MCOM 1300 Unit 3
What is a major criticism of ratings? Do rating determine the life and death of TV shows?
Artificially created, audience is underrepresented, broadcasters can take low rated program and hype them up Rating do determine life and death
In broadcasting where do you often give your source?
At the beginning
Who has been the producer in the past of most network shows?
Private production companies
Can the FCC censor?
No
What promoted the growth of nationwide tv?
microwave relay system (antenna)
Growth of cable is tied to what?
satellite
Fred Silverman was successful in moving NBC to the No. 1 position in the ratings.
False, ABC
What are the three differences between broadcasting and print media?
1. government regulation for broadcasting 2. tv can be used for entertainment, same can't be said for newspaper 3. newspaper have very little to no competition
What two problems has TV entertainment always suffered from?
1. producers/directors underestimated intelligence of program audience 2. overexposure (copy)
What are the three differences between TV news and print news?
1. tv is actuality reporting 2. write less formally on tv than print 3. tv gives first news with seldom details
What is the impact of public broadcasting?
1/7th of audience watches
How much profit does a typical TV station make?
25% before taxes
How much was a 30-second commercial on the Super Bowl?
5 million
Compare radio listening to tv viewing today
93%ish listen to radio every day, 66% watch tv
Who rates National TV programs? How is this done?
A.C. Nielson, they put 4,000 people meters in random homes to determine the viewing habits of 130 million homes. Creates program rating. Audience share is the number people watching
What finally happened to the FCC's policies on community ascertainment, commercials, and news-programming?
All deregulated in the 1980s, let the market place determine what will work
What CBS program ushered in a new era in prime-time TV entertainment?
All in the Family
What happened to radio when tv became a nationwide medium?
All it's programs went to tv, but it adopted new format (top 40 music), news weather sports, disc jockey
Why was live TV programming restricted in the 1940s?
Because you had to dig a trench and lay a cable
Is there a cause-effect relationship between watching violence and committing violent acts? Are there exceptions?
Can't agree, but children who are imbalanced to start with will be more affected
Fred SIlverman
Chief programmer of ABC , enabled ABC to climb to top spot in the late 70s
How was PBS created?
Congress in 1967 created corporation of public broadcasting
Describe the first network newscasts
Crude, radio news on television, no visuals or films
Why was the Federal Radio Commission formed? Under what philosophical argument?
Eliminate chaos, issue licenses, assign frequencies, allocate power of reach philosophical argument- broadcasting is in the public domain,public owns airways but gov regulates for public convenience
What is the prime-time rule?
FCC can only carry three hours of network programming from 6-10
Approximately the same federal regulations apply to radio as to TV and newspapers.
False
Broadcast stations exist primarily to present news.
False
Research has shown that Facebook users, after one week away from the site, experienced Facebook depression.
False
The Supreme Court upheld the Child Pornography Prevents Act.
False
The first network newscasts used videotape of news events.
False
Difference between AM and FM
Fm has stereophonic sounds and static free reception In the 1960s many people switched to FM, more dominant over AM
What is the largest pay tv system?
HBO
What did networks do when the wire services cut off news?
Hired their own people
How often do stations get their license renewed?
Initially every three years now every seven
What happened to radio in the post-World War II days?
It prospered, reached an all time high between 1946-1950
What was the first fully licensed radio station?
KDKA Pittsburgh 1920
Who was the undisputed leader of TV shows in the early 1950s?
Luceille Ball (I Love Lucy)
Describe radio news. Why do some stations not do news?
Most stations that do news spend the time and money to do it right. Many don't do it because they don't have the money, aren't required to, and don't want to
What was the first major radio network? year formed?
NBC 1927, CBS came after the same year
Does the FCC control cable content?
No
Was private broadcast permitted prior to 1920?
No it was banned
Are all individuals who deliver news on the air considered journalists?
No, some present because they look good and sound good
What are the odds for success of new programs on TV?
Not very good, against them being successful
FCC policy on commercials
Only 18-20 min of ad in a 60 minute time frame
Why is local news important to local TV stations?
People who present the news, weather, and sports determine the station's personality to its audience
Describe radio of the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. What did its format resemble?
Popular due to the depression, format resembled what was on television
Edward R Murrow
Premier broadcaster of this period. Covered WW2 for CBS, "Hear it now" "See it Now" Exposed Joseph McCarthy
What was the press radio bureau?
Press associations would sell the networks news if the networks would stop collecting their own, it failed
FCC policy on non-news programming
Stations must devoted a certain percentage of their broadcast time to cultural, public, non-news programs.
How is public broadcasting funded?
Tax dollars, grants, and contributions
What is one of the major problems in local TV news?
The interjection of showbusiness techniques
What is the relationship between radio stations and recording studios?
They are interdependent They both need each other to succeed
Why did newspapers start many of the early radio stations?
To promote the sale of newspapers
FCC policy on community ascertainment
To show how your programming fit the needs of the community
Describe the power of tv
Tv has power to take an obscure person and turn them to a star Has ability to dictate when events take place
How much attention did early radio stations pay to news?
Very little "stepchild"
How can we solve the problem of reporting terrorist acts?
We can't, we have to rely on judgement and professionalism of those who cover it
When did TV news turn the corner?
When JFK was assassinated in 1963
Have TV network attempted to tone down violence in entertainment programs? News programs?
Yes they have, however news have not
Describe the impact JFK had on tv
Young, intelligent, handsome, bright, became darling of tv First tv president Got favorable treatment, helped him win election
What caused the growth of network radio?
advertising more money the better the content
What is an affiliation agreement in TV?
agreement between program and network to air a tv show, nothing to do with ownership
What happened to radio during the depression?
it prospered
What type of audiences listens to radio?
specialized audience
What is the No. demographic buy in TV today? What was it in the 1950s?
today- women 19-49 1950s- men and women 19-30
What techniques did 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s radio use?
used scene setter/narrator, use of sound effects, play on imagination
What about suits against the networks like the one brought by the parent of the Florida youth who murdered his 83-year-old neighbor?
violation of first amendment