Life Science Chapter 4 Heat and Temperature

The Celsius core body temperature of an average, healthy human is nearest to A. 100 degrees B. 68 degrees C. 37 degrees D. 20 degrees

C. 37 degrees

The work that a heat engine is able to accomplish is ideally equivalent to the A. difference between the heat supplied and the heat rejected B. heat that was produced in the cycle C. heat that appears in the exhaust gases D. sum total of the heat input and the heat output

A. different between the heat supplied to the heat rejected

The energy supplied to a system in the form of heat, minus the work done by the system, is equal to the change in internal energy. This statement describes the A. first law of thermodynamics B. second law of thermodynamics C. third law of thermodynamics

A. first law of thermodynamics

The water in a swimming pool is cooler than the surrounding sidewalk because A. it has a higher specific heat B. it has weaker attractive forces C. it loses heat more rapidly D. it has a lower density

A. it has higher specific heat

Conduction best takes place in a A. solid B. fluid C. gas D. vacuum

A. solid

The process by which solids vaporize without first becoming a liquid is called A. sublimation B. condensation C. evaporation D. boiling

A. sublimation

A gas that is usually found in the liquid phase is called a A. vapor B. plasma C. fluid D. wet gas

A. vapor

The attractive forces between unlike molecules is called A. cohesion B. adhesion C. diffusion D. friction

B. adhesion

No water vapor is added to or removed from a sample of air that is warming, so the relative humidity of this sample of air will A. remain the same B. be lower C. be higher D. be higher or lower, depending on the initial temperature

B. be lower

The energy required to warm one gram of water by one Celsius degree is called a A. joule B. calorie C. BTU D. kilocalorie

B. calorie

The transfer of heat that occurs when energy moves from molecules to molecule is called A. convection B. conduction C. radiation D. phase change

B. convection

Convection best takes place in a A. solid B. fluid C. alloy D. vacuum

B. fluid

Evaporation occurs more rapidly at a higher temperature because A. there is less resistance to evaporation B. higher temperature means higher kinetic energy C. air is less dense at higher temperatures D. there is less condensation

B. higher temperature means higher kinetic energy

The heat involved in the change of phase from solid ice to liquid water is called A. latent heat of vaporization B. latent heat of fusion C. latent heat of condensation D. none of the above

B. latent heat of fusion

If you want to move heat from a region of cooler temperature to a region of warmer temperature, you must supply energy. This described by the A. first law of thermodynamics B. second law of thermodynamics

B. second law of thermodynamics

The evaporation of water cools the surroundings and the condensation of this vapor A. does nothing B. warms the surroundings C. increased the value of the latent heat of vaporization D. decreases the value of the latent heat of vaporization

B. warms the surroundings

The specific heat of copper is roughly three times as great as the specific heat of gold. Which of the following is true? A. if the same amount of heat is applied to equal masses of gold and copper, the copper will get hotter B. copper heats up three times as fast as gold C. a piece of copper stores three times as much heat as the same mass of gold at the same temperature D. the melting temperature of copper is roughly three times that of gold

C. a piece of copper stores three times as much heat as the same mass of gold at the same temperature

More molecules are returning to the liquid state than are leaving the liquid state. This process is called A. boiling B. freezing C. condensation D. melting

C. condensation

Which of the following can only be measured during the process of being gained or lost? A. mass B. temperature C. heat D. volume

C. heat

When water vapor condenses to a liquid A. it absorbs energy from the surroundings B. its temperature drops sharply C. it releases heat to the surroundings D. its temperature rises slightly

C. it releases heat to the surroundings

Which temperature scale does not have arbitrarily assigned reference points? A. fahrenheit B. celsius C. kelvin D. none of the above

C. kelvin

When you add heat to a substance, its temperature A. always increases B. sometimes decreases C. might stay the same D. might go up or down, depending on the temperature

C. might stay the same

What form of heat transfer will warm your body without warming the air in a room? A. conduction B. convection C. radiation D. none of the above

C. radiation

A 10 degree temperature change on the Fahrenheit scale would be equivalent to what size change on the Celsius scale? A. 18 degrees B. 10 degrees C. 5.6 degrees D. 1.8 degrees

D. 1.8 degrees

The Fahrenheit temperature scale A. was originally a centigrade scale B. has 180 divisions between two reference points C. has an arbitrarily assigned number line D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Molecules in a solid A. are harder than molecules in liquids of gases B. transfer heat to their neighbors by a process called convection C. have no internal energy because they are not moving around D. are held in nearly fixed positions by strong attractive forces

D. are held in nearly fixed positions by strong attractive forces

Water molecules move back and forth between and gaseous phases A. only when the air is not saturated B. only at 100 C C. only when the relative humidity is 100% D. at all times

D. at all times

A heat engine is designed to A. move heat from a cool source to a warmer location B. move heat from a warm source to a cooler location C. convert mechanical energy into heat D. convert heat into mechanical energy

D. convert heat into mechanical energy

In the equation: Q=mcΔt, the c stands for the A. heat of vaporization B. number of calories gained or lost C. convection coefficient D. specific heat

D. specific heat

Radiation is the only method of heat transfer that can take place in a A. solid B. liquid C. gas D. vacuum

D. vacuum

A liquid at 20 C is twice as hot as the liquid at 10 C.

False

Temperature is a measure of the amount of heat stored in a substance.

False

The sum of all the energy of the molecules of an object is called the temperature of that object.

False

iron heats up more rapidly than does aluminum because it has a greater specific heat.

False

Liquid water at 0 C has to give up energy in order to become ice at 0 C.

True

Solids have a greater strength of attraction between its molecules than liquids.

True

The degrees on the Celsius scale are larger than degrees on the Fahrenheit scale.

True

The nutritionist's Calorie is really a kilocalorie.

True

Water beads up on wax paper because its cohesive forces are greater than the adhesive forces.

True

the molecules of a gas are much further apart than molecules in a solid or liquid.

True