lifespan development- connect 2
which of the following are considered teratogens
-drugs -maternal stress -infectious disease -advanced paternal age -nutritional deficiencies
which of the following are psychoactive drugs
-nicotine -marijuana -caffeine -alcohol
regarding paternal risk factors, which of the following statements are true?
-there is an increased risk of spontaneous abortion in offspring of older fathers -if a father smokes during the mother's pregnancy, there is an increased risk of miscarriage
the specialization of cells in the zygote begins after approximately which week following conception
1
organogenesis take place primarily during the first ___ months of prenatal development
2
one recent study that the rate of stillbirth was elevated for adolescent girls and for women ___ years of age and older
35
what type of gene is marked by cellular damage from an environmental agent such as radiation?
a mutated gene
what is the definition of genotype
all of the genetic material of a person
In an adoption study, investigators seek to determine whether adopted children's characteristics are:
biological or environmental
approximately one week after conception, when differentiation of the cells begins, the zygote is now a group of cells that is more specifically called the
blastocyst
___, which is sometime referred to as fertilization, occurs when a single sperm cell from the male unites with the egg from the female in a process called fertilization
conception
Gilbert Gottlieb came up with the _________ view of development
epigenetic
What unit of hereditary information is composed of short segments of DNA?
genes
___ are units of hereditary information that helps cells to reproduce themselves and manufacture the proteins that maintain life
genes
the period of prenatal development that takes place in the first two weeks after conception is known as the
germinal period
Dr.Turner studied shyness. He find Blake and Luke, identical twins, are more alike in terms of level of inhibition than are Sam and Carl, who are fraternal twins. His research indicated that __ plays an important role in shyness
heredity
interpretation the results of the adoption study and twin studies is difficult due to the complexities of:
heredity-environment interactions
AIDS is a disease that damages the body's ___ system
immune
___ is a specialized form of cell division that occurs to forms eggs and sperm
meiosis
nerve cells, which handle processing at the cellular level, are known as ___
neurons
___ describes the vast increase in genetic data generated at a much reduced cost in a much shorter time period
next generation sequencing
the female egg is known as the
ovum
sickle-cell anemia, in which red blood cells cannot carry ___ properly and die quickly, occurs most often in African Americans
oxygen
the umbilical cord connects the baby to the ___, a disk-shaped group of tissues in which small blood vessels from the mother and the offspring intertwine but do not join
placenta
the umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein, and it connects the baby to the
placenta
The Lamaze method, a method similar to a natural childbirth, is also known as ___________ childbirth.
prepared childbirth
in a gene pair, the __ gene does NOT always exert its influence
recessive
Mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy can cause their offspring to exhibit fetal alcohol ______ disorders, or FASD, a cluster of abnormalities
spectrum
___ bifida is the incomplete development of the spinal cord
spina
the outer layer of cells that will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo is called the
trophoblast
T or F: the exposure of fathers to certain environmental agents can affect their offspring
true