that it suffers from "heroic leadership." Why is this a problem?
It fails to acknowledge reciprocal influence or shared leadership.
Which statement about early trait approach research is true?
It focuses on male leadership
Which of the following is a strength of the transformational approach?
It has intuitive appeal and makes sense to people.
Categorizing followers into different types is helpful because ______.
It helps explain people's actions when they are in followership roles
Which is a major criticism of the trait approach?
Its lack of a definitive list of leadership traits
According to the five-factor personality model, which person is most likely to excel at task performance?
Kaylee, who is high in conscientiousness
Which skills model competency consists of creating a schema for learning and organizing data?
Knowledge
Which of the following is a criticism of LMX?
LMX does not fully explain the creation of high-quality exchanges
Erdem has a genius-level IQ and was therefore selected to participate in a leadership development program at work. However, after he is promoted, it becomes apparent that his team is struggling because his ideas are too complicated. The most likely reason for this issue is that Erdem ______.
Lacks communication skills
A strength of servant leadership is that it provides a counter-intuitive approach to influence and power. What does this mean?
Leaders are thought to share control and influence rather than dominate and exert control.
Followership has been rarely studied as a central part of leadership because ______.
Leaders rather than followers are seen as the agents of organizational change
According to the VMI Leader Journey, _____refers to the ability of organizations to engage well in the leadership process.
Leadership development
The situational leadership model is divided into two parts: ______.
Leadership style & follower development level
Chief executive officers of any company have
Legitimate power
Servant leaders communicate by ______ first.
Listening
Criticisms of situational approach
Little corroboration Commitment conceptualization Matching of leader style and follower level Fails to consider demographics Survey only offers options based on leadership style
A weakness of the study of followership is ______.
Little empirical research conducted on the topic
According to Katz's three-skill approach, which level of management requires equal amounts of management skills?
Middle
Like the concept of leadership, followership is presumed to have a(n) ______ dimension as it relates to responsibility for the group.
Moral
Bart often changes his management style to accommodate his own needs. Most employees perceive Bart as a leader who watches out for himself.According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid, Bart is a(n)______ leader.
Opportunistic
Salisa often changes her management style to accommodate her own needs. Most employees perceive Salisa as a leader who watches out for herself. According to Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid, Salisa is a(n)______ leader.
Opportunistic
Why is self-confidence important in influencing others?
People won't follow someone who seems unsure of themselves.
You really enjoy working for your boss and look up to her or him as a role model. You are more than willing to work hard for the organization because of your relationship with your boss. This is an example of ______.
Personal power
In which level of Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development do individuals judge morality actions by their direct consequences?
Preconventional morality
Pseduo-transformational leadership describes leadership that...
Provides inspiration yet is often manipulative
One characteristic of traits is that they are ______.
Relatively unchanging
The two types of perspectives that are used when studying followership are ______.
Role-based and relational-based
According to the model of servant leadership, an expected outcome for followers is increased ______.
Self-actualization
A leader who is assured and dominant in her manner is expressing ______.
Self-confidence
Charismatic leaders often communicate high expectations for followers in hopes of increasing followers'______.
Self-efficacy
Imani is a gifted communicator and has a talent for verbally articulating what the future can hold for the team. According to Mumford's nine key problem-solving skills, which is Imani demonstrating?
Sensemaking/visioning
Servant leadership focuses on?
Service and influence
Research indicates that a leader's intellectual ability ______.
Should not differ too much from that of followers
According to trait approach, which of the following is a major leadership trait?
Sociability
Contingent reward is a process in which effort by followers is exchanged for ______.
Specific payoffs
Reversing the lens means ______.
Studying followership by considering how followers impact leaders and organizations
A leader who gives recognition and social support to followers is using ______behaviors
Supporting
According to Katz's three-skill approach, the most important leadership skills for lower-levels of management are:
Technical and human skills
Dimitri is in charge of hiring a new manager for the first shift on the production line. According to Katz's model, Dimitri should be looking for a person with ______.
Technical skills
According to the ten characteristics of servant leadership, stewardship is____.
The careful management of people and resources
Which statement reflects the nature of transformational leaders?
They nurture, inspire, and empower followers.
From a relational-based perspective, followership is ______.
Tied to interpersonal processes
The statement "They are a born leader" suggests a ______.
Trait definition of leadership
Your parents and older siblings are all successful elected officials. After graduation, it is suggested by many that you should seek office and, in turn, they offer you their support. Which best describes the leadership approach being demonstrated by your supporters?
Trait perspective
T/F: Research shows that the most effective leadership combines transformational leadership behaviors with elements of laissez-faire and transactional leadership.
True
The main distinction between Kellerman's typology of followers and those of Zaleznik, Chaleff, and Kelley is that Kellerman ______.
Views followers along a single continuum, while other scholars use two dimensions
One of the key differences between Zaleznik's and Kelley's approaches to followership is ______.
Zaleznik focused on personal aspects of followers, while Kelley emphasized followers' motivations