Milady's Standard Nail Technology
Plicatured Nails
1. "folded nails," or a type of highly curved nail plate 2. caused by injury to the matrix, may be inherited, and often lead to ingrown nails -Pli-Cat-Ured-Nail for highly curved nail plate
Beau's Lines
1. "horizontal" depressions that run across the nail 2. results from injury, illness, stress, or pregnancy
Onychomycosis
1. "ringworm caused by fungus" or a fungal infection 2. whitish patches on the nail that can be scraped off or long yellowish streaks within nail plate -Ony-cho-my-cosis, ringworm caused by fungus
If you do not have the cleanser from the manufacturer what can be used?
Acetone
What family do the UV gels belong do?
Acrylates
Onychophagy
Biting of the nails, can be improved by frequent manicures
Are colored gels self leveling or builder gels
Both
Nail Buffer
Buffers used to be made with a chamois cover, but new disposable materials have replaced them. two-or-three-way buffers are used to add shine to the nail and to smooth out corrugations or wavy ridges.
What does a photoinitiator do?
Causes polymerization reaction to begin
For the two colour UV gel application what is done after pushing back the eponychium?
Clean and dehydrate the fingernail
Implements
tools that must be cleaned and disinfected, or discarded after use with each client. They are small enough to be sanitized on a wet sanitizer.
Materials
towels, cotton, gloves, spatula, plastic bags, metal trash can, solution for sanitizer jar, antiseptic
Supply Tray
tray holds cosmetics such as: polishers, polish removers, and creams. it should be sturdy and easy to clean
Nail Brush
used to clean fingernails and remove bits with of cuticle with warm, soapy water. Hold the nail brush with the bristles turned down and away from you. Place the thumb on the handle side of the brush facing you and the fingers on the other side.
Fingernail Clipper
used to shorten nails; for very long nails, clipping reduces filing time
Ridges
vertical depressions or lengthwise ridges are caused by nail growth
Onychatrophia or Atrophy
wasting away of the nail
Implements (nail tools)
wooden pusher or orange-wood stick, metal pusher, abrasive nail file, nippers, tweezers, nail brush, nail buffer, fingernail clippers
Plicatured Nails
Folded nails, a type of highly curved nail plate, caused by injury to the matrix, may be inherited, often lead to ingrown nails
Electric Nail Dryer
nail dryer is an optional item used to shorten the length of time necessary for drying the client's nails
Onychauxis or Hypertrophy
the overgrowth of the nails
Onychosis
the technical term applied to any deformity or disease of the nail
Paronychia
pus, thickening, and brownish discoloration of the nail plate, sometimes referred to as runaround paronychia -infectious, inflammatory conditions, of the tissue, surrounding the nail
Onychophagy
1. biting of the nails, deformed nails 2. can be improved by frequent manicures -Ony-Cho-Phagy for biting of the nails
Nail Pterygium
1. damage or abnormal scarring to the eponychium and hyponychium causes the nail plate to stretch skin, but massaging oils or creams helps 2. never push back skin of infected area with an instrument -pterygium, pterygium, for growth of the cuticle, for growth of the cuticle
Bruised Nails
1. dark purplish, varying in color, from maroon to black, spots which are usually caused by injury 2. occurs when a blood clot, or injury to the nail bed, forms under the nail plate, and in some cases, nail will fall off during the healing process 3. application of an artificial nail service to a bruised nail is not recommended
Melanonychia
1. darkening of the finger and toenails or black band under the nail plate 2. caused by increase of pigment cells in matrix -Mela-No-Nichia, darkening of the finger and toenails, between the fourth and fifth toe
Disinfectant Container
receptacle must be large enough to hold disinfectant solution to immerse implements for sanitizing purposes. Most containers provide covers to prevent contamination of solution when not in use
Onychorrhexis
1. is the term for split or brittle nails 2. caused by injury, excessive use of cuticle solvents, nail polish remover, or rough filing -Ony-Chor-Hexis is the term for brittle nails
Pincer or Trumpet Nails
1. nail plate that has deep or sharp curvature at the free edge; is able to curve on itself 2. caused by curvature at the matrix -Pincer-or-Trumpet deep sharp curve at the free edge
Onychomadesis
1. nail separates and falls off from the nail bed 2. in most cases, it can be traced to a localized infection or minor injury to the matrix bed, if there is no active infection present, a manicure may be performed
Discolored Nails
1. nails turn a variety of colors and may indicate a systemic disorder Ex: nail appears blue in color 2. artificial tips or colored polish can hide the discoloration
Eggshell Nails
1. noticeably fragile thin white nail plate, is more flexible than normal, and curved nails over the free-edge 2. may be caused by diet, illness, or medication
Infected Finger
1. redness, pain, swelling, or pus 2. requires to be referred to a physician
Nail Infections
1. skin bacteria or pseudomonas aeruginosa causes: redness, pain, swelling, pus, or discoloration of the nail plate 2. requires to be referred to a physician
Leukonychia
1. white spots on the nail, or discoloration 2. caused by injury to the base of the nail, air bubbles, or bruise -Leukonychia, white spots on the nail
How much of a cap should be left when applying gel to the fingers?
1/16''
How long will UV lamp stay blue for?
2-3 years
If a lamp has 4 lamps (bulbs) and each of those emits 9 watts then what wattage is the lamp?
36 watts. 9*4=36
What are the different wattages that UV lamp can come in?
4,6,7,8,9
Which of teh 2 gels can not be removed with acetone?
Hard UV gels
What is another word for harden?
Cure
Hang Nail
Cuticle split around the nail
How are gels packaged to protect them from UV lughts?
Dark pots
Bruised Nails
Dark purplish spots; usually due to injury
Melanonychia
Darkening or the finger toes or nails, caused by increase pigment cells in matrix
Beau's Lines
Depressions that run across the nail, result from illness, injury, stress, or pregnancy
What does the term viscosity mean?
Describes the thickness
What is the urethane chemical family known for
High abrasion and durability resistance
What is unit wattage?
How much electricity the unit uses
Eggshell Nails
Noticeably thin, white nail plate thats more flexible than normal, may be caused by diet, illness, or medication
What is the purpose of the bonding gel?
Increase adhesion to natural nail plate
What is UV bonding gel and what is it similar to?
Increases adhesion to natural nail. Similar to base coat.
Ridges
Lengthwise ridges caused by nail growth
What is the benefit of using a clear form when doing UV gels
Light will get to the underside of the gel
Which finger should you begin with when cleaning the client's nails?
Little finger right hand
Gel nails have what advantage?
Little to no odour
What are the three viscosities that gel come in?
Medium, thick and building
Pincer or Trumpet Nails
Nail plate having deep or sharp curvature at the free edge, caused by curvature at matrix, nail may curl on itself
Discolored Nails
Nails turn a variety of colr, may indicate systemic disorders
Where is the smile line located in a 2 colour method gel application?
Over the tip and along the sidewalls
Infected Finger
Redness pain, swelling, or pus, requires to be referred to a physician
What is the benefit of using self-leveling gel?
Reduces filing and contouring later in the services
How often should gel nails be maintained?
Regularly
How long should the nails cure under the light for?
Required time by product manufacturer
Pyogenic Granuloma
severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate
How can pink and white gels be formulated?
Variety of viscosity, colors and opacities
What can you place over a UV gel polish to create a high shine
UV gel gloss
What are the main ingredients that are used to create UV gel nail enhancements?
Urethane acrylate and urethane methacrylate
What is a building gel?
Used to build the arch and cure of the fingernail. Thick in viscosity
What is an oligomer and what is it's consistency?
Short chain of monomers not long enough to be a polymer. It is sticky.
What is a UV lamp and what is it also known as?
Special bulb that emits rays to cure a UV gel enhancement
Onychorrhexis
Splitting and brittle nails, caused by injury, excessive use of cuticle solvents, nail polish remover, or rough filing
What type of bristles does a gel brush have?
Synthetic
What is the inhibition layer?
Tacky surface left on a nail after UV has cured.
What will happen if the enhancements are filed too aggressively during the one colour method
The seal can be broken because they are too thin
What are UV gels?
Type of nail enhancement that harden under a UV light
Which gel can be used as a finishing gel, a sealer gel or a shine gel?
UV Gel Gloss
Leukonychia
White spots on the nail, discoloration, caused by injury to the base of the nail, air bubble, or bruise
If bulbs are not changed regularly, what can happen?
Wont cure the product properly because the light is not full strength
Can gel come in colours?
Yes
Finger Bowl
a plastic, china, metal, or glass bowl that's used for soaking the client's fingers in warm water and antibacterial soap
Hangnail
ag-nails, are dry cuticles that split around the nail
Wooden Pusher
also known as an orange wood stick, is used to loosen the cuticle around the base of a nail or clean under the free edge. Hold the stick similarly to a pencil for applying cosmetics, and wrap a small piece of cotton around the end.
Cosmetics
antibacterial soap, buffering powder or cream, polish remover, cuticle cream, cuticle oil, cuticle solvent, nail bleach, nail whitener, dry nail polish, nail strengthener/hardener, base coat, colored polish liquid enamel or lacquer
Tweezers
can be used to lift small particles from the nail
Chair
client's and nail technician's
Nail Disorders
conditions caused by injury to the nail, disease, or nutrition balance
Client's arm cushion
cushion usually is 8" to 12" in length and made for manicuring. (towel folded to cushion size can be used) cushion of folded towel should be covered with a clean towel before each appointment
Equipment
includes permanent tools and items used to perform nail services. Requires replacement only if no longer in good condition.
Onychia
inflammation of the nail matrix with pus and shedding of the nail -O-N-Y-C-H-I-A, onychia, inflammation of the nail matrix
Onychocryptosis
ingrown nails, nail grows into the tissue on the sides of the nail -Ony-Cho-Cryp-To-Sis, ingrown nail
Metal Pusher
is used to push back excess cuticle growth. You would hold the metal pusher in the same way as the wooden pusher. The spoon end is used to loosen and push back the cuticle. If the pusher has rough or sharp edges, use an abrasive board to dull them. This prevents digging into the nail plate.
Abrasive Nail File
is used to shape the free edge of natural or sculptured nails. Abrasive files are available in different grits; the lower the grit number, the more aggressive its action. Most professional nail technicians use 7" or 8" nail files because some states do not allow shorter files to be used. If reuseabl, nail files must be sanitized after each use, but if not then they should be discarded. When using a nail file, hold it with the thumb on one side of the handle and four fingers on the other side at an angle to free edge. Caution: always prep abrasive boards by rubbing a clean board across the sharp edges before use. Abrasive files have replaced emery boards in the salon environment but the latter are still available for the client's home use.
Nipper
is used to trim away dead skin at the base of the nail. To use the nipper, hold it in the palm of the hand with the blades facing the cuticle. Place the thumb on one handle and three fingers in the other handle, with the index finger on the screw to helpguide the blade around the cuticle.
Furrows or Corrugations
long depressions that runs lengthwise or across the nail
Onycholysis
loosening of the nail without shedding
Equipment
manicure table, client's chair, nail technician's chair or stool, finger bowl, disinfection container that's big enough to emerge implements and is receptible, client's arm cushion, gauze, supply tray that can hold polish creams and cuticle polish, electric nail dryer
Manicure Table
most standard manicure tables include: adjustable lamp, drawers, 40-to-60 watt bulb
Gauze and Cotton
must be in a container, clean absorbent cotton, lint-free wipes, or gauze squares