Med Surg; Chapter 52 - Sexually Transmitted Infections (3)

4. When teaching self-care prevention of genital tract infections, the nurse should instruct the woman to: Increase dietary sugar and avoid yogurt. Limit time spent in damp exercise clothes and limit exposure to bath salts or bubble bath. Choose underwear or hosiery with a nylon crotch. Douche frequently.

Limit time in damp exercise clothes and limit exposure to bath salts or bubble bath.

5. With regard to the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections, which statement is not accurate? Chlamydial infections and gonorrhea are more likely to occur in women younger than age 20. Gonorrhea can be transmitted to the newborn by direct contact with gonococcal organisms in the cervix. Syphilis can be transmitted through kissing, biting, or oral-genital sex. Medications for pelvic inflammatory disease can be discontinued once symptoms disappear.

Meds for PID can be discontinued once symptoms disappear. For any infection, the entire prescription must always be taken.

2. Semen analysis is a common diagnostic procedure related to infertility. In instructing a male client regarding this test, the nurse would tell him to: Ejaculate into a sterile container. Obtain the specimen after a period of abstinence from ejaculation of 2 to 5 days. Transport specimen with container packed in ice. Ensure that the specimen arrives at the laboratory within 30 minutes of ejaculation.

Obtain the specimen after a period of abstinence from ejaculation of 2 to 5 days.

10. In providing health promotion education to reduce the likelihood of transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, the nurse would describe which of the following practices as having a low but potential risk for disease transmission? (Select all that apply.) Erotic conversation Oral-anal contact Oral sex with female or male wearing condom Vaginal intercourse with condom Blood contact during sexual act due to menses

Oral sex with female or male wearing condom Vaginal intercourse with condom

8. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is part of the normal vaginal flora in 20% to 30% of healthy pregnant women. GBS has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes and is an important factor in neonatal morbidity and mortality. Which of the following would not be considered to be a risk factor for neonatal GBS infection? Positive prenatal culture result Preterm birth at less than 37 weeks of gestation Maternal fever of 38° C or greater Premature rupture of membranes for longer than 24 hours

Rupture of membranes for longer than 24 hours. Premature rupture of membranes for 18 hours or more increases the risk for neonatal GBS infection

3. The recommended treatment to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to the fetus during pregnancy is: Acyclovir Ofloxacin Podophyllin Zidovudine

Zidovudine. Perinatal transmission of HIV has decreased significantly in the past decade as a result of prophylactic administration of the antiretroviral drug zidovudine to pregnant women in the prenatal and perinatal periods.

9. A nursing student is reviewing information relative to cultural beliefs about infertility. Which statement, if made by a patient, would require intervention? A patient states that she wants to consult her Rabbi before going any further with an infertility workup. "I will not be able to use IVF therapies as it is against my religion; I am a Roman Catholic." "I have to take full responsibility for my failure to conceive." "I may consider having infertility treatments but I have to talk this over with my husband first."

"I have to take full responsibility for my failure to conceive."

1. A woman inquires about herbal alternative methods for improving fertility. Which statement by the nurse is the most appropriate for instructing the woman about which herbal preparations to avoid while trying to conceive? "You should avoid nettle leaf, dong quai, and vitamin E while you are trying to get pregnant." "You may want to avoid licorice root, lavender, fennel, sage, and thyme while you are trying to conceive." "You should not take anything with vitamin E, calcium, or magnesium. They will make you infertile." "Herbs have no bearing on fertility."

"You may want to avoid licorice root, lavender, fennel, sage, and thyme while you are trying to conceive."

Which of the following could affect female fertility? (Select all that apply.) Partner relationship status Financial history A clinical diagnosis of anemia Bicornate uterus Uterine abnormality Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD)

A clinical diagnosis of anemia Bicornate uterus Uterine abnormality

1. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended medication for the treatment of chlamydia is: Doxycycline Podofilox Acyclovir Penicillin

Doxycycline. It is effective for treating chlamydia; however, it should be avoided if a woman is pregnant

7. The rate of fertility declines dramatically after age 35. While explaining the cause of this rapid decline in fertility to the client, the nurse is aware that the primary reason for this is related to: Endometriosis Abnormalities of oocytes Infection Metabolic disease

Abnormalities of oocytes

9. A patient who is breastfeeding has been diagnosed with Gonorrhea. Which treatment plan should be instituted? Amoxicillin 500 mg three times a day for 1 week Benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units one injection Amoxicillin 500 mg three times a day for 7 days and ceftriaxone 250 mg IM injection Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM injection

Amoxicillin 500 mg three times a day for 7 days and ceftriaxone 250 mg IM injection. Amoxicillin or ceftriaxone can be part of the treatment plan for gonorrhea but the patient should be treated empirically for chlamydia as well. Dual therapy with amoxicillin and ceftriaxone can be used for treatment of gonorrhea and empirical treatment of chlamydia.

2. The viral sexually transmitted infection (STI) that affects most people in the United States today is: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) Human papillomavirus (HPV) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

HPV infection is the most prevalent viral STI seen in ambulatory health care settings.

4. Although remarkable developments have occurred in reproductive medicine, assisted reproductive therapies are associated with a number of legal and ethical issues. Nurses can provide accurate information about the risks and benefits of treatment alternatives so couples can make informed decisions about their choice of treatment. Which issue would not need to be addressed by an infertile couple before treatment? Risk of multiple gestation Whether or how to disclose the facts of conception to offspring Freezing embryos for later use Financial ability to cover the cost of treatment

Financial ability to cover the cost of treatment

7. Which statement about genital herpes is inaccurate? Genital herpes is also known as genital warts. Stress, menstruation, trauma, and illnesses have been known to trigger recurrences. Genital herpes is chronic and recurring and has no known cure. Plain soap and water are all that is needed to clean hands that have come into contact with herpetic lesions.

Genital herpes is also known as genital warts. Genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs); however, it is also known as human papillomavirus (HPV), not genital herpes.

8. Which finding, if present in both the male and female of a couple, could present an issue with regard to the couple's fertility? Male and female are the same age, 35. Both partners have had children in their past marriage. History of endocrine problems. History of hypertension.

History of endocrine problems.

6. An infertile woman is about to begin pharmacologic treatment. As part of the regimen, she will take purified follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (urofollitropin [Metrodin]). The nurse instructs her that this medication is administered in the form of a/an: Intranasal spray Vaginal suppository Intramuscular injection Tablet

Intramuscular injection

3. Nurses should be aware that infertility: Is perceived differently by women and men. Has a relatively stable prevalence among the overall population and throughout a woman's potential reproductive years. Is more likely the result of a physical flaw in the woman than in her male partner. Is the same thing as sterility.

Is perceived differently by women and men.

5. A couple presents for their first appointment at an infertility center. A noninvasive test done during initial diagnostic testing is: Hysterosalpingogram Endometrial biopsy Sperm analysis Laparoscopy

Sperm analysis

6. An essential component of counseling women regarding safe sex practices is discussion about avoiding the exchange of body fluids. The physical barrier promoted for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the condom. Nurses can help motivate clients to use condoms by initiating a discussion related to a number of aspects of condom use. The most important of these is: Strategies to enhance condom use. Choice of colors and special features. Leaving the decision up to the male partner. Places to safely carry condoms.

Strategies to enhance condom use.