Med Surg Exam 2 Practice Questions

A nurse is caring for a client who has liver cirrhosis with ascites, bleeding esophageal varices, and portal hypertension. The nurse recognizes which of the following laboratory findings as indicating the client's gastrointestinal (GI) tract is digesting and absorbing blood? A. Elevated BUN B. Elevated HbA1c C. Decreased chloride D. Decreased bilirubin

A. Elevated BUN

A nurse is caring for a client who reports an area of redness, warmth, tenderness and pain in the right calf. The nurse anticipates which of the following orders when notifying the provider of this finding? A. Obtain a venous duplex ultrasound. B. Obtain impedance plethysmography. C. Monitor Homan's sign. D. Apply cold therapy to the affected leg.

A. Obtain a venous duplex ultrasound.

A nurse is caring for a client who has diverticular disease. When palpating the client's abdomen, in which of the following locations should the nurse expect the client to report abdominal pain? A. lower left quadrant B. upper left quadrant C. lower right quadrant D. upper right quadrant

A. lower left quadrant

A nurse is caring for a client who develops a pulmonary embolism. The patient is having chest pain and their pulse oximeter is reading 86%. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first? A. Give morphine IV B. Administer oxygen therapy C. Start an IV infusion of lactated Ringer's D. Initiate cardiac monitoring

B. Administer oxygen therapy

A nurse is reviewing a client?s laboratory results and finds the hemoglobin is 7.8 g/dL and the hematocrit is 23.5%. The nurse recognizes that the client is at risk for which of the following? A. Prolonged bleeding B. Cellular hypoxia C. Impaired immunity D. Fluid retention

B. Cellular hypoxia

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The client asks about foods he should avoid eating. Which of the following foods should the nurse tell him to avoid? A. Nonfat milk B. Chocolate C. Apples D. Oatmeal

B. Chocolate

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a unit of packed RBCs following surgery. Which of the following assessments is an indication that the client might be experiencing circulatory overload? A. Flushing B. Dyspnea C. Bradycardia D. Vomiting

B. Dyspnea

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for this condition? A. History of bulimia B. History of NSAID use C. Drinks green tea D. Has a glass of wine with dinner each day

B. History of NSAID use

A nurse is caring for a client who has a postoperative ileus and an NG tube that has drained 2,500 mL in the past 6 hr. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor the client for? A. elevated sodium level B. decreased potassium level C. elevated magnesium level D. decreased calcium level

B. decreased potassium level

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who reports drinking three to four glasses of wine each night and taking 3,000 mg of acetaminophen daily. Which of the following laboratory values is the priority for the nurse to assess? A. Amylase B. Creatinine C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) D. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

A nurse is preparing dietary instructions for a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. Include foods high in starch and proteins. B. Include foods high in fiber. C. Avoid foods high in fat. D. Avoid foods high in sodium.

C. Avoid foods high in fat.

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. The surgeon initially prescribes a clear liquid diet. Which of the following items should the nurse include on the client's lunch tray? A. Lemon sherbet B. Plain yogurt C. Cranberry juice D. Carrot juice

C. Cranberry juice

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who developed deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) postoperatively and is prescribed anticoagulant therapy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Applying cool compresses to her legs B. Wearing loose, non-constricting stockings C. Flexing her knees and feet frequently D. Taking an NSAID tablet daily

C. Flexing her knees and feet frequently

A nurse is caring for a client who has just developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering? A. Furosemide B. Dexamethasone C. Heparin D. Atropine

C. Heparin

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client's peristalsis is returning? A. Hypoactive bowel sounds in two quadrants B. Request for a cup of tea and some toast C. Passage of flatus D. Abdominal distention

C. Passage of flatus

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new colostomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You can expect fecal output within 24 hours." B. "You will need to increase your dietary intake of raw vegetables." C. "You can expect the stoma to be purplish in color for the first week." D. "You may experience a small amount of bleeding around the stoma."

D. "You may experience a small amount of bleeding around the stoma."