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In his "fireside chat" that introduced his plan to help Great Britain combat the Nazis, President Roosevelt claimed that America must be a great

arsenal of democracy

How did the American leadership view military action in North Africa?

as a secondary effort that drew resources away from a planned European invasion

Once World War II began, why was North Africa important?

because of the Suez Canal

The "Lend-Lease" program would allow the British to _______________ weapons and other military supplies from the United States.

borrow

The policy that America adopted between 1937 and 1940 was one of _____________________.

isolationism

The German term lebensraum means "_______________ _____________

living space

What was the Japanese goal for capturing Port Moresby in New Guinea?

to isolate Australia

To inspire the Russian people, Soviet leaders called for every comrade to defend

"Holy Mother Russia"

The Japanese convoys that brought reinforcements to the island of Guadalcanal were called

"the Tokyo Express"

Where in North Africa did the Americans suffer the only total rout in all of World War II?

Kasserine Pass

Operation ____________ began with Allied forces landing in Morocco and Algeria in November 1942.

Torch

Doolittle's Raid was launched from the aircraft carrier

USS Hornet

Failure of the Dieppe Raid convinced Roosevelt that the first attempt at Allied invasion of German territory should take place in

Vichy North Africa

Which of the following was NOT one of the conditions faced by American Marines on Guadalcanal?

firebombing

Under the command of Claire Chennault, the _________________________ were a group of American pilots operating in China during World War II.

flying tigers

On December 7, 1941, how did most people learn of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?

from radio

After Hitler's invasion of Poland, President Roosevelt was able to [choose all that apply]

get Congress to repeal the Neutrality Acts -approve a policy of "cash and carry" for military purchases

Why was Stalin so surprised by the German invasion of the Soviet Union?

he had trusted Hitler to respect the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact

What two decisions did Stalin make that were crucial to Soviet survival? [choose 2]

he transferred industry to the east - he reorganized the Russian military command system

One way in which anti-Semitism manifested itself in America in the 1930s was through

immigration policy

The Battle of Midway was largely fought [choose all that apply]

in the air on the sea

In FDR's December 8 speech to a joint session of Congress, he uttered one of the most famous lines in American history. " Yesterday, December 7, 1941, a date which will live in ______________..."

infamy

What was the benefit of the African campaign for the later fighting in Europe? [choose all that apply]

it drained German resources - it increased American morale -it provided an avenue to the oil reserves of the Middle East -it gave the American forces needed experience

What was important about the First Battle of El Alamein? [choose all that apply]

it prevented Rommel from attacking Egypt's major cities -the British victory ended a string of German wins under Rommel

What was significant about the Battle of Midway? [choose all that apply]

it severely damaged Japan's carrier fleet it was a morale boost for the Americans it ended the string of offensive victories for the Japanese

Which of the following were reasons why Americans did not become involved in the conflicts in Europe and Asia in the late 1930s? [choose all that apply]

some Americans admired Hitler and his policies that had brought Germany out of its economic downturn -the people of the United States were having a difficult time dealing with the Great Depression -some Americans felt they had been tricked into taking part in the Great War and did not want it to happen again

As a diversion for the attack on Midway, the Japanese sent a force to

the Aleutian Islands

What was the crucial problem that hampered American efforts to capture Guadalcanal?

the Americans did not control the sea around the island

This action between the Germans and Soviets was one of the greatest and bloodiest land battles of the entire war?

the Battle of Kursk

At what conference did President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill decide that when to go ahead with the Allied invasion of mainland Europe?

the Casablanca Conference

In August 1942, the Allies tested an amphibious assault on mainland Europe in

the Dieppe Raid

The German group that became an extension of Nazi Party in America was called the

the German American Bund

What was the driving force behind the Battle of the Atlantic?

the German U-boat

What was the result of the Battle of Bloody Ridge?

the Japanese suffered over 50% casualties

What were the Japanese goals for the attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941? [choose all that apply]

the Japanese wanted to bring American into open war - the Japanese wanted to reduce America's ability to project naval power

Which of the following is NOT a reason why Hitler believed Germany could easily conquer the Soviet Union?

the Russians didn't have any men left after Stalin's purges

What event led the United States to freeze all Japanese assets and reduce the export of oil and gasoline to the island nation in 1941?

the annexation of French Indochina

What was the reaction of the American people to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?

they almost unanimously supported war in the Pacific

Why were the Dutch East Indies so important to the Japanese in 1942?

they contained some of the most important oil fields in the world

Why were the Americans ready for the Japanese attack on Midway Island?

they had been able to break Japanese secret code

What was the purpose of the Doolittle Raid?

to restore American military morale and lift the spirits of the American people

Allied air attacks forced German U-boats to operate in groups called

wolfpacks

What were Hitler's reasons for declaring war on the United States on December 11, 1941? [choose all that apply]

-President Roosevelt had ordered American ships to fire on any German ship they found in the Atlantic -He overestimated the strength and ability of the Japanese -Hitler held a personal hatred for President Roosevelt because of American opposition to Nazism -He underestimated the strength and ability of the Americans

Which of the following were reasons why the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor was so successful? [choose all that apply]

-there were no torpedo nets in place to protect the ships in the harbor -the radar officers dismissed the alert brought by the enlisted men - naval officers failed to raise an alarm when a Japanese mini sub was found -there were not enough planes to patrol daily so there was none scheduled for that day

Which German surface raider began the war in a good position, but was scuttled by her own crew off the coast of Uruguay?

Admiral Graf Spee

Who became Commander-in-Chief of the German Army in 1942?

Adolf Hitler

Why were the Americans able to turn back the Japanese advance at the Battle of Coral Sea?

Americans were able to decode and read coded Japanese messages

The American defense plan for the Philippines involved a retreat to the ____________ Peninsula, where 75,000 American and Filipino soldiers were captured by the Japanese.

Bataan

After sinking the HMS Hood, this German battleship was sunk on her maiden voyage in May 1941:

Bismark

The loss of this British colony on the Malay Peninsula to advancing Japanese forces in 1942 closed the only land route open to resupply Nationalist Chinese forces:

Burma

United States aid to Nationalist China originally went over the "___________ _______," until it was eventually cut off and supplies had to be ferried in by air from India.

Burma Road

The North African campaign was also known as the "______________ _______."

Desert War

In 1940, the Italians planned an invasion of this British holding in order to gain control of the Suez Canal?

Egypt

Which of the following was NOT one of the Allied holdings in the Pacific attacked as part of the operation that included Pearl Harbor?

French Indochina

Who was the British general who forced the Germans to retreat to Libya, marking a turning point in the war?

General Bernard Montgomery

Who was the American commander of the Philippines when the Japanese launched their attack in 1942?

General Douglas MacArthur

After the American defeat at Kasserine Pass, who was given command of American troops in North Africa?

General George Patton

This island in the Solomon chain was the focus of a six month military campaign on land and sea beginning in August 1942:

Guadalcanal

The Marine base on Guadalcanal that provided a launching point for the capture of the rest of the island was

Henderson Field

In addition to Pearl Harbor, the December 7, 1941 attack targeted what other military installation in Hawaii?

Hickam feild

Which two American battleships were NOT salvageable after the Pearl Harbor attacks? [choose 2]

Arizona Oklahoma

This island in Manila Bay provided a base of operations for General MacArthur and was the last point of surrender by American forces:

Corregidor

In 1942, the British captured information on this German naval code that allowed them to intercept and decipher messages about U-boat operations:

Enigma

When Great Britain began to run out of ready money to purchase military supplies by the end of 1940, Roosevelt devised the "_____________-_____________" program to help supply them with arms to fight the Nazis.

Lend Lease

The siege of what Russian city saw the development of a new weapon and defense of the city by a "People's Army"?

Leningrad

The German offensive called "Case Blue" was an effort to capture

Leningrad Kursk the Caucasus Moscow

Under General Auchinleck, British troops launched this offensive, which drove Rommel back and relieved the garrison at Tobruk:

Operation "Crusader"

With the surrender of this city, all German hope of conquering the Soviet Union disappeared?

Stalingrad

As the Italians lost control of North Africa, who did Hitler send to command the Afrika Korps?

General Erwin Rommel

This British city-state was the main headquarters for the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDA)

Singapore