Lower limbs

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what is the appropriate collimated field size for the AP projection of the foot

1' on all sides including 1'beyond the calcaneus and distal tips of the toes

process on proximal tibia

condyles

two prominent processes on the proximal end of the tibia

condyles

which femoral structures articulate with the tibia

condyles

abnormal twisting of the foot, usually inward and downward

congenital

known as the anterior border of the tibia

crest

which term refers to the sharp ridge on the anterior border of the tibia

crest

lateral tarsal bone

cuboid

which tarsal bone is lateral from the cuneiforms

cuboid

which tarsal bone is located between the calcaneus & the 4th & 5th metatarsals

cuboid

which tarsal bone is located on the lateral side of the foot between the calcaneus and the 4th and 5th metatarsals

cuboid

what is included in the midfoot

cuneiform, cuboid, navicular

which bones articulate distally with the tarsal navicular

cuneiforms

name the tarsal bones that articulate with metatarsals

cuneiforms & cuboid

which bones articulate distally with metatarsals

cuneiforms and cuboid

which positioning factor determines the number of degrees the CR should be angled for the tangential projection (Settegast method) to demonstrate the patella

degree of knew flexion

what should be done to prevent the knee joint space from being obscured by the magnified shadow of the medial femoral condyle when the lateral projection of the knee is formed

direct the CR 5-7 degrees cephalad

where is the intercondylar fossa located

distal femur

where is the lateral malleolus located in the leg

distal fibula

where is the medial malleolus located in the leg

distal tibia

what other projection term refers to the AP projection of the foot

dorsoplantar

regardless of the condition of the patient, which positioning maneuver should be performed to position the foot for the lateral projection

ensure that the plantar surface is perpendicular to the IR

which structure of the knee is best demonstrated with the PA axial projection (Holmblad method)

femoral intercondylar fossa

list the articulations of the tibia

femortibial, proximal tibiofibular, distal tibiofibular, & tibiotalar

largest bone of lower limb

femur

name the largest bone of the lower lib

femur

lateral bone of the leg

fibula

name the lateral bone of the leg

fibula

name the smaller of the bones of the leg

fibula

for the lateral projection of the patella, which positioning maneuver reduces the femoropatellar joint space

flexing the knee more than 10 degrees

what type of movement do the interphalangeal joints permit

flexion & extension

which type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint

gliding

hereditary form of arthritis where uric acid is deposited in joints

gout

superior, lateral process of femur

greater tronchanter

what is the most distal part of a metatarsal

head

what type of joint is an interphalangeal joint

hinge

which type of joint is the ankle joint

hinge

sharp projection between the two superior articular surfaces

intercondylar eminence

what other term refers to the tibial spine

intercondylar eminence

between femoral condyles on posterior aspect

intercondylar fossa

which articulation of the foot is a gliding-type joint

intertarsal

location of fibula in lower leg

lateral

which tibial condyle has a facet for articulation with the head of the fibula

lateral

where on the femur is the greater trochanter located

lateral and superior

which bone articulates medially with the cuboid

lateral cuneiform

enlarged distal end of the fibula

lateral malleolus

which projection of the foot should demonstrate the metatarsals nearly superimposed on each other

lateral projection

which projection of the knee should be used to demonstrate the patella in profile

lateral projection

for which lower limb projection should the pelvis be rotated 10-15 degrees from true lateral

lateral projection of the proximal femur

with which structure does the head of the fibula articulate

lateral tibial condyle

process on distal end of tibia and fibula

malleolus

which cuneiform is the largest cuneiform

medial

where on the femur is the lesser trochanter located

medial and posterior

large process at the distal end of the tibia

medial malleolus

name the large bony process that extends both medially and inferiorly from the distal end of the tibia

medial malleolus

cushion between tibia and femur

menisci

bones of the forefoot

metatarsals

what is included in the forefoot

metatarsals & phalanges

which articulation is an elliposid-type joint

metatarsophalangeals

alternate name of the ankle joint

mortise

tarsal located between talus and cuneiforms

navicular

which tarsal bone is located between the talus and the cuneiforms

navicular

which tarsal bone is located on the medial side of the foot between the talus and the 3rd cuneiforms

navicular

which bones comprise the midfoot

navicular, cuboid, and cuneiforms

Incomplete separation or avulsion of the tibial tuberosity

osgood-schlatter disease

benign bone tumor projection with a cartilaginous cap (exostosis)

osteochondroma

lucent lesion in the metaphysis, usually the distal femur

osteoclastoma

a benign lesion of cortical bone

osteoid osteoma

softening of the bones (rickets) due to a vitamin D deficiency

osteomalacia

where should the patella be demonstrated on the radiograph of the AP oblique projection of the knee with lateral rotation

over the lateral femoral condyle

where should the patella be demonstrated on the radiograph of the AP oblique projection of the knee with medial rotation

over the medial condyle of the femur

thick, soft bone marked by bowing clubfoot and fractures

paget disease

sesamoid that protects knee joint

patella

which structure of the knee is best demonstrated with the tangential projection

patella

for the AP projection of the femur on typical adults, what should be done to ensure that both joints of the femur are demonstrated

perform a second exposure with another IR

how and toward what centering point should the CR be directed for the AP oblique projection to demonstrate all five toes

perpendicular to the third MTP

how should the CR be directed for the AP projection of the femur

perpendicularly

how should the CR be directed for the bilateral weight-bearing AP projection of the knees

perpendicularly

toe bones

phalanges

articular surfaces on superior tibia

plateaus

which area of the knee should the CR enter for the PA axial projection (Holmblad method)

posterior

avulsion fracture of the medial malleolus with the loss of the ankle mortise

pott fracture

where is the fovea capitis located

proximal femur

with what do the heads of metatarsals articulate

proximal phalanges

where in the foot is the tuberosity that is easily palpable

proximal portion of the fifth metatarsal

where are the tibial plateaus located

proximal tibia

where is the intercondylar eminence located

proximal tibia

which joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the fibula with the lateral condyle of the tibia

proximal tibiofibular

which positioning maneuver should be performed to place the femoral neck in profile for the AP projection of the proximal femur

rotate the lower limb medially 10-15 degrees

which bone classification are tarsals

short

which part of the patella is the base

superior border

which articulation should be seen in profile with the AP oblique projection (medial rotation) of the ankle

talofibular

which bone articulates with the superior surface of the calcaneus

talus

which tarsal bone articulates superiorly on the calcaneus

talus

which tarsal bone forms part if the ankle joint

talus

which tarsal bone is the most superior tarsal bone

talus

with what bone does the undersurface of the tibia articulate

talus

what is included in the hindfoot

talus & calcaneous

which two tarsal bones articulate with each other by the way of three facets

talus and calcaneus

how should the CR be directed to best demonstrate the tarsometatarsal joint spaces of the midfoot for the AP projection of the foot

10 degrees posteriorly (toward the heel)

ow many phalanges are found on the foot

how many degrees and in what direction should the CR be directed for the AP axial projection of the toes

15 degrees cephalad

how many degrees and in which direction should the foot and leg be rotated to best demonstrate the mortise joint for the AP oblique projection of the ankle

15-20 degrees medially

for the lateral projection of the knee, how many degrees should the knee be flexed

20-30 degrees

how many bones are found in one lower limb

how many degrees and in what direction should the foot be rotated for the AP oblique projection of the foot

30 degrees medially

how many degrees and in what direction should the foot be rotated for the AP oblique projection to best demonstrate the great toe

30-45 degrees medially

how many degrees and in what direction should the foot be rotated for the AP oblique projection to demonstrate the second toe

30-45 degrees medially

how many degrees and in what direction should the CR be directed for the axial (plantodorsal) projection of the calcaneus

40 degrees cephalad

how many metatarsals are found in the foot

how many degrees and in what direction should the CR be directed for the lateral projection of the knee

5-7 degrees cephalad

which metatarsal has a tuberosity that i prominent at its base

5th metatarsal

how many tarsals are found in the ankle

how many degrees of angulation should be formed between the femur and the radiographic table for the PA axial projection (Holmblad method) of the knee

70 degrees

how long should the collimated field be for the AP and AP oblique projection of the ankle

8inches (20cm)

how many interphalangeal articulations does one foot have

where should the CR be directed for the AP oblique projection of the foot

the base of the 3rd metatarsal

which of the following evaluation criteria indicates that the knee is properly positioned for a lateral projection

the femoral condyles are superimposed

which of the following projections of the knee best demonstrates the femoral intercondylar fossa

PA axial projection (Camp-Conventry method)

which of the following projections of the knee best demonstrates the intercondylar fossa

PA axial projection (Holmblad method)

which of the following evaluation criteria indicates that the knee is properly position for the AP projection

the femorotibial joint space is open

which structure s located on the head of the fibula

apex

which term refers to the inferior tip of the patella

apex

where, exactly is the intercondylar fossa located

at the distal end of the posterior femur between the condyles

where should the CR enter for the later projection of the ankle

at the medial malleolus

which two projections comprise the typical series that best demonstrates the calcaneus

axial (plantodorsal) & lateral projection

at which level on the plantar surface should the central ray enter the foot for the axial (plantodorsal) projection of the calcaneus

base of the 3rd metatarsal

where in the foot are the cuneiforms located

between the navicular and the metatarsals

fluid-filled cyst with a wall of fibrous tissue

bone cyst

largest tarsal bone

calcaneus

which is the largest of the tarsal bones

calcaneus

which tarsal bone comprises the heel of the foot

calcaneus

how many degrees and in what direction should the CR be directed for the AP xial projection of the foot

10 degrees cephalad

which projection of the foot best demonstrates the cuboid and its articulations

AP oblique (medially rotation)

which projection of the ankle best demonstrates the talofibular joint space free from the bony superimposition